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Soil Fertliliy > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the quality of the soil to provide optimum level of nutrients for plant growth.

A

Soil Fertility

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2
Q
  • [x] the ability of a soil to support crop production determined by the entire spectrum of its physical, chemical and biological attributes.
A

Soil Productivity

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3
Q
  • [x] German scientist formulated the “Law of the Minimum,” which states that if one of the essential deficient, plant growth will be poor even essential
A

Justus Von Liebig

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4
Q
  • [x] Plants require nutrients?also called ’ ? which assist with different plant functions for growth and reproduction.
A

17 nutrients
Essential Elements

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5
Q

-Mobile Nutrients

A

-potassium
-phosphorus
-magnesium

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6
Q

Immobile Nutrients

A

Nickel
Boron
Zinc
Iron

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7
Q

immediate between mobile and immobile

A

Sulfur

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8
Q
  • What are the major components of organic compounds
A

Carbon,Hydrogen,Oxygen

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9
Q
  • Constituent of carbohydrates; necessary for photosynthesis
A

Carbon

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10
Q
  • [x] Maintains osmotic balance important in numerous reactions
A

Hydrogen

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11
Q
  • [x] Constitute of carbohydrates necessary for respiration
A

Oxygen

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12
Q
  • [x] Needed by plants in large amount
A

Macro minerals

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13
Q

Constituent of proteins, chlorophyll and nucleic acids. The most limiting element in crop

A

Nitrogen

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14
Q

Constituent of many proteins, coenzymes, nucleic acids and metabolic substrates cell division, cell enlargement and transfer of genetic information

A

Phosphorus

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15
Q
  • [x] Involved with photosynthesis, carbohydrate translocation, protein synthesis ( regulating the close and opening of stomata) guard cells Generation of ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate)
A

Potassium

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16
Q

component of cell walls Plays a role in the structure and permeability of membrane

A

Calcium

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17
Q
  • Enzyme activator, Metal Component of chlorophyll molecule Part of middle lamella
A

Magnesium

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18
Q
  • [x] Important component of ysteine, methionine and thus plant proteins
A

Sulfur

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19
Q
  • [x] Involved with enzyme systems that regulate various metabolic activities Needed in synthesis of auxin (plant hormone that regulates growth)and usually deficient in
A

Zinc

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20
Q

Shortening of inter nodes

A

Ressetting

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21
Q
  • [x] Important in sugar translocation and carbohydrate metabolism
A

Boron

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22
Q
  • [x] Controls several oxidation-reduction systems and photosynthesis Needed in chlorophyll synthesis
A

Manganese

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23
Q
  • [x] Involved with chlorophyll synthesis and in enzymes for electron transfer
A

Iron

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24
Q

catalyst for respiration Same with Iron, it is associated with enzyme activation and electron transport

A

Copper

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25
Q

Involved with nitrogen fixation and transforming reduction of nitrate to amino acid) nitrate to ammonium. Usually deficient in acid upland soil

A

Molybdenum

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26
Q
  • [x] containing enzyme Urea is not a fertiliser, but when it is hydrolysed in soil it produces ammonium and the nitrogen becomes available to plants.
A

Nickel

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27
Q
  • [x] Involved with oxygen production in photosynthesis Regulation of osmotic pressure Aids transportation magnesium, calcium, and potassium within plant
28
Q
  • [x] involved in the chemical breakdown of water
29
Q

mostly closely associated with physiological functions

30
Q
  • Enzyme activation and ionic
31
Q

Components of limestone and dolomite’s

32
Q

energy storage and transfer

33
Q

basic structures (cell wall)

34
Q

Ions are adsored by roots from the soil solution

A

Soil Solution theory

35
Q

Ions are adsored from surface to soil colloids

A

Contact Exchange Theory

36
Q
  • [Principal mechanism by which a nutrient ion reaches the root soil interface area
A

Root Interception
Mass Flow
Root interception

37
Q
  • When nutrients dissolved in soil water transported to root surface
38
Q
  • Movement of nutrients from higher to lower consentration
39
Q

process wherein there is an intimate contact with soil surface

A

Contact Exchange

40
Q
  • [x] The nutrients absorbed by the root as they ramify through the soil
A

Root interception

41
Q
  • [x] Factors affecting root interception
A

Dry Soil
Compaction
Low soil ph
Poor aeration
High or low temperature

42
Q

-Any substance applied to a soil

A

Fertilizer

43
Q

Mass flow driven by

A

Evaporation
Transpiration
Percolation

44
Q

Fertilizer is classified to

A

Organic
Inorganic

45
Q

4rs Application

A

Right Rate
Right timing
Right Placement
Right source

46
Q

early or vegetative stage

47
Q
  • Budding flowering fruiting
A

Complete fertilizer

48
Q

Fruiting Stage

A

Muriate Fotash

49
Q
  • [x] Fertilizer product animal and plants origin
A

Organic Fertilizer

50
Q
  • Most abundant crop residue
A

Rice Straw

51
Q
  • [x] High in nitrogen content can also be used as green manure
52
Q
  • [x] Leaves have more than 4% nitrogen
53
Q
  • [x] Mixture of excreta and solid beddings
A

Farm Manure

54
Q
  • [x] Refers to bat excreta
55
Q
  • [x] decomposed plant or animal materials to which decomposing activators may have been added to hasten decomposition
A

Pure Organic

56
Q
  • [x] organic fertilizer material which had been enriched with microbial inoculants, hormones, and/or chemical additive
A

Fortified Organic Matter

57
Q

fertilizer product whose properties are determined primarily by bits content of mineral matter or synthetic chemical compounds. I

A

Inorganic Fertilizer

58
Q

Type of inorganic fertilizer

A

Single Nutrient Fertilizer
Multi Nutrient Fertilizer
Complete Fertilizer

59
Q

may be applied on the row below the seed level or slightly on the side of the seed

A

Band Placement

60
Q

technique of feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to the leaves; usually employed in plantations such as pineapple or banana.

A

Foliar Application

61
Q

fertilizer is applied along the bottom of furrow.

A

In the row

62
Q
  • [x] 5.- fertilizer is applied around the base of the plant or tree.
63
Q

fertilizer is dropped in holes around the tree.

64
Q
  • fertilizer is dropped in small amount on the side of each hill or plant
65
Q

applied just one day before sowing or planting and mixed or drilled it n the soil

66
Q

applications of fertilizer after plants have emerged.

67
Q
  • application of fertilizer dissolved in irrigation
A

Feertigation

Soil Fertliliy (1 decks)

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