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RPM0 22 > Lesson 1 (FINALS) > Flashcards

Lesson 1 (FINALS) Flashcards

1
Q

Vital signs also called as…

A

Cardinal Signs

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2
Q

Measurements of the body’s most basic functions

A

Vital Signs

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3
Q

Enumerate the four main vital signs routinely monitored by medical professionals and health care providers

A
  1. Body temperature
  2. Pulse rate
  3. Respiration rate
  4. Blood pressure
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4
Q

This is not considered a vital sign but is often measured along with the vital signs

A

Blood Pressure

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5
Q

Rate of breathing

A

Respiration Rate

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6
Q

Useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems

A

Vital Signs

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7
Q

It can be measured in a medical setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere

A

Vital Signs

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8
Q

This is not required for vital signs to be measured

A

Physician’s Order

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9
Q

Body temperature is controlled by a small structure in the basal region of the diencephalon of the brain called the…

A

Hypothalamus

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10
Q

Hypothalamus also referred to as…

A

Body’s Thermostat

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11
Q

When body’s metabolism increases…

A

More heat is produced

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12
Q

A patient whose body temperature is elevated above normal limits is said to have a…

A

Fever or Pyrexia

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13
Q

The normal body temperature remains almost constant; however, a variation of _____ to _____ above or below the average is within normal limits.

A

0.5º to 1º

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14
Q

It is rare for a person to survive with a body temperature between _____ and _____ or below _____.

A

105.8º F (41ºC) and 111.2º F (44ºC) or below 93.2ºF (34ºC).

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15
Q

Five areas of the body in which temperature is usually measured

A
  1. The oral site
  2. The tympanic site
  3. The rectal site
  4. The axillary site
  5. The skin
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16
Q

Is taken by mouth under the tongue

A

Oral Temperature

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17
Q

The average oral temperature is…

A

98.6 (37ºC)

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18
Q

Is taken in the axilla or armpit.

A

Axillary Temperature

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19
Q

The average axillary temperature is…

A

97.6º to 98 º F (36.4 ºC to 36.7 ºC)

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20
Q

Is taken at the anal opening to the rectum.

A

Rectal Temperature

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21
Q

The average rectal temperature is…

A

99.6 ºF (37.5 ºC)

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22
Q

Is taken inside the ear.

A

Tympanic Temperature

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23
Q

An ear (tympanic) temperature is _____ higher than an oral temperature.

A

0.3°C (0.5°F) to 0.6°C (1°F)

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23
Q

Also called as an aural thermometer.

A

Tympanic Membrane Thermometer

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24
Q

Is a small, hand-held device that measures the temperature of the blood vessels in the tympanic membrane of the ear.

A

Tympanic Membrane Thermometer/Aural Thermometer

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25
Q

In oral temperature, the probe is _____ and held in place until the instrument signals that is has registered temperature.

A

Under the tongue

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26
Q

Safest method of measuring body temperature because it is non-invasive.

A

Axillary Thermometer

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27
Q

Considered to provide the most reliable measurement of the body temperature because factors that can alter the results are minimized.

A

Rectal Thermometer

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28
Q

Normally is taken only on infant patients and not in adults.

A

Rectal Temperature

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29
Q

For rectal temperature, use a thermometer with a…

A

Blunt tip

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30
Q

Never use an _____ to take a rectal temperature.

A

Oral Thermometer

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31
Q

Probe covers are often colored _____ for rectal temperature.

A

Red

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32
Q

It is place on the abdomen or forehead of infants or children to measure temperature.

A

Temperature-Sensitive Patches

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33
Q

A newer method obtaining a temperature is done by _____ the forehead and the back of the ear with a probe.

They are quick and reliable method for obtaining a baseline temperature.

A

Scanning

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34
Q

Normal body temperature for adult in °F

A

97.8 to 99°F

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35
Q

Normal body temperature for child (5 to 13 years) in °F

A

97.8 to 98.6°F

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36
Q

Normal body temperature for infant (3 months to 3 years) in °F

A

99 to 99.7°F

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37
Q

Normal body temperature for adult in °C

A

36.7 to 37.4°C

38
Q

Normal body temperature for child (5 to 13 years) in °C

A

36.7 to 37°C

39
Q

Normal body temperature for infant (3 months to 3 years) in °C

A

37.2 to 37.7°C

40
Q

Over the apex of the heart (heard with a stethoscope).

A

Apical Pulse

40
Q

As the heart beats, blood is pumped in a pulsating fashion into the arteries. This results in a _____ or _____, of the artery.

A

Throb or Pulsation

41
Q

Over the carotid artery at the front of the neck.

A

Carotid Pulse

42
Q

Over the radial artery at the wrists at the base of the thumb.

A

Radial Pulse

43
Q

At the posterior surface of the knee

A

Popliteal Pulse

44
Q

Over the femoral artery in the groin

A

Femoral Pulse

45
Q

Over the temporal artery in front of the ear

A

Temporal Pulse

46
Q

At the top of the feet in line with the groove between the extensor tendons of the great and the second

A

Dorsalis Pedis Pulse (Pedal)

47
Q

On the inner side of the ankles

A

Posterior Tibial Pulse

48
Q

In the groove between the biceps and the triceps muscles above the elbow at the antecubital fossa

A

Brachial Pulse

49
Q

Normal Average Pulse Rate for adults in beats per minute

A

60 to 90

50
Q

Normal Average Pulse Rate for child (4 to 10 years) in beats per minute

A

90 to 100

51
Q

Normal Average Pulse Rate for infant in beats per minute

A

120

52
Q

Is an abnormally rapid heart rate (over 100 beats per minute).

A

Tachycardia

53
Q

Is an abnormally slow heart rate (below 60 beats per minute).

A

Bradycardia

54
Q

For infants and children, the _____ is the most accurate for cardiovascular assessment.

A

Apical Pulse

55
Q

Equipment needed to assess the pulse includes a _____ and _____ and _____ to record findings.

A

Watch with a second hand and a pad and pencil

56
Q

Respiration is _____ in newborns and infants.

A

Quicker

56
Q

For monitoring apical pulse, a _____ that has been cleaned will be needed.

A

Stethoscope

57
Q

When assessing respiration, observe the _____, _____, _____, and _____.

A

Rate, depth, quality, and pattern

57
Q

Normal Average Respiration Rate for adult in breaths per minute

A

15 to 20

58
Q

Normal Average Respiration Rate for infant in breaths per minute

A

30 to 60

58
Q

Normal diastolic blood pressure is _____ or below.

A

80 mmHg

59
Q

Force of the blood pushing against the artery walls during contraction and relaxation of the heart.

A

Blood Pressure

59
Q

Pressure exerted when blood is ejected into arteries.

A

Systolic Blood Pressure

60
Q

Pressure blood exerts within arteries between heartbeats.

A

Diastolic Blood Pressure

61
Q

Normal systolic blood pressure is _____ or below.

A

120 mmHg

62
Q

Both the systolic and diastolic pressures are recorded as…

A

mmHg/millimeters of mercury

62
Q

Enumerate categorization of blood pressure

A
  1. Normal blood pressure
  2. Elevated blood pressure
  3. Stage 1 high blood pressure
  4. Stage 2 high blood pressure
63
Q

mmHg recording represents how high the mercury column in an old-fashioned manual blood pressure device (called a _____ or _____) is raised by the pressure of the blood.

A

Mercury manometer or Sphygmomanometer

64
Q

Systolic of 120 to 129 and diastolic less than 80

A

Elevated Blood Pressure

65
Q

Systolic is 140 or higher or the diastolic is 90 or higher

A

Stage 2 High Blood Pressure

65
Q

Systolic of less than 120 and diastolic of less than 80 (120/80)

A

Normal Blood Pressure

65
Q

An equipment in which the blood pressure reading flashes on a small screen, can be used to measure blood pressure.

A

Digital Monitor

66
Q

Systolic is 130 to 139 or diastolic between 80 to 89

A

Stage 1 High Blood Pressure

66
Q

An equipment that has a dial gauge and is read by looking at a pointer.

A

Aneroid Monitor

67
Q

Enumerate the American Heart Association guideline before performing blood pressure monitoring.

A
  1. Don’t smoke or drink coffee for 30 minutes before taking your blood pressure.
  2. Go to the bathroom before the test.
  3. Relax for 5 minutes before taking the measurement.
67
Q

Enumerate the 6 steps for measurement of blood pressure

A
  1. Subject seated on chair and relax for 3-5 minutes
  2. Explain the process of recording blood pressure
  3. Loosen the tight clothing and place the cuff in the upper arm
  4. Place stethoscope and measure pulse over brachial artery
  5. Pump the cuff till pulse disappears and deflate till pulse reappears. Record the readings
  6. The reading at the reappearance of the pulse is systolic blood pressure and the disappearance of the pulse is diastolic blood pressure
67
Q

Normal values of blood pressure for adult

A

90 to 120 systolic over 50 to 70 diastolic

67
Q

Normal values of blood pressure for adolescents

A

85 to 130 systolic over 45 to 85 diastolic

68
Q

Unless _____ is present to do so, vital
signs should be taken by the _____ when
a patient is brought into the diagnostic imaging
department for invasive diagnostic procedure or
treatment, before and after the patient receives
medication, or anytime the patient’s general
condition suddenly changes.

A

Registered Nurse & Radiographer

69
Q
  • It is the responsibility of the _____ to make certain that there is a functioning sphygmomanometer, a stethoscope and the equipment necessary to administer oxygen in each diagnostic imaging room at the beginning of each shift
  • Emergencies requiring these items arise, and there is no time to look for this equipment .
A

Radiographer

70
Q

The normal body temperature of a person varies depending on _____, _____, _____ and _____, _____, and, in women, the stage of the _____

A

Gender, recent activity, food and fluid consumption, time of day, and, in women, the stage of the menstrual cycle.

71
Q

The _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ and _____ are some factors that influence body temperature

A

Environment, time of the day, age, hormone level, emotions, physical exercise, digestion of food, disease, and injury

72
Q

The site selected for measuring body temperature
must be chosen with care depending on the
_____, _____ and _____.

A

Patient’s age, state of mind, and ability to
cooperate in the procedure

73
Q

Because the reading will vary depending on where
it is measured, be sure to specify the _____ used
when reporting the reading.

Example:
* A rectal temperature of 99.6 º F is written 99.6 R.
* An oral temp of 98.6 º F is written 98.6 O.
* An axillary temp of 97.6 º F is written 97.6 Ax.
* A tympanic temp of 97.6 º F is written 97.6 T.

A

Site

74
Q

Enumerate the following areas where the pulse can be detected most easily…

A
  1. Apical pulse
  2. Radial pulse
  3. Carotid pulse
  4. Femoral pulse
  5. Popliteal pulse
  6. Temporal pulse
  7. Dorsalis Pedis pulse
  8. Posterior Tibial pulse
  9. Brachial pulse
75
Q

The rate of respiration increases with _____ or _____.

A

Physical exercise or Emotion.

76
Q

Each time the heart beats, it pumps blood into the arteries, resulting in the _____ pressure as the heart contracts. When the heart relaxes, the blood pressure _____.

A

Highest blood & Falls

77
Q

High blood pressure, or hypertension, directly increases the risk of _____, _____ and _____.

A

Heart attack, heart failure, and stroke

78
Q

With high blood pressure, the arteries may have an _____ against the flow of blood, causing the heart to pump harder to circulate the blood

A

Increased resistance

79
Q

For people with _____, home monitoring allows the doctor to monitor how much the blood pressure changes during the day, and from day to day.

This may also help the doctor determine how effectively the blood pressure medication is working.

A

Hypertension

80
Q

At areas of the body in which arteries are _____, the pulse can be felt by gently pushing the artery lying beneath the skin against a solid surface such a bone.

A

Superficial

81
Q

As with other vital signs, it is important to establish a _____ because changes in respiration are often an early sign of threatened physiologic state.

A

Baseline respiratory rate

RPM0 22 (1 decks)

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