Lesson 1 Flashcards
Which of the following is the storage form of glucose in the human body?
A) Starch
B) Cellulose
C) Glycogen
D) Chitin
C) Glycogen
What is the primary hormone responsible for decreasing blood glucose levels?
A) Glucagon
B) Cortisol
C) Insulin
D) Epinephrine
C) Insulin
Which of the following is NOT a disaccharide?
A) Sucrose
B) Lactose
C) Fructose
D) Maltose
C) Fructose
What is the normal fasting blood sugar (FBS) level?
A) <110 mg/dL
B) 110-126 mg/dL
C) >126 mg/dL
D) 140-160 mg/dL
A) <110mg/dL
Which glucose metabolic pathway provides energy by converting glucose to pyruvate or lactate?
A) Glycogenesis
B) Gluconeogenesis
C) Glycolysis
D) Pentose phosphate pathway
C) Glycolysis
The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for pregnant women typically uses how many grams of glucose?
A) 50g
B) 75g
C) 100g
D) 1.75g/kg body weight
C) 100g
Which of the following glucose testing methods is considered the reference method?
A) Glucose oxidase method
B) Hexokinase method
C) Copper reduction method
D) Benedict’s test
B) Hexokinase method
What condition is characterized by high blood glucose levels and can lead to complications such as nephropathy and retinopathy?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Diabetes Mellitus
C) Glycogen storage disease
D) Cushing’s syndrome
B) Diabetes Mellitus
Which inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism is due to a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase?
A) McArdle disease
B) Von Gierke disease
C) Pompe disease
D) Cori disease
B) Von Gierke disease
A patient presents with hypoglycemia. At what blood glucose level do symptoms of CNS dysfunction typically appear?
A) 70 mg/dL
B) 55 mg/dL
C) 40 mg/dL
D) 20-30 mg/dL
D) 20-30 mg/dL
What enzyme is responsible for the initial digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth?
A) Pepsin
B) Ptyalin
C) Amylopsin
D) Lipase
B) Ptyalin
Which hormone inhibits the release of both insulin and glucagon?
A) Somatostatin
B) Cortisol
C) Epinephrine
D) Growth Hormone
A) Somatostatin
Which glucose metabolic process involves the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?
A) Glycolysis
B) Gluconeogenesis
C) Glycogenesis
D) Glycogenolysis
D) Glycogenolysis
Which of the following is NOT a function of insulin?
A) Promotes glycogenesis
B) Stimulates lipogenesis
C) Inhibits glycolysis
D) Lowers blood glucose levels
C) Inhibits glycolysis
What is the term for the presence of glucose in the urine?
A) Ketonuria
B) Polyuria
C) Glycosuria
D) Hematuria
C) Glycosuria
Which carbohydrate disorder is associated with the deficiency of the enzyme lysosomal acid α-glucosidase?
A) McArdle disease
B) Pompe disease
C) Von Gierke disease
D) Cori disease
B) Pompe disease
Which of the following diagnostic criteria confirms diabetes mellitus?
A) FBS < 100 mg/dL
B) HbA1c < 5.7%
C) OGTT result ≥ 200 mg/dL
D) Random blood glucose < 140 mg/dL
C) OGTT result ≥ 200 mg/dL
What test is used to differentiate between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A) Glucose Tolerance Test
B) C-Peptide Test
C) Random Blood Sugar
D) Fructosamine Test
B) C-Peptide Test
The normal reference range for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is:
A) < 6.5%
B) 6.5 - 7.5%
C) > 8%
D) < 4%
A) <6.5%
Which enzyme is deficient in McArdle disease, affecting glycogen breakdown in muscles?
A) Glycogen phosphorylase
B) Glucose-6-phosphatase
C) Phosphofructokinase
D) Glycogen branching enzyme
A) Glycogen phosphorylase
Which of the following is a ketose sugar?
A) Glucose
B) Galactose
C) Fructose
D) Maltose
c) Fructose
What is the primary function of glucose in the body?
A) Structural support
B) Enzyme production
C) Energy source
D) Fat storage
C) Energy Source
What metabolic pathway is responsible for converting glucose into glycogen for storage?
A) Glycolysis
B) Glycogenolysis
C) Glycogenesis
D) Gluconeogenesis
C) Glycogenesis
Which of the following is the correct classification of maltose?
A) Monosaccharide
B) Disaccharide
C) Polysaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
B) Disaccharide
