Lesson 1: Introduction to Research Flashcards
It is a process of systematically investigating a topic to discover or establish facts and reach new conclusions.
Research
It is to generate new knowledge and address specific problems.
Research
A research should be:
- Empirical
- Systematic
- Logical
- Ethical
A characteristic of research that should be based on data and facts.
empirical
A characteristic of research that should be organized and methodical.
systematic
A characteristic of research that follows reasoning.
logical
A characteristic of research that follows moral standards.
ethical
A type of research that focuses on exploring and understanding human experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena.
Qualitative Research
A type of research that is:
- Subjective and interpretive
- Uses non-numerical data (e.g., interviews, observations, texts)
- Open-ended and exploratory
Qualitative Research
Some examples of qualitative research.
Case studies, ethnography, narrative research
The applications of qualitative research.
Social sciences, psychology, anthropology
A type of research that focuses on quantifying variables and analyzing numerical data to identify patterns and relationships.
qualitative research
A type of research that is:
- Objective and statistical
- Uses structured data collection methods (e.g., surveys, experiments)
- Tests hypotheses
quantitative research
Some examples of quantitative research.
Experimental research, correlational studies, surveys
Some applications of quantitative research.
Medicine, economics, natural sciences
It is a type of research that combines both qualitative and quantitative research methods to provide a comprehensive understanding.
mixed methods research
It is a type of research that:
- Integrates data from multiple sources
- Balances numerical and descriptive insights
- Provides richer interpretations
mixed methods research
Some examples of mixed methods research.
Explanatory sequential design, convergent parallel design
Some applications of mixed methods research.
Education, healthcare, business research
It is a type of research that aims to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon.
descriptive research
It is a type of research that is:
- Non-experimental
- Focuses on ‘what’ rather than ‘why’
- Observational
descriptive research
Some examples of descriptive research.
Surveys, case studies, observational research
Some applications of descriptive research.
Market research, social studies
It is a type of research that investigates causal relationships by manipulating variables in a controlled environment.
experimental research
It is a type of research that is:
- Highly controlled
- Focuses on cause-and-effect relationships
- Uses control and experimental groups
experimental research
Some examples of experimental research.
Laboratory experiments, clinical trials
Some applications of experimental research.
Medicine, psychology, engineering
It is a type of research that examines relationships between two or more variables without establishing causality.
correlational research
It is a type of research that:
- Measures associations
- Uses statistical tools
- Observes naturally occurring data
correlational research
Some examples of correlational research.
Relationship between exercise and health
Some applications of correlational research.
Social sciences, business analytics
It is a type of research that observes the same subjects over a long period.
Example: Studying children’s cognitive development over 10 years.
longitudinal research
It is a type of research that
studies different groups at a single point in time.
Example: Examining employee satisfaction across different age groups.
cross-sectional research
