Lesson 1 - A History and Internet Architecture Flashcards
What is an EvoArch model?
An abstract model for studying protocol stacks and their evolution.
The EvoArch model can help to study layered architectures and their evolution in a quantitative manner. Through this model researchers were able to explain how the hierarchical structure of the layer architecture eventually led to the hourglass shape.
Protocols in the Data Link Layer
Ethernet
PPP
WiFi
Which layer includes the Internet Protocol (IP) & routing protocols?
Network layer
OSI model layers proposed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
- Application
- Presentation
- Session
- Transport
- Network
- Data Link
- Physical Layer
What is the purpose of the Spanning Tree Algorithm?
The goal of the spanning tree algorithm is to have the nodes (bridges) select which links (ports) to use for forwarding eliminating loops.
Internet Protocol Stack layers are:
- Application
- Transport
- Network
- Data Link
- Physical
In which layer do the TCP and UDP protocols reside
Transport Layer
Data Link layer packets of information
Frames
What is encapsulation? And how is it used in the layered model?
Each layer adds header information to the payload (message from layer above) -> message to segment to datagram to frame and then reverse at the end host (de-encapsulation).
What is the interface between the application and transport layer?
Sockets
What responsibility does the data link layer have?
Data link layer is responsible to move the frames from one node (host or router) to the next node.
Transport layer packet of information
Segments
End-to-end principle
Complexity and intelligence at the edges of the network while core kept simple to essential/commonly shared functions. Benefit = flexibility and autonomy provided to an application designer
What is OSI model
A 7-layer internet architecture model proposed by ISO
What are the advantages of internet layered architecture
- Scalability
- Modularity
- Flexibility