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UTS L1-2 > Lesson 1-2 > Flashcards

Lesson 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

deals with the nature of identity, as well as the factors and forces that affect the development and maintenance of personal identity.

A

understanding the self

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2
Q

is intended to facilitate the exploration of the issues and concerns regarding self and identity to arrive at a better understanding of one’s self.

A

understanding the self

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3
Q

“SELF-UNDERSTANDING IS A LIFETIME ENDEAVOUR. IT IS NOT A WEEKEND SEMINAR. IT DOES NOT COME IN CAPSULE FORM.”

A

VIRONIKA TUGALEVA, THE ART OF TALKING TO YOURSELF

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4
Q

is crucial and it takes time and effort.

A

understanding the self

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5
Q

Many people are trying to understand themselves in a context of isolation and vagueness.

A

understanding the self

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6
Q

But according to Baumeister (2011):

A
  1. Self is a knowledge structure.
  2. Self is an interpersonal being.
  3. Self is an agent with executive function.
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7
Q

For him, the self is a knowledge structure, an interpersonal being, and an agent with executive function.

A

Baumeister

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8
Q

Scholars from various disciplines have attempted to explain and completely expound on a variety of questions and conflicts concerning the nature, existence, and dimensionality of the self.

A

understanding the self

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9
Q

The most common self-related concerns:

A

1.nature vs. nurture
2. identity vs. self
3. dimensions of the self.

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10
Q

The natural basis of the self is anchored on biology and explains that human traits are passed from one generation to another.

A

NATURE

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11
Q

Genes and hereditary factors: physical appearance, personality, characteristics.

A

NATURE

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12
Q
A

NURTURE

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13
Q

Argues that the self should be principally viewed as an outcome of various nurturing factors in the context of one’s life.

A

NURTURE

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

An individual’s sense of self is defined by (a) a set of physical, psychological, and interpersonal characteristics that are not wholly shared with any other person and (b) a range of affiliations (e.g., ethnicity) and social roles.

A

IDENTITY

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16
Q

Identities are the traits and characteristics, social relations, roles, and social group memberships that define who one is.

A

IDENTITY

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17
Q

The totality of the individual consists of all characteristic attributes, conscious and unconscious, mental and physical.

A

SELF

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18
Q

refers to a person’s overall attributes or qualities, both known and unknown to others (but known to oneself).

A

SELF

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19
Q

FACTORS THAT AFFECTING THE SELF

A
  • Environmental Factor
  • Social Factor
  • Cultural Heritage
  • Factor Ethnic
  • Group Factor
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20
Q

Heredity is the sum of all the traits passed on through genes from parents to children.

A

HEREDITARY FACTOR

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21
Q

HEREDITARY FACTOR EXAMPLE:

A

Ex: Skin, height, hair, mental abilities, eye color, body build, physical abilities.

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22
Q

Heredity causes both similarities and differences in people.

A

HEREDITARY FACTOR

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23
Q

Everything in your surrounding is part of your environment. You had little control over your surroundings as an infant, but have more autonomy as you get older. And you will most likely be able to control your environment over time.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR

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24
Q

You have two different types of environments that have a significant impact on your personal growth:

A

Psychological and Physical Environments.

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25
Q

It is composed of attitudes expressed by people around you.

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

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26
Q

Includes: Feelings and beliefs of your family members, teachers, classmates, and friends.

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

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27
Q

One main factor would be where you live…Farm, city, small town… Everyone experienced different environments. You had little control while with your parents but will be able to choose where you want to live later in life.

A

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

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28
Q

It refers to the impact of important persons in one’s life. It largely comprises the family, which shapes the majority of an individual’s basic attitudes and behaviors. Many social scientists refer to it as the “nursery of human nature.”

A

SOCIAL FACTOR

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29
Q

In this social group, an individual does not only acquire biological characteristics (through heredity) but also learn, both directly and indirectly, certain behaviors and characters.

A

SOCIAL FACTOR

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30
Q

Consists of acquired behaviors, beliefs, and languages passed down from generation to generation. Your culture is defined by the foods you eat, the festivals you celebrate, and the traditions you follow.

A

CULTURE HERITAGE

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31
Q

Made up of individuals who shared racial and/or cultural features such as racial background, language, religion, and customs.

A

ETHNIC GROUP

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32
Q

EXAMPLES OF ETHNIC GROUP

A
  • MAGUINDANAO
  • TAUSUG
  • ILOCANO
  • KAPAMPANGAN
  • BICOLANO
  • CEBUANO
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33
Q

pursuit of wisdom

A

PHILOSOPHY

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34
Q

a search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means.

A

PHILOSOPHY

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35
Q

The union of elements (such as body, emotions, thoughts, and sensations) that constitute the individuality and identity of a person.

A

SELF

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36
Q

Philosophy of the self has been defined through two distinct lenses:

A

Rationalism and Empiricism.

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36
Q

The reason is the fundamental and superior source of understanding about reality.

A

RATIONALISM

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37
Q

Sense experience is an inaccurate and insufficient path to knowledge.

A

RATIONALISM

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38
Q

Fundamental world concepts can be known a priori: they are either innate or self-evident to consciousness.

A

RATIONALISM

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39
Q

Sense experience is the only source of authentic knowledge about the world. Unless it is founded on the solid bedrock of sense experience, the reason is an untrustworthy and inadequate path to knowledge.

A

EMPIRICISM

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40
Q

There is no such thing as innate knowledge because knowledge is gained via experience.

A

EMPIRICISM

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41
Q

The mind before experience is a tabula rasa, a blank slate.

A

EMPIRICISM

42
Q

CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY

A

SOCRATES, PLATO,

43
Q

Concerned with the problem of the self.

44
Q

Dualistic - every man is composed of body and soul

45
Q

Self-knowledge is the ultimate virtue. As the ultimate virtue, it will lead to ultimate happiness.

46
Q

Once the soul comes into the material world, he forgot everything.

47
Q

Once the soul comes into the material world, he forgot everything. this knowledge is brought out by?

A

SOCRATIC APPROACH

48
Q

“The unexamined life is not worth living.”
“One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.”

49
Q

Founded the Academy (prototype of Today’s University)

50
Q

The dichotomy between the ideal (World of Forms) and the material world.

50
Q

believed that man is composed of body and soul.

51
Q

SOUL -most divine aspect of the self (intellectual aspect).

52
Q

most divine aspect of the self

53
Q

Three components of the soul:

A

rational, spirited, appetitive

54
Q

uses reason.

55
Q

in charge of emotions.

56
Q

Moral virtue is rooted in the intellect and leads to happiness.

57
Q

pursue desires.

A
  1. Appetitive
58
Q

Wisdom and knowledge lead to virtue which will lead to happiness.

59
Q

_____ lead to virtue which will lead to happiness.

A

WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE

60
Q

____ is rooted in the intellect and leads to happiness.

A

MORAL VIRTUE

61
Q

MIDDLE AGE AND RENAISSANCE

A

ST. AUGUSTINE, RENE DESCARTES, JOHN LOCKE

62
Q

“Let him that would move the world first move himself.”

63
Q

TWO ASPECTS OF BIFURCATED NATURE:

A
  1. Imperfect (earthly)
  2. capable of reaching immortality
63
Q

Man is of a bifurcated nature.

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

64
Q

Goal of the person: To attain communion with the divine.

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

65
Q

World of Materials (temporary)

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

66
Q

Real world (one where God is)

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

67
Q

All knowledge leads to God. - Only the pure in heart can see God.

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

68
Q

Love of God, faith in Him, and understanding of His Gospel will ultimately lead to happiness.

A

ST. AUGUSTINE

69
Q

Father of Modern Philosophy

A

RENE DESCARTES

70
Q

“I think, therefore, I am.”

A

RENE DESCARTES

71
Q

Doubts the existence of his own physical body.

A

RENE DESCARTES

72
Q

The mind and soul can exist without the body.

A

RENE DESCARTES

73
Q

Establishing the distinction of soul from the body can make people believe in the afterlife and the soul’s immortality.

A

RENE DESCARTES

74
Q

Our identity is not locked in the mind, soul or body only.

A

JOHN LOCKE

75
Q

He included the concept of person’s memory.

A

JOHN LOCKE

76
Q

It is in consciousness alone that identity exists, not in the body and soul.

A

JOHN LOCKE

77
Q

There is a distinction between man and person.

A

JOHN LOCKE

78
Q

Identity is explained in terms of psychological connection between life stages.

A

JOHN LOCKE

79
Q

The soul may change, but consciousness remains intact.

A

JOHN LOCKE

80
Q

Tabula Rasa

A

JOHN LOCKE

81
Q

MODERN TIMES

A

SIGMUND FREUD, GILBERT RYLE, MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY

82
Q

The ego is not master in its own house.

A

SIGMUND FREUD

82
Q

Man is governed by 2 drives: eros (life drive) Thanatos (death drive)

A

SIGMUND FREUD

83
Q

Three provinces of the mind: id, ego, superego

A

SIGMUND FREUD

84
Q

Man is governed by 2 drives:

A

eros (life drive) Thanatos (death drive)

85
Q

Three provinces of the mind:

A

id, ego, superego

86
Q

FREUD’S VIEW OF THE HUMAN MIND: THE MENTAL ICEBERG

A

CONSCIOUS LEVEL , SUBCONSCIOUS LEVEL, UNCONSCIOUS LEVEL

87
Q

CONSCIOUS LEVEL

A
  • Thoughts
  • Perceptions
88
Q

SUBCONSCIOUS LEVEL

A
  • Memories
  • Stored knowledge
89
Q

UNCONSCIOUS LEVEL

A
  • Fears
  • Violent motives
  • Unacceptable sexual desires
  • Irrational wishes
  • Immoral urges
  • Shameful experiences
  • Selfish needs
90
Q

“I act, therefore, I am.”

A

GILBERT RYLE

91
Q

His philosophy focuses on language.

A

GILBERT RYLE

92
Q

For him, philosophical difficulties arose solely because of linguistic difficulties caused by misinterpretation, misunderstanding, and so on.

A

GILBERT RYLE

93
Q

Denies the existence of internal, non-physical self.

A

GILBERT RYLE

94
Q

The mind is not the seat of the self.

A

GILBERT RYLE

95
Q

It is not a separate, parallel thing to our physical body.

A

GILBERT RYLE

96
Q

The self is NOT an entity once can locate. It is a name we use to refer to all behavior.

A

GILBERT RYLE

97
Q

both empiricism and intellectualism are flawed in nature.

A

MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY

98
Q

“We are our bodies.”

A

MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY

99
Q

Our bodily experiences do not detach the subject/object, mind/body, rational/irrational.

A

MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY

UTS L1-2 (1 decks)

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