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Lpu: PR2 > Lesson 1-2 > Flashcards

Lesson 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

Is defined as a means for testing objective theories by examining the relationship among variables (Creswell, 2009)

A

Quantitative Research

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2
Q

It is conducted to see if there is any relation or association between variables

A

Correlational research

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3
Q

A statistical measure of association between two variables

A

Correlation

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4
Q

The claim that a change in one variable influences another variable

A

Causation

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5
Q

Focuses on cause and effects

A

Causal research

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6
Q

Three factors of correlational research

A

Association, Magnitude, Direction(of the association)

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7
Q

Factor of correlational research: relationship between variables

A

Association

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8
Q

Factor of correlational research: To what extent does the relationship exist

A

Magnitude

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9
Q

Factor of correlational research: To which direction are the variables moving

A

Direction of the association

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10
Q

What is the correlation type of: 1

A

Perfect correlation

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11
Q

What is the correlation type of: 0.81-0.99

A

Strong correlation

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12
Q

What is the correlation type of: 0.71-0.80

A

Good correlation

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13
Q

What is the correlation type of: 0.51-0.70

A

Weak correlation

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14
Q

What is the correlation type of: 0.01-0.50

A

Poor correlation

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15
Q

What is the correlation type of: 0

A

No correlation

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16
Q

Value coefficient of Perfect correlation

A

1

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17
Q

Value coefficient of Strong correlation

A

0.81-0.99

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18
Q

Value of coefficient of Good correlation

A

0.71-0.80

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19
Q

Value of coefficient of Weak correlation

A

0.51-0.70

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20
Q

Value coefficient of Poor correlation

A

0.01-0.50

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21
Q

Value of no correlation

A

0

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22
Q

Deals with numerical values and how they can describe a phenomenon.

A

Quantitative Research

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23
Q

_______ is The go-to approach for scientific inquiry because it has the ability to test ___________

A

Quantitative research, Hypothesis

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24
Q

The basis of formulating and testing hypotheses are

A

Variables

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25
Q

The ones that are usually identified, examined, described, or correlated to answer a scientific inquiry

A

Variables

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26
Q

Is manipulated especially in experiments

A

Independent variable

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27
Q

Depends on the independent variable.

A

Dependent variable

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28
Q

Should be an environment where all variables are identified and can be controlled.

A

Controllability

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29
Q

From larger sample sizes that the results are based on as a representative of the population.

A

Generalizability

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30
Q

Results of data are observable and measurable using structured instruments.

A

Objectivity

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31
Q

Study should be replicable by other teams of researchers that will eventually come up with similar outcomes.

A

Replicability

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32
Q

Three Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

A
  1. Large samples require a lot of time and effort.
  2. Statistical analysis of data requires an expert to be able to perform.
  3. Quantifying and reducing observations to numerical values makes it too simplistic.
33
Q

Three Strengths of Quantitative Research

A
  1. Analysis of data is assisted with statistical methods.
  2. Large-scale research can be undertaken.
  3. Data can be presented in graphical or tabular form.
34
Q

The experimental and nonexperimental types of quantitative research depend on the _______________ and the __________ of the problem being investigated.

A

Topic, Nature

35
Q

To identify a cause-effect relationship between the variables where the samples are randomized.

A

True Experimental research

36
Q

A nonexperimental research design focuses on the description of factors, variables, or phenomena that occurs in nature

A

Descriptive Research

37
Q

To compare two variables in order to identify whether there exists a causative relationship between them. It involves two or more groups and one independent variable.

A

Comparative Research (Causal-Comparative Research)

38
Q

Compares two variables then identifies the relationship between them.

A

Correlational Research

39
Q

Mirrors experimental research but it is not true experimental research where a casual relationship can be determined with the use of dependent and independent variables. It use assigned samples.

A

Quasi-experimental Research

40
Q

Quantitative Research may either be __________ or ___________

A

Correlational, Causal

41
Q

Quantitative Research focuses on the three following:

A
  1. Collection of observable and measurable data.
  2. Standardized data collection instruments.
  3. Statistical techniques in data analysis.
42
Q

Involves identifying relationships between two variables

A

Correlational Research

43
Q

As stated by Vanderstoep and Johnston (2009), A ___________ is a “statistical measure of association between two variables”.

A

Correlation

44
Q

Who stated a ____________ is a “statistical measure of association between two variables”.

A

Vanderstoep and Johnston (2009)

45
Q

It is often used in quantitative research in the Social Sciences, Psychology, Economics, Political Science.

A

Correlational Research

46
Q

Correlational Research looks at the following

A
  1. Whether an association exists between variables.
  2. Magnitude of the existing association between two variables.
  3. Direction of the association between two variables.
47
Q

looks at causes and effects.

A

Causal research

48
Q

As stated by Vanderstoep and Johnston (2009), A ____________ refers to the “claim that a change in one variable creates a change in another variable”.

A

Causation

49
Q

Who stated that _________ refers to the “claim that a change in one variable creates a change in another variable”.

A

Vanderstoep and Johnston (2009)

50
Q

Causal research follows the three foloowing:

A
  1. Causal research deals with cause and effect.
  2. It is often used in studying the natural sciences.
  3. In chemistry, it is applied in the conduct of chemical experiments to see whether a change in the quantity of one substance affects the characteristics of another substance.
51
Q

Survey research is a ______________ type of quantitative research. This design makes use of a questionnaire as its main data collection tool.

A

Correlational

52
Q

(Acquires information one point in time)

A

Cross-sectional

53
Q

(Acquires information at multiple points in time to compare, contrast, and etc.)

A

Longitudinal

54
Q

Types of survey designs

A

Cross-sectional, Longitudinal

55
Q

A __________________ is a general group of people with similar characteristics.

A

Population

56
Q

A _____________________ is a subgroup of the population that is chosen, either randomly or purposefully.

A

Sample

57
Q

Also called the “questionnaire”. Contains close-ended questions with fixed answers.

A

Survey Instrument

58
Q

(Makes comparisons among the survey results to establish and explain relationships)

A

Inferential analysis

59
Q

(Provides a general report of the results of the survey which may include frequencies or average scores)

A

Descriptive Analysis

60
Q

The Data analysis and interpretation

A

Descriptive Analysis and Inferential Analaysis

61
Q

A type of quantitative research aimed at causation.

A

Experimental Research

62
Q

Respondents - The ___________________ group receives the experimental treatment

A

Experimental

63
Q

Respondents - The _____________ group does not receive an intervention.

A

Control

64
Q

(causes and explains the effect)

A

Independent Variable

65
Q

(the response to the application of or changes in the dependent variable).

A

Dependent Variable

66
Q

Two types of Variables

A

Dependent and Independent Variables

67
Q

Stages of the Experimental Procedure

A

Pretest, Actual intervention, Post test

68
Q

Used to record the observations at any stage of the experiment.

A

Instrumentation and Materials

69
Q

4 Experimental Procedures

A

Pre-Experimental, True Experiment, Quasi Experiment, Single-Subject design

70
Q

It is similar to the survey research because results in experimental research are analyzed in both descriptive and an inferential manner. The difference between the two is the overall goal of causation and not correlation.

A

Data analysis and interpretation

71
Q

Both variables are moving in the same direction.

A

Positive Correlation

72
Q

Variables move in a not same direction

A

Negative Correlation

73
Q

When x moves but y does not. No relationship

A

Zero Correlation/No Correlation

74
Q

Studies and provides an experimental intervention to a single experimental group. It does not make use of a control group.

A

Pre experimental research

75
Q

Uses both experimental and control groups but the respondents are not randomly assigned into groups.

A

Quasi experimental

76
Q

Makes use of both experimental and control groups whose respondents are randomly assigned.

A

True experiment

77
Q

Only has a single subject individual as the lone participant of the experiment.

A

Single subject experiment

78
Q

It is similar to the survey research because results in experimental research are analyzed in both descriptive and an inferential manner. The difference between the two is the overall goal of causation and not correlation.

A

Data analysis and interpretation

Lpu: PR2 (1 decks)

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