Lesson 1

Question 1

anencephaly

Answer 1

a condition in which a baby is born with just a brainstem

Question 2

anterior definiton

Answer 2

towards the front

Question 3

autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

innervates internal organs; not under voluntary control; comprised of parasympathetic and sympathetic branches; aka “visceral peripheral nervous system”

Question 4

behavioral neuroscience

Answer 4

connecting behaviors to neural function

Question 5

brainstem

Answer 5

most inferior part of them brain; connects brain to spinal cord; contains 12 nerves that relay information between the brain and body; involved in vital function regulations

Question 6

caudal

Answer 6

towards the rear

Question 7

central nervous sytem

Answer 7

includes the brain and spinal cord

Question 8

cerebellum

Answer 8

posterior and inferior to cerebrum; 10% of brain’s total volume but 50% of brains total neurons; split into 2 hemispheres; involved in smooth coordinated movement control, voluntary movement, balance posture; also involved in cognitive, affective and behavioral changes is psychiatric conditions; ipsilateral control

Question 9

cerebrum

Answer 9

physically biggest part of brain; contralateral control

Question 10

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 10

the study of the highest level of mental functions

Question 11

congenital

Answer 11

present at birth

Question 12

contralateral

Answer 12

when a structure is on the opposite side of the reference point

Question 13

coronal plane

Answer 13

divides a structure perpendicular to its longitudinal axis creating front and back halves; can also be called “transverse plane”

Question 14

cross section

Answer 14

term applied to transverse sections of the spinal cord and brain stem

Question 15

decomposition of movement

Answer 15

a disorder related to cerebellar function which casues poorly coordinated and executed movement

Question 16

distal

Answer 16

farther from a reference point

Question 17

dorsal

Answer 17

towards the top; also can use “superior”

Question 18

dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 18

a disorder related to cerebellar function which casues the inability to rapidly alternate movements (i.e. quickly saying buttercup)

Question 19

frontal lobe

Answer 19

most anterior part of the brain; involved in planning ahead, prediction, programming for an individual’s needs, articulation of speech, discrete movements of the body; made up of three areas- motor area, premotor area and prefrontal area

Question 20

horizontal plane

Answer 20

divides a structure parallel with the earths’ horizon creating a top and bottom half

Question 21

in vivo

Answer 21

refers to the person being alive during the procedure

Question 22

inferior

Answer 22

towards the bottom; also can use “ventral”

Question 23

intention tremor

Answer 23

a disorder related to cerebellar function which casues a tremor in a hand when someone reaches for something

Question 24

ipsilateral

Answer 24

when a structure is on the same side as a reference point

Question 25

lateral

Answer 25

when a structure is farther from the midline of the body

Question 26

medial

Answer 26

when a structure is closer to the midline of the body

Question 27

median plane

Answer 27

divides a structure along its longitudinal axis into left and right halves; can also be called “midline plane”

Question 28

midline plane

Answer 28

divides a structure along its longitudinal axis into left and right halves; can also be called “median plane”

Question 29

network science

Answer 29

the study of the coordination of brain functions into the systems of the body

Question 30

occipital lobe

Answer 30

posterior part of brain; involved in visual information processing

Question 31

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 31

part of our autonomic nervous system or visceral PNS; restorative system which brings us back to a state of “rest and digest”

Question 32

parietal lobe

Answer 32

superior to temporal lobe, posterior to frontal lobe; involved in reading, taste, pain, temperature, touch and pressure

Question 33

peripheral nervous system

Answer 33

includes cranial nerves that innervate the face and neck and spinal nerves that connect the brain with the body for movement and sensation; divided into somatic and visceral systems

Question 34

posterior

Answer 34

toward the rear; also can use “caudal”

Question 35

proximal

Answer 35

closer to a reference point

Question 36

rostral

Answer 36

towards the front; also can use “anterior”

Question 37

sagittal plane

Answer 37

runs parallel to the median plane

Question 38

somatic peripheral nervous system

Answer 38

includes both motor and sensory spinal nerves; movement is under voluntary control

Question 39

superior

Answer 39

towards the top; also can use “dorsal”

Question 40

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 40

part of our autonomic nervous system or visceral PNS; engages our “fight or flight” response

Question 41

temporal lobe

Answer 41

inferior to the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes; involved in hearing, memory processing, integration of multiple sensory functions

Question 42

transverse plane

Answer 42

divides a structure perpendicular to its longitudinal axis creating front and back halves; can also be called “coronal plane”

Question 43

ventral

Answer 43

towards the bottom; also can use “inferior”

Question 44

ventricles

Answer 44

hollow spaces in the brain

Question 45

visceral peripheral nervous system

Answer 45

innervates internal organs and is not under voluntary control; comprised of parasympathetic and sympathetic branches; also called the “autonomic nervous system”