Lesson 1 Basic Thermodynamics Introduction Flashcards
deals with energy and its conversion, governed by four laws.
Thermodynamics
focuses on heat and work conversion.
Engineering Thermodynamics
Four Laws of Thermodynamics
Zeroth, First, Second, and Third Laws.
If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are in equilibrium with each other.
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Implies thermal equilibrium is an equivalence relation.
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Internal energy in an isolated system is constant.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Known as the Law of Conservation of Energy.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed in isolation.
First Law of Thermodynamics
In spontaneous processes, the entropy of the universe increases.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
Known for the physics of vacuums and the invention of the air pump.
Otto von Guericke
Introduced Boyle’s law, which relates gas pressure and volume.
Robert Boyle
Invented the first commercially used steam-powered engine.
Thomas Savery
Built a thermometer based on pressure and temperature, close to finding absolute zero.
Guillaume Amontons
Discovered magnesium, latent heat, and introduced specific heat.
Joseph Black
Conducted experiments on heat radiation, introduced the Leslie cube.
John Leslie
Coined the term “Brownian Motion” to describe random particle motion in fluids.
Robert Brown
Popularized Carnot’s work and created the Combined Gas Law.
Emile Clapeyron
Formulated Gay-Lussac’s Law, relating gas pressure and temperature.
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
Added Avogadro’s Law to create the Ideal Gas Law.
Henri Victor Regnault
Focused on the first law of thermodynamics, developed the Rankine scale, and introduced entropy.
William Rankine
Restated Carnot’s principle, introduced the Clausius theorem.
Rudolph Clausius
Known for the van der Waals equation describing gas behavior.
Johannes van der Waals
Developed Le Chatelier’s Principle for systems at equilibrium.
Henry Louis Le Chatelier
Created the Nernst equation relating voltage and chemical thermodynamics.
Walter Nernst
Predicted Hawking radiation, suggesting black holes can emit particles.
Stephen Hawking
