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10 Chemistry > Lesson 1 - Atomic Theory > Flashcards

Lesson 1 - Atomic Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

Matter

A
  • Anything with a mass and volume
  • Can be solid liquid or gas
  • Divided into mixtures and pure substances
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2
Q

Mixtures

A
  • Can be heterogeneous: see diff parts. COLLOIDS AND SUSPENSIONS
  • Cab be homogenous: Uniform appearance. SOLUTIONS AND ALLOYS
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3
Q

Pure substances

A
  • Only one type of particle
  • Can be element or a compound
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4
Q

Atomism

A
  • Matter is composed of tiny particles that move through surrounding space.
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5
Q

John Dalton

A

• atomic theory in 1803.
• Matter composed of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms.
• Atoms of same element are identical to one another (mass, size, shape).
• Chemical reactions = rearrangement of atoms.
• Billiard ball model.

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6
Q

J.J Thompson

A

• Discovered that matter contains tiny, charged particles, electrons.

• Plum pudding model

• Atom consists of positive sphere with negative particles scattered throughout.

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7
Q

Ernest Rutherford

A

•Proved existence of a positively charged nucleus
• Gold foil experiment
• Solar system model

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8
Q

James Chadwick

A

In 1932, Chadwick proved the existence of neutral neutrons in the nucleus.

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9
Q

Erwin Shrodinger

A
  • Proposed the quantum Erwin Shrodinger’s Model mechanical model of the atom.
    • Electron
    Cloud Model
  • A negative cloud surrounding a positive nucleus.
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10
Q

Metals

A

Lose electrons
Good conductors
malleable, ductile, shiny

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11
Q

Non-metals

A

gain electrons
form covalent bonds
poor conductors
brittle, nonducile

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12
Q

Metaloidd

A

properties lf metals and non metals.
Some conduct electricity and some don’t
straddle the staircase

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13
Q

Alkali metals

A

1 valence electrons
ready to lose in ionic bond
react vigorously with water

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14
Q

alkaline earth metals

A

2 valence electrons
ready to lose

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15
Q

Halogens

A

7 valence electrons
aggressively seek 1 more

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16
Q

Noble gases

A

fully full
stable and unreactive

17
Q

transition metals

A

Multi valency
more common charge is on top or first

18
Q

Isotopes

A

same element, diff atomic mass cus of neutrons

19
Q

Anion

A

non metals
negative cus it gains electrond

20
Q

Cation

A

metals
positive cus it loses electrons

10 Chemistry (4 decks)

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