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Science > Lesson 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the earth system

A

Is all the matter energy processes within earths boundary

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2
Q

True or false

Is earth a complex system made up of smaller systems

A

True

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3
Q

The earth has two catorgories of things what are they

A

Living and no living

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4
Q

What is a non living thing

A

Rocks air water

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5
Q

What are living things

A

Trees animals and people

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6
Q

What are the 5 main parts of the earths system

A

Atmosphere geosphere biosphere hydrosphere and cryosphere

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7
Q

Geosphere what is it

A

The mostly solid rocky part of earth it extends from the crust to the core

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8
Q

What are the three layers of the geosphere

A

Crust core mantle

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9
Q

1What is the crust

2the earths crust is mostly?

A

1The outermost layer of earth made

2 Mostly oxygen

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10
Q

What the mantle

A

It lies below the crust
It is hot
It is slow flowing rock

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11
Q

What is the core

A

The central part of earth
Iron and nickel
Densest part of earth

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12
Q

What is the hydrosphere

A

The liquid part of earth
97% all water is salt water
Ocean covers 71% of earth

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13
Q

How does water move from the surface to the clouds

A

Evaporation

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14
Q

What is the cryosphere

A

All the frozen water on earth
Ice sea ice glaciers ice shelves permafrost
Ice sheets

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15
Q

Where is most of the frozen water found

A

In the polar ice caps

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16
Q

What changes play an important role in earths climate

A

The amount of frozen water changing during the seasons

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17
Q

What is the atmosphere made up of

A

Invisible gases that surround earth

78 % nitrogen 21% oxygen

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18
Q

How far outward does the atmosphere

A

500 to 600 km from the surface of the earth

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19
Q

What does the atmosphere contain

A

The air we breathe

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20
Q

T or F

Some gases absorb AND REFLECT harmful UV RAYS from the sun

A

True

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21
Q

What is the biosphere made up of

A

All the living things on earth

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22
Q

Many organism need______ and ________ _________ to survive

A

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

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23
Q

What is also important for life? (organisisms)

A

Liquid water

Stable source of energy

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24
Q

Spheres interact when

A

Matter and energy change and cycle between the 5 spheres

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25
Q

Life on earth would not be possible if

A

Matter and energy never changed from on form to another

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26
Q

How do spheres interact

A

As matter moves between spheres

27
Q

Plants use what type of energy to make their foods

A

Solar energy

28
Q

Where does most of earths energy come from

A

The sun

29
Q

Is an unbalanced energy good or bad

A

Yes???DOES NOT MAKE SENSE???

30
Q

Can a boulder be broken down

A

Yes

31
Q

Can ice break down rocks how

A

Yes

Ice wedging

32
Q

How does ice wedging work

A

When water gets in the crack of a rock and it freezes making the crack wider

33
Q

Can animals cause weathering

A

Yes

34
Q

Can rocks break down rocks

A

Yes-Plant acid can break down rock

35
Q

What is abrasion

A

The breaking down and wearing away of rock material by mechanical action of another rock

36
Q

Can plants break down rocks

A

Yes-yes they cause crack growths in rocks

37
Q

What is chemical weathering

A

The breaking down of rocks by chemical reactions

WHAT ARE EXAMPLES OF CHEMICALS???

38
Q

What does the color of the rock changing mean

A

A chemical reaction has taken place

39
Q

Acids break down most materials faster than water alone

A

KNOW THIS

40
Q

Can underground water cause chemical weathering

A

Yes

41
Q

Animals and people breath oxygen . Where is oxygen located?

A

Atmosphere

42
Q

Which sphere is permafrost included in?

A

Cryosphere

43
Q

which sphere is rainfall located In?

A

Hydrosphere

44
Q

Which 2 spheres interact to move energy in waves and currents?

A

Atmo and hydro

45
Q

which 2 spheres interact to when water vapor condenses to form clouds?

A

Atmo hydro CAN ALSO BE CRYOSPHERE

46
Q

where does the energy for the biosphere come from?

A

Sun

47
Q

what is weathering?

A

Wearing down of rock

ROCKS CAN BREAK INTO SMALLER PIECES AND SMALLER ROCKS

48
Q
  1. What happens to rocks in moving water?

2. Do different things happen to soft rocks compered to hard rocks?

A

1it moves-THEY CAN GET ABRASIONS ON THEM- ROCKS CAN BREAK DOWN
2 the wear down quicker- ABRASION

49
Q

what can ice wedging do to rocks?

A

Make creaks bigger

YES CAUSE WEATHERING OR BREAKING DOWN OF ROCKS???

50
Q

does acid or water break down minerals quicker?

A

Acid

51
Q

what type of weathering does acid cause?

A

Chemical weathering

52
Q

does oxygen cause chemical weathering>

A

When combined with chemicals

yes OXIDATION

53
Q

how would you describe earths atmosphere?

A

A lot of gases

54
Q

what are 2 processes that can break down rocks?

A

PHYSICAL WEATHERING AND CHEMICAL WEATHERING ARE PROCESSES
Water
Wind

55
Q

what are all the agents of physical weathering?

A 
Water-=
Wind-=
Abrasion ???is the breaking down??is it an agent??????
Gravity-=
Pressure-=
Animals=
Plant=
temperature-=
56
Q

what are all the agents of chemical weathering?

A

Oxygen
Acid precipitation
Groundwater
Living things

57
Q

which layer of the geosphere contains iron and nickel?

A

Core

58
Q

which layer of the geosphere contains mostly oxygen?

A

Atmosphere-outer most layer CRUST

59
Q

what is abrasion?

A

Breaking down and wearing away of

60
Q

what are the atmospheres gases? what percents of each?

A

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% other

61
Q

list the layers of geosphere in order from outer to inner?

A

CRUST
MANTLE
CORE

62
Q

The process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reaction is called?

A

Chemical weathering

63
Q

The _____ is the part of Earth where life exists and extends from the deep ocean floors up into the lower atmosphere?

A

Biosphere

64
Q

What are the two processes that result in rocks being broken down into smaller pieces?

A

Chemical/physical weathering

Science (5 decks)

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