Lesson 1 & 2 Grammar Flashcards
How many noun declensions are there in Latin?
five
How do we determine what declension a noun belongs to?
by its genitive singular ending
What is the genitive singular ending of 1st declension nouns?
-ae
What is the gender of 1st declension nouns?
mostly feminine
What is the subject noun case?
nominative
How do subject nouns and verbs agree?
person and number
What is the direct object case?
accusative
What is the position of an adverb in a Latin sentence?
before the word it modifies
What case is used for possessives and of-phrases?
genitive
What is the gender of 2nd declension -us and -um nouns?
- *-us** masculine
- *-um** neuter
How is the stem of a 2nd declension noun found?
drop the -ī from the genitive singular form
How is the stem of a Latin noun found?
drop the genitive singular ending
What are the 2 distinct characteristics of all neuter nouns & adjectives in Latin?
1) nominative & accusative forms always match
2) nominative & accusative plural forms always end in -a
What case does in require?
in: ablative
What case is the predicate noun put in?
nominative
What is the position of the being verb sum in a Latin sentence?
it may sit anywhere
What is the indirect object or to/for case?
dative
What is the position of the verb in a Latin sentence?
at the end of the sentence
Prepositions take one of which two cases?
accusative or ablative
conjugate sum in the present tense
sum - I am sumus - we are
es - you are estis - you (pl) are
est - he/she/it is sunt - they are
1st declension endings
-a -ae
-ae -ārum
-ae -īs
-am -ās
-ā -īs
What is a predicate noun (predicate nominative)?
a noun that follows a linking verb
Decline terra
terra terrae
terrae terrārum
terrae terrīs
terram terrās
terrā terrīs
2nd declension M endings
-us -ī
-ī -ōrum
-ō -īs
-um -ōs
-ō -īs
