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Nursing > Lesson 1- Introduction To Human Body > Flashcards

Lesson 1- Introduction To Human Body Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the order of the levels of body structure ?

A
  1. Chemical level
  2. Cellular level
  3. Tissue level
  4. Organ level
  5. Organ system level
  6. Organismal level
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2
Q

Integumentary system

A

Consists of hair/nails/skin
Forms the external body covering (protects deeper tissues)
Synthesises vitamin D
Site of cutaneous receptors (pain, pressure etc.), sweat/oil glands

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3
Q

Skeletal system

A

Consists of bones and joints
Protects/supports body organs
Provides framework for muscle movement
Site where Blood cells formed
Store minerals

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4
Q

Muscular system

A

Consists of skeletal muscles
Allows manipulation of environment,
Locomotion,
And facial expressions
Maintains posture
Produces heat

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5
Q

Nervous system

A

Consists of the brain/sensory receptors/nerves/spinal cord/
Fast acting control system
Responds to internal/external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands

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6
Q

Endocrine system

A

Consists of pineal gland/pituitary gland/thyroid gland/thymus/adrenal gland/pancreas/testes/ovaries

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7
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Consists of heart and blood vessels
Blood vessels transport oxygen/co2/nutrients/waste etc. carrying blood
Heart pumps blood

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8
Q

Lymphatic system/ immunity

A

Consists of red bone marrow/thymus/lymphatic vessels/thoracic duct/spleen/lymph nodes
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and transfers it back in
Disposes debris in lymphatic stream
Houses lymphocytes (WBC)

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9
Q

Respiratory system

A

Consists of nasal cavity/pharynx/larynx/trachea/bronchus/lung
Supplies blood with oxygen/ removes co2

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10
Q

Digestive system

A

Consists of oral cavity/oesophagus/liver/stomach/small I/large I/rectum/anus
Breaks down food into small absorbable units which enter the blood
Indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as faeces

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11
Q

Urinary system

A

Consists of kidney,ureter,urinary bladder,urethra
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from body
Regulates water, electrolyte and acid based balance of blood

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12
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Consists of prostate glands,ductus deferens, scrotum, penis, testes
Production of offspring
Testes produce sperm and male sex hormone
Ducts and glands aid in delivery of sperm to female reproductive tract

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13
Q

Female reproductive system

A

Consists of mammary glands (breasts), ovary, uterine tube, uterus, vagina
Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones
Structure serves as site of fertilisation and development of fetus
Mammary glands produce milk to nourish newborn

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14
Q

Forehead

A

Frontal

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15
Q

Eye

A

Orbital

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16
Q

Nose

A

Nasal

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17
Q

Cheek

A

Buccal

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18
Q

Nose

A

Nasal

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19
Q

Mouth

A

Oral

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20
Q

Chin

A

Mental

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21
Q

Neck

A

Cervical

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22
Q

Point of shoulder

A

Acromial

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23
Q

Breastbone

A

Sternal

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24
Q

Armpit

A

Axillary

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25
Q

Chest

A

Thoracic

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26
Q

Abdomen

A

Abdominal

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27
Q

Breasts

A

Mammary

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28
Q

Arm

A

Brachial

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29
Q

Front of elbow

A

Antebrachial

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30
Q

Naval

A

Umbilical

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31
Q

Forarm

A

Antebrachial

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32
Q

Pelvis

A

Pelvic

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33
Q

Wrist

A

Carpal

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34
Q

Thumb

A

Pollex

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35
Q

Palm

A

Palmar

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36
Q

Fingers

A

Digital

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37
Q

Hip

A

Coxal

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38
Q

Groin

A

Inguinal

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39
Q

Genital region

A

Pubic

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40
Q

Thigh

A

Femoral

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41
Q

Thigh

A

Femoral

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42
Q

Anterior knee

A

Patellar

43
Q

Leg

A

Crural

44
Q

Ankle

A

Tarsal

45
Q

Toes

A

Digital

46
Q

Foot

A

Pedal

47
Q

Side of leg

A

Fibular or peroneal

48
Q

Great toe

A

Hallux

49
Q

Front

A

Anterior

50
Q

Back

A

Posterior

51
Q

Head

A

Cephalic

52
Q

Ear

A

Octic

53
Q

Back of head or base of skull

A

Occipital

54
Q

Spinal column

A

Vertebral

55
Q

Shoulder blade

A

Scapular

56
Q

Arm

A

Brachial

57
Q

Back

A

Dorsum or dorsal

58
Q

Back of elbow

A

Olecranal

59
Q

Loin

A

Lumbar

60
Q

Between hips

A

Sacral

61
Q

Hand

A

Manus

62
Q

Buttock

A

Gluteal

63
Q

Region between anus and external genitalia

A

Perineal

64
Q

Thigh

A

Femoral

65
Q

Back of knee

A

Popliteal

66
Q

Calf

A

Sural

67
Q

Heel

A

Calcaneal

68
Q

Sole

A

Plantar

69
Q

Superior (cranial) definition

A

Toward head end or upper part of structure or body

70
Q

Inferior (caudial) definition

A

Toward lower part of structure or body

71
Q

Ventral (anterior) definition

A

Toward the front of the body

72
Q

Dorsal (posterior) definition

A

Toward the back of the body

73
Q

Medial definition

A

Toward or at middle of body

74
Q

Lateral definition

A

Away from middle of body

75
Q

Intermediate definition

A

Between a medial and lateral structure

76
Q

Proximal definition

A

Closer to origin of body part

77
Q

Distal definition

A

Farther from origin of body part

78
Q

Superficial (external) definition

A

Toward or at body surface

79
Q

Deep (internal) definition

A

Away from body surface

80
Q

What does the cranial cavity contain

A

Brain

81
Q

What does the vertebral cavity contain

A

Spinal cord

82
Q

What does the dorsal body cavity contain

A

The cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity

83
Q

What does the thoracic cavity contain

A

Heart and lungs
Superior mediastinum
Pleural cavity
Pericardial cavity

84
Q

What does abdominal cavity contain

A

Digestive viscera

85
Q

What does the pelvic cavity contain

A

Bladder
Reproductive organs
Rectum

86
Q

What does the abdominopelvic cavity contain

A

Diaphragm
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity

87
Q

What does the ventral body cavity contain

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

88
Q

What does the right hypochondriac region consist of

A

Liver and gall bladder

89
Q

What does the left hypochondriac region consist of

A

Diaphragm

90
Q

What does the epigastric region consist of

A

Stomach

91
Q

What does the right lumbar region consist of

A

Ascending colon of large intestine

92
Q

What does the left lumbar region consist of

A

Descending colon of large intestine

93
Q

What does the umbilical region consist of

A

Small intestine

94
Q

What does the right iliac (inguinal) region consist of

A

Cecum

95
Q

What does the left iliac (inguinal) region consist of

A

Initial part of sigmoid colon

96
Q

What does the hypogastric (pubic) region consist of

A

Urinary bladder

97
Q

Name all the head cavities

A

Orbital
Nasal
Oral
Middle ear
Synovial

98
Q

Homeostasis definition

A

The process by which internal environment is maintained

99
Q

Which 2 regulatory systems are involved in homeostasis

A

Nervous and endocrine

100
Q

What is stress

A

The Response to the outside changes has at least 3 components within the controlling system

101
Q

What is positive feedback in homeostasis

A

Initiates a response which increases the variable to further deviate from set point range

102
Q

What is negative feedback in homeostasis

A

Brings the response variable back to the set point

103
Q

What is negative feedback in homeostasis

A

Brings the response variable back to the set point

Nursing (2 decks)

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