Lesson 1: Fundamentals of Reading Academic Texts Flashcards
a critical, objective, specialized text written by experts in a given field using formal language
academic text
academic text is based on facts with ____ basis
solid basis
why does academic text take time to publish?
because of intense writing and review
Samples of Academic Text:
- articles
- conference papers
- reviews
- theses, dissertations
- essays
Type of Academic Text
published in scholarly journals, it offers results of research and development
articles
Type of Academic Text
presented in scholastic conferences, and may be revised as articles for possible publication in scholarly journals
conference papers
Type of Academic Text
provide evaluation of works published in scholarly journals
reviews
Type of Academic Text
personal researches written by candidate for a college
theses, dissertations
Type of Academic Text
vary in length and formality
essay
what format does academic texts usually follow?
introduction-body-conclusion
structure used in research papers/scholarly journals?
introduction-method-results and discussion (IMRaD) format
a text published quickly an can be written by anyone
non-academic text
what language is used in non-academic text?
informal, casual and may contain slang
does non-academic text have credentials listed and author?
it might not be provided
sample of non-academic text:
- periodicals
- journal/diary entries
- informal reviews
- blogs
- text messages
Type of Non-Academic Text
published in a series such as newspapers and magazines
periodicals
Type of Non-Academic Text
the writer narrates his/her personal experiences
journal/diary entries
reactions/reviews on something read or watched; seen on book covers
informal reviews
Type of Non-Academic Text
regularly updated websites
blogs
Type of Non-Academic Text
electronic communications end and received
text messages
AUDIENCE
academic: _______, non-academic: __________
academia, mass public
PURPOSE
academic: _______, non-academic: __________
inform using solid evidence, entertain or persuade
STRUCTURE
academic: _______
non-academic: __________
standard, no rigid structure
ACADEMIC TEXT
They stated critical ______ and______
questions and issues
ACADEMIC TEXT
They provide ____ and _______ from credible sources.
facts and evidence
ACADEMIC TEXT
They use ________ words while avoiding jargon and colloquial expressions.
precise and accurate
ACADEMIC TEXT
They take an ______ and avoid being personal and subjective.
objective point-of-view
ACADEMIC TEXT
They list _______.
references
ACADEMIC TEXT
They use _____ or________ languages to tone down their claims.
hedging or cautious language
It requires concentration and comprehension from the readers
academic reading
It differs from academic reading (e.g., reading literary texts, magazines, newspapers, comics, among others) in terms of content and style, and expectations from the readers.
non-academic reading
academic reading requires concentration and from the readers to:
✓ determine the author’s —– and —–
✓ discern —— and —–
✓ recognize ——- views
✓ question author’s ——
✓ integrate relevant ideas from —– ——- of information
✓ synthesize —–
✓ make ——
✓ draw —–
✓ determine the author’s purpose and biases
✓ discern facts and opinions
✓ recognize contradicting views
✓ question author’s assumptions
✓ integrate relevant ideas from multiple sources of information
✓ synthesize information
✓ make inferences
✓ draw conclusions
CRITICAL READING STRATEGIES
- —— reading of the text
- important in identifying —- —- presented by the author and analyzing —— presented in the text
- It involves —– the strategies employed in each stage of reading.
- close reading of the text
- important in identifying key arguments presented by the author and analyzing concepts presented in the text
- It involves practicing the strategies employed in each stage of reading.
BEFORE READING
✓ Determine the —– of academic text.
✓ Establish your —- for reading.
✓ Identify the author’s —– for writing.
✓ Predict or infer the —– or —– based on the title.
✓ Determine the type of academic text.
✓ Establish your purpose for reading.
✓ Identify the author’s purpose for writing.
✓ Predict or infer the main idea or argument based on the title.
BEFORE READING
✓ Identify your —— towards the author and the text.
✓ State what you already —– and what you want to —- about the topic.
✓ Determine the target ——-.
✓ Identify your attitude towards the author and the text.
✓ State what you already know and what you want to learn about the topic.
✓ Determine the target audience.
BEFORE READING
✓ Check the ———– for relevance. It should have been published at most—– years earlier than the current year.
✓ Check the——- while making sure to consider the correctness of the ———
✓ Use a —— or any appropriate —-r to note your existing ideas and knowledge on the topic.
✓ Check the publication date for relevance. It should have been published at most five years earlier than the current year.
✓ Check the reference list while making sure to consider the correctness of the formatting style.
✓ Use a concept map or any appropriate graphic organizer to note your existing ideas and knowledge on the topic.
what to do during reading?
Annotate important parts of the text.
HOW TO ANNOTATE
✓ Write —- words or phrases on the margins in —– form
✓
Write a —– on the page margin where important information is found.
✓ Write key words or phrases on the margins in bullet form
✓ Write a symbol on the page margin where important information is found.
HOW TO ANNOTATE
✓ Write —— on the margin.
✓ Write —— on information that you find confusing.
✓ Write what you already —– about the ideas.
✓ Write brief notes on the margin.
✓ Write questions on information that you find confusing.
✓ Write what you already know about the ideas.
HOW TO ANNOTATE
✓ Write the —— of the author’s arguments.
✓ Write notes on the —— of the text.
✓ Comment on the author’s ——.
✓ Write the limitations of the author’s arguments.
✓ Write notes on the reliability of the text.
✓ Comment on the author’s biases.
HOW TO ANNOTATE
✓ Use a ——– or any —— to note down the ideas being explained.
✓ React on the ——- presented in the text.
✓ Underline —– words, phrases, or sentences.
✓ Underline or circle meanings or ——.
✓ Make or highlight ——-l parts of the text.
✓ Use a concept map or any appropriate graphic organizer to note down the ideas being explained.
✓ React on the arguments presented in the text.
✓ Underline important words, phrases, or sentences.
✓ Underline or circle meanings or definitions.
✓ Make or highlight relevant/essential parts of the text.
HOW TO ANNOTATE
✓ Use the headings and transition words to identify —– in the text.
✓ Create a bank of —– or —— words to be defined later.
✓ Use —– to define unfamiliar or technical words.
✓ ———- at the end of the chapter or section.
✓ Determine the —— of the text.
✓ Identify the evidence or supporting arguments presented by the author and check their———-
✓ Identify the —— and note the appropriateness of the ——- used.
✓ Use the headings and transition words to identify relationships in the text.
✓ Create a bank of unfamiliar or technical words to be defined later.
✓ Use context clues to define unfamiliar or technical words.
✓ Synthesize the author’s arguments at the end of the chapter or section.
✓ Determine the main idea of the text.
✓ Identify the evidence or supporting arguments presented by the author and check their validity and relevance.
✓ Identify the findings and note the appropriateness of the research method used.
AFTER READING
✓ —- on what you have read.
✓ React on some parts of the text through —-.
✓—– some parts with your teacher or classmates.
✓ Link the—– of the text to what you already know.
✓ Reflect on what you have read.
✓ React on some parts of the text through writing.
✓Discuss some parts with your teacher or classmates.
✓Link the main idea of the text to what you already know.
Other Reading Strategies
- SQRR/SQ4R method of reading
- KWL chart
SQ3R/SQ4R is a reading comprehension method named for its five/six steps:
Survey
Question
Read
Record
Recite
Review
read the headings, intro, summaries and author’s note to get the main idea
survey
question
ask yourself questions that you hope to answer when you need
read
read each section, answering your questions and picking out the main points
record
write down key ideas
recite
recall the main points
review
review notes and repeat reciting regularly
how does the KWL method work?
in a table with 3 columns:
1. what I KNOW
2. What I WANT to Learn
3. What I Have LEARNED
organize: reading, writing, text
ACADEMIC WRITING -> ACADEMIC TEXT -> ACADEMIC READING
