Lesson 1 Basic Thermodynamics Introduction

Question 1

deals with energy and its conversion, governed by four laws.

Answer 1

Thermodynamics

Question 2

focuses on heat and work conversion.

Answer 2

Engineering Thermodynamics

Question 3

Four Laws of Thermodynamics

Answer 3

Zeroth, First, Second, and Third Laws.

Question 4

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are in equilibrium with each other.

Answer 4

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Question 5

Implies thermal equilibrium is an equivalence relation.

Answer 5

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Question 6

Internal energy in an isolated system is constant.

Answer 6

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 7

Known as the Law of Conservation of Energy.

Answer 7

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 8

Energy cannot be created or destroyed in isolation.

Answer 8

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 9

In spontaneous processes, the entropy of the universe increases.

Answer 9

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 10

the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero.

Answer 10

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Question 11

Known for the physics of vacuums and the invention of the air pump.

Answer 11

Otto von Guericke

Question 12

Introduced Boyle’s law, which relates gas pressure and volume.

Answer 12

Robert Boyle

Question 13

Invented the first commercially used steam-powered engine.

Answer 13

Thomas Savery

Question 14

Built a thermometer based on pressure and temperature, close to finding absolute zero.

Answer 14

Guillaume Amontons

Question 15

Discovered magnesium, latent heat, and introduced specific heat.

Answer 15

Joseph Black

Question 16

Conducted experiments on heat radiation, introduced the Leslie cube.

Answer 16

John Leslie

Question 17

Coined the term “Brownian Motion” to describe random particle motion in fluids.

Answer 17

Robert Brown

Question 18

Popularized Carnot’s work and created the Combined Gas Law.

Answer 18

Emile Clapeyron

Question 19

Formulated Gay-Lussac’s Law, relating gas pressure and temperature.

Answer 19

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

Question 20

Added Avogadro’s Law to create the Ideal Gas Law.

Answer 20

Henri Victor Regnault

Question 21

Focused on the first law of thermodynamics, developed the Rankine scale, and introduced entropy.

Answer 21

William Rankine

Question 22

Restated Carnot’s principle, introduced the Clausius theorem.

Answer 22

Rudolph Clausius

Question 23

Known for the van der Waals equation describing gas behavior.

Answer 23

Johannes van der Waals

Question 24

Developed Le Chatelier’s Principle for systems at equilibrium.

Answer 24

Henry Louis Le Chatelier

Question 25

Created the Nernst equation relating voltage and chemical thermodynamics.

Answer 25

Walter Nernst

Question 26

Predicted Hawking radiation, suggesting black holes can emit particles.

Answer 26

Stephen Hawking