Lesson 1 Cells , Tissue , Organ system

Question 1

What is Cell Theory (3)

Answer 1

All living organisms are composed of cells

arise from the division of other cells

contain inherited information that controls their activities

Question 2

A)What is a cell?

B) can they live independently?

Answer 2

A)The functioning unit of life; metabolism (the chemical reactions of
life) takes place in cells

B)Given suitable conditions

Question 3

Are all cells Indentical ? , if they are not identical what do they differ in ?

Answer 3

No, They differ in shape, form, and contents

Question 4

Are Cells Structural characteristics are closely
correlated with function ?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What is a tissue?

Answer 5

groups of cells of the same type associate together

Question 6

What are the four main types of tissue and their function ?

Answer 6

Epithelium – lines the body surface and the surfaces of organs, cavities and tubes

Connective – holds body structures together

Muscle – moves the body or body parts

Nervous – communicates between different parts of the body

Question 7

A) What are the features of Epithelia tissue (4)

B) whats Glandular epithelium

Answer 7

A)
1- no blood vessels, but nerves are present

3- Have a free surface

4- Protects the tissue which lies beneath it

5- Regulates exchanges between tissues and body cavities

2 - Connected to a membrane to get
nutrients

B)
secrete hormones into the blood vascular system
(endocrine), and/or sweat, mucus, enzymes, and other products that are
delivered by ducts (exocrine)

Question 8

What are the types of Epithelia ?

Answer 8

Simple:squamous,cubodial,columnar

Stratified:squamous,cubodial,columnar

Transitional

Question 9

What are the three types of Muscular tissue

Answer 9

smooth
Cardiac
skeletal

Question 10

A)
What are the features of smooth (muscle tissue)? (3)

B)
Where is it found (3)?

C)
What is it controlled by

D)
How does it appear?

Answer 10

A)

1-Sheets of densely packed elongated fibers running parallel to each other and bound together by connective tissue

2- Each muscle fiber is a single cell with numerous contractile fibrils

3- Contracts and fatigues slowly

B)

1-The walls of the gut
2- Bladder
3-Blood vessel walls

C)
Controlled by the involuntary nervous system

D)Smooth or unstriated

Question 10

A)
What are the features of Skeletal muscle (muscle tissue)? (2)

B)
How does it appear?

C)
What is it controlled by?

Answer 10

A)

1- Associated with the skeleton for movement of the body

2-Contains contractile fibrils

B)
-Appears striated (striped)

C)
Controlled by the voluntary nervous system

Question 11

A)
What are the features of Cardiac (muscle tissue)? (2)

B)
Where is it found (1)?

C)
How does it appear?

Answer 11

A)
2- Contains contractile fibrils

3-Myogenic – rhythmical contractions arise from within the cells themselves, without the need for nervous stimulation

B)

Found only in the heart

C)

Appears striated

Question 12

A)
What are the features of Nervous tissue ? (4)

B)
What is it composed of (2)

Answer 12

A)
1-Regulates and controls bodily functions and activity

2-mental activity

3- homeostasis

4- control of muscles and glands

B)
1-Neurons :receive and transmit impulses

2-Neuroglia : assist the propagation of the nerve impulse and
provide nutrients to the neuron.

Question 13

A)
What are the features of Connective tissues? (2)

B) What can a matrix be ?

C) Examples of connective tissue

Answer 13

A)
1-Fibrous

2-Consist of cells separated by non-living material (extracellular
matrix)

B)

can be liquid or rigid

C)

1- Blood
2- Bone
3- Tendon
4- Ligament
5- Adipose (fat)
6- Areolar (loose connective tissue that consists of a meshworkof collagen, elastic tissue, and reticular fibres - with many
connective tissue cells in between the meshwork of fibres.)

Question 14

What is an organ ?

Answer 14

a group of three or more tissues that carries out a particular function

Question 15

What is an organ system ?

Answer 15

are a collection of different cells and tissues
working together to achieve a specific function

Question 16

A)
What are the features of the Circulatory System? (3)

B) What does it consist of? (3)

Answer 16

A)
1- It transports oxygen and nutrients to every part of the body

2- Maintain homeostasis (pH,
temperature)

3-Fight disease

B)
heart , blood, blood vessels,

Question 17

A)
What are the features of the Digestive System ?

B) What does it consist of ?

Answer 17

A)
Turns the food you eat into something useful for the
body

B)
The organs involved in this system include the mouth,
stomach and intestines (GI tract), covering a distance
of about 9 m

• Accessory digestive glands are:
• liver
• gall bladder
• pancreas

Question 17

A)
What are the features of the endocrine system? (3)

B)
What does it consist of? (4)

C)
How fast are the effects of the endocrine system?

Answer 17

A)
1-Secrete chemical hormones directly into the blood
to be carried towards distant target organs

2-Regulates, coordinates, and controls a number of
body functions

3- These secretions help control moods, growth and
development, and metabolism

B)

1-the pituitary and thyroid glands
2-pancreas
3-the ovaries and testes
4-adrenal glands

C) slow takes weeks to see the effects

Question 17

A)
What are the features of the Integumentary System? (5)

B)
What does it consist of? (4)

Answer 17

A)
1-Acts as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world
2-retain body fluids
3- protect against disease
4- eliminate waste products
5-regulate body temperature

B)
the skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands

Question 18

A)
What are the features of the Muscular System? (3)

B)
How does it work?

C) What is the muscular system controlled by?

Answer 18

A)
1-move the body
2- maintain posture
3-move materials through the body

B)
by contracting (shortening)
and relaxing

C) the nervous system

Question 19

A)
What are the features of the Nervous System? (4)

B)
What does it consist of? (3)

Answer 19

A)
1-The control center of the human body
2-coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions
3-transmits signals to and from different parts of its body
4-It receives and interprets stimuli and transmits
impulses to organs

B) the brain
spinal cord
nerves

Question 20

A)
What are the features of the Reproductive System?

B)
What does it consist of?

Answer 20

A)

the continuation of the species
Allows for a combination of genetic material

B)
the uterus, penis,
ovaries, and testes

Question 21

A)
What is the function of the Respiratory System?

B)
What does it consist of?

Answer 21

A)
The primary function is
exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide between
an organism and the
environment

B)
nose,
larynx, trachea,
diaphragm, bronchi, and
lungs

Question 22

A)
What are the features of the Skeletal System?

B)
What does it consist of?

Answer 22

A)
1-Forms the supporting structure
of an organism

2-allows bodily movement

3-produces blood cells

5-stores minerals

B)
bones, cartilage, and joints

Question 23

A)
What are the features of the Urinary System? (4)

B)
What does it consist of? (4)

Answer 23

A)
1-eliminate wastes from the body

2-regulate blood volume and blood pressure

3- control levels of electrolytes and
metabolites

4-regulate blood pH

B)

the kidneys
* ureters
* urinary bladder
* urethra