lesson 1 - intro to digi tech

Question 1

what is digital technologies

Answer 1

electronic tools that store of process data + turn them into useful information. businesses can then coordinate processes and share info, communicate, monitor + control other devices.

Question 2

what is data

Answer 2

raw records of basic facts and events such as business transactions (date, time etc) that have less meaning.

Question 3

what is information

Answer 3

data processed to be meaningful to humans + useful for decision making.

Question 4

types of information and communication technologies (ict’s) and examples of them

Answer 4

computer hardware: computers, phones, tablets.
computer software: mobile app, accounting software, operating systems etc.
telecommunication facilities and networks: the router connecting us to internet.

Question 5

what are information systems

Answer 5

set of components that collect (or retrieve), process, store and distribute info to support decision making + control in an org.

Question 6

what is a system

Answer 6

set of interdependent elements that accomplish objectives together, they can be divided into subsytems.

Question 7

what are the 5 types of data processing

Answer 7

classification, rearranging/sorting, summarising, performing calculations + selection

Question 8

give me an example of classification data processing

Answer 8

transaction data can be classified eg: order data, payment data, invoice data.

Question 9

give me an example of rearranging/sorting data processing

Answer 9

data on employees may be ordered according to employee number.

Question 10

give me an example of summarising data processing

Answer 10

employee performance data may be combined to arrive at a summary of performance per department.

Question 11

give me an example of performing calculations data processing

Answer 11

data on the total hours worked by an employee may be multiplied by their hourly wage rates to total a gross wage.

Question 12

give me an example of selection data processing

Answer 12

total yearly turnover data on customers may be used to select high spending customers for special treatment.

Question 13

what do information systems involve

Answer 13

people, standards + procedures, ict’s and data, information resources.

Question 14

strategic factors for digital technologies for a particular organisation

Answer 14

providing opportunites for a firm to innovate and gain advantage over others. existing ict structures limit ability to respond to changing environments.

Question 15

strategic factors for digital technologies for a business domain

Answer 15

new technology can change the way business is conducted or create new types of digital businesses (eg facebook, google, uber)

Question 16

types of information systems

Answer 16

level of managerial decision making, function areas

Question 17

levels of managerial decision making information systems and what they are

Answer 17

strategic: long term management and group decisions. based on condensed + unstructured info, analyses what if scenarios.
tactical: medium term decisions, project management, identifies how to implement group decisions.
operational: daily decisions, immediate results, uses structured information.

Question 18

management information characteristics of strategic level of mang decision making

Answer 18

wide data scope, long time span, summarised details, external collection of data, unstructured data.

Question 19

management information characteristics of operational level of mang decision making

Answer 19

narrow data scope, immediate time span, highly detailed, internal collection source of data, structured data.

Question 20

types of management information characteristics and what are they?

Answer 20

data scope: amount of data from which info is extracted.
time span: how long a period the data covers.
level of detail: degree to which info is specific.
source: internal (collected within the org) vs external (collected from outside sources eg media, newsletters, internet).
degree of structure: structured data (numbers + facts easily stored + retrieved) vs unstructured data (drawn from meetings. conversations, docs + presentations).

Question 21

examples of functional areas in an organisation

Answer 21

sales + marketing, manufacturing + production, finance + accounting, human resources

Question 22

what are transactional processing systems?

Answer 22

systems that keep track of the org’s operations and create info for performing them. example is payroll in a company.

Question 23

what are the inputs, processing, outputs and users of transactional processing systems?

Answer 23

inputs: transactions, events.
processing: sorting, listing, merging, updating.
outputs: detailed reports, lists, summaries.
users: operations personnel, supervisors.

Question 24

what are management information systems?

Answer 24

provide reports + access to company data for management levels.

Question 25

what are the inputs, processing, outputs and users of management information systems?

Answer 25

inputs: summary transaction data, simple models, high vol data. processing: routine reports, simple models, low level analysis. outputs: summary + exception reports. users: middle managers.

Question 26

what are decision support systems?

Answer 26

data analysis for decision making for management levels. an example is voyage estimating which is designed to support the assignment of cargo to ships in order to meet customer delivery schedules.

Question 27

what are the inputs, processing, outputs and users of decision support systems?

Answer 27

inputs: low vol data or big databases, analytic models, data analysis tools. processing: interactive, simulations, analysis. output: special reports, decision analyses, response to queries. users: professionals, staff managers.

Question 28

what are executive support systems?

Answer 28

provide communications and computing environments to serve the org's strategic level.

Question 29

what are the inputs, processing, outputs and users of executive support systems?

Answer 29

inputs: external and internal aggregate data. processing: graphics, simulations, interactive. outputs: projections, responses to queries. users: senior managers.

Question 30

what are office automation systems?

Answer 30

increases employee productivity in offices eg email, video conferences, word processors.

Question 31

what are knowledge work systems?

Answer 31

enables knowledge workers (scientists, engineers) to create and discover new knowledge eg computer aided design, vr systems.

Question 32

types of enterprise systems and what are they?

Answer 32

enterprise resource planning systems: single info systems for org wide coordination + integration of many businesses. supply chain management: dealing with suppliers. customer relationship management: dealing with customers.

Question 33

what are enterprise systems?

Answer 33

work together and exchange data using "middleware", involving use of erp packages within the org. helps to synthesis business functions + create seamless operations.