Lesson 1-2

Question 1

Mechanization, steam power, weaving loom

Answer 1

Industry 1.0 (1784)

Question 2

Mass production, assembly line, electrical energy

Answer 2

Industry 2.0 (1870)

Question 3

Automation, computers, and electronics

Answer 3

Industry 3.0 (1969)

Question 4

The first wave of the Industrial Revolution lasted from the late
1700s to the mid-1800s.

Answer 4

Industry 1.0 – Steam Engine

Question 5

Cyber-Physical Systems, internet of things, networks

Answer 5

Industry 4.0 (TODAY)

Question 6

It industrialized the manufacture of
textiles and began the move of
production from homes to
factories.

Answer 6

Industry 1.0 – Steam Engine

Question 7

Steam power and the cotton gin played an important role in this period.

Answer 7

Industry 1.0 – Steam Engine

Question 8

Effects of Industry 1.0 to the community

Answer 8

Cultural Changes
Transportation
Working Conditions

Question 9

Industry 2.0 saw the beginning of
telecommunications, the assembly line revolutionized work in factories and the first automobiles could be produced.

Answer 9

Industry 2.0 – Telecommunications
and electronics

Question 10

Transport also developed further – air and sea transport made it possible to travel across continents.

Answer 10

Industry 2.0 – Telecommunications
and electronics

Question 11

Since that time, Germany has developed into one of the largest industrial powers in the world. Its successes revolutionized not only industry, but many other areas.

Answer 11

Industry 2.0 – Telecommunications
and electronics

Question 12

These developments were the first steps towards globalization – significant for us to this day.

Answer 12

Industry 2.0 – Telecommunications
and electronics

Question 13

Industry 3.0 was shaped by computers and automation and represents the fast pace of life and information technology.

Answer 13

Industry 3.0 – Computers

Question 14

The rapid advancement of computer technology made it possible to use PCs in the home or office for the first time.

Answer 14

Industry 3.0 – Computers

Question 15

For example, home computers
replaced typewriters, which were used in Industry 2.0. The age brought a turnaround in the world of work.

Answer 15

Industry 3.0 – Computers

Question 16

In Industry 3.0, too, human work was increasingly taken over by machines

Answer 16

Industry 3.0 – Computers

Question 17

Industry 4.0 is revolutionizing the way companies manufacture, improve and distribute their products.

Answer 17

Industry 4.0 – Internet of Things

Question 18

Manufacturers are integrating new technologies, including Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing and analytics, and AI and machine learning into their production facilities and throughout their operations.

Answer 18

Industry 4.0 – Internet of Things

Question 19

The origins of robotics and the first robots contain diverse names and dates, but there has always been the same common goal:

Answer 19

to prevent humans from performing the heaviest, most dangerous and tedious tasks.

Question 20

Each joint is called an _____ and provides an additional degree of freedom, or range of motion.

Answer 20

axis

Question 21

Do you know the meaning of the word ‘robot’?

Answer 21

Etymologically, the term comes from the Czech word robota meaning ‘forced labor’

Question 22

It was used for the first time, 100 years ago now, in a play by the author of the same nationality,

Answer 22

Karel Capek

Question 23

This play entitled ___________ was premiered in 1921 and was a great success all over the world, leaving without knowing it, a word that would last forever.

Answer 23

‘RUR (Rossum’s Universal Robots)’

Question 24

designed in 1966 by the Standford Research Institute, stands out as an important milestone for mobile robotics.

Answer 24

The Shakey robot

Question 25

This robot design features rotary joints and can range from simple two joint structures to 10 or more joints. The arm is connected to the base with a twisting joint. The links in the arm are connected by rotary joints.

Answer 25

Articulated Robot

Question 26

It was at the end of the _________ when considerably more advanced robotic arms appeared in which cameras or sensors were already used.

Answer 26

1960s and in the 1970s

Question 27

Industrial robots commonly have

Answer 27

four or six axes.

Question 28

was the world’s first mobile robot, thanks to software and hardware that allowed it to perceive and understand the environment, albeit in a limited way.

Answer 28

The Shakey robot

Question 29

Although the first industrial robots were created in the United States, in the 1980s and 1990s they were already being developed in some European and Asian countries, mainly in

Answer 29

Japan and Sweden.

Question 30

Some of the advantages that AI brings to industrial robotics are:

Answer 30

Increased accuracy Improved decision making (especially in the face of obstacles). Predictive maintenance Automation is a field in constant change, so sometimes it is difficult for some companies to start the path to a smart factory

Question 31

The robot has at least one rotary joint at the base and at least one prismatic joint to connect the links. The rotary joint uses a rotational motion along the joint axis, while the prismatic joint moves in a linear motion. It operate within a cylindrical-shaped work envelope.

Answer 31

Cylindrical Robot

Question 32

A connection between two objects that allows relative motion along a single axis

Answer 32

PRISMATIC OR LINEAR JOINT

Question 33

A freely moving joint in which movement is limited to rotation

Answer 33

ROTARY OR REVOLUTE JOINT

Question 34

Common Types of Industrial Robots

Answer 34

Articulated Cartesian Cylindrical Polar SCARA Delta

Question 35

These are also called rectilinear or gantry robots. Cartesian robots have three linear joints that use the Cartesian coordinate system (X, Y, and Z). They also may have an attached wrist to allow for rotational movement. The three prismatic joints deliver a linear motion along the axis.

Answer 35

Cartesian Robot

Question 36

Also called spherical robots, in this configuration the arm is connected to the base with a twisting joint and a combination of two rotary joints and one linear joint. The axes form a polar coordinate system and create a spherical-shaped work envelope.

Answer 36

Polar Robot

Question 37

Commonly used in assembly applications, this selectively compliant arm for robotic assembly is primarily cylindrical in design. It features two parallel joints that provide compliance in one selected plane.

Answer 37

SCARA Robot

Question 38

These spider-like robots are built from jointed parallelograms connected to a common base. The parallelograms move a single EOAT (End-of-arm-tool) in a dome-shaped work area. Heavily used in the food, pharmaceutical, and electronic industries, this robot configuration is capable of delicate, precise movement.

Answer 38

Delta Robot

Question 39

Robot Components

Answer 39

Actuators Sensors Controller Link Joint End-Effector Manipulator

Question 40

It acts as the muscles to change their configuration. It provide power to act on the mechanical structure against gravity, inertia, and other external forces to modify the geometric location of the robot’s hand. It can be of electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic type and have to be controllable.

Answer 40

Actuators

Question 41

Sensors can be used to detect changes in pressure, force, temperature, or other process conditions. They can also be used as inspection devices to verify that processes have been done correctly or that parts are present. Cameras are very popular to use as a means of inspecting products for conformity and process completion; they are also used in conjunction with software for reading barcodes and color identification.

Answer 41

Inspection and Verification

Question 42

The elements used for detecting and collecting information about internal and environmental states. Joint position, velocity, acceleration, and force are the most important information to be sensed. When integrated into the robot, send information about each link and joint to the control unit, and the control unit determines the configuration of the robot

Answer 42

Sensors

Question 43

Consists of collecting and processing the information provided by the robot’s sensor. Consists of planning the geometric motion of the robot structure. Consists of organizing the information between the robot and its environment.

Answer 43

Controller

Question 44

The individual rigid bodies that make up a robot. It is a rigid member that may have relative motion with respect to all it. From the kinematic point of view, two or more members connected together such that no relative motion can occur among them are considered of it.

Answer 44

Link

Question 45

A connection between two objects that allows relative motion along a single axis.

Answer 45

PRISMATIC OR LINEAR JOINT

Question 46

It is the part mounted on the last link to do the required job of the robot. It is the tool that actually performs the work. A great deal of research is devoted to the design of special purpose of it and tools.

Answer 46

End-effector

Question 47

A freely moving joint in which movement is limited to rotation

Answer 47

ROTARY OR REVOLUTE JOINT

Question 48

There are several types of end effectors that are used to carry out industrial automation tasks, including grippers, magnets, and vacuum heads.

Answer 48

Automation

Question 49

3 Categories of End-effectors

Answer 49

Automation Process Inspection and Verification

Question 50

The next type of end effector category is process. This refers to devices that are used in specific manufacturing processes, including welding and painting. There are many different types of processes which can fall into this category, five popular processes for end effectors include weld tooling, drill or cutting tools, brushes, screwdrivers, adhesive dispensing, and paint spray guns. As you’ve probably guessed, the type of end effector you need will be based on the process that your robot is performing.

Answer 50

Process

Question 51

R║P├P

Answer 51

Cylindrical

Question 52

The main body of a robot consisting of the links, joints, and other structural elements.

Answer 52

Manipulator

Question 53

is a kind of drawing that is used in robotics to find the equations we need to control our robot manipulator.

Answer 53

A 'Kinematic Diagram'

Question 54

R├R ├ R

Answer 54

Articulated

Question 55

P├P├P

Answer 55

Cartesian

Question 56

R├R├ P

Answer 56

Polar

Question 57

R║R║P

Answer 57

SCARA