Lesson 1 Flashcards
•Also called embryonic tissues
• Tissues in which cells actively divide
• They are responsible for the production of more cells
• These tissues can be found in root tips, shoots, buds, and any place where new growth occurs.
Meristematic Tissues
located at tips of a plant’s shoots and roots
Apical Meristem
located along the sides of some roots and stems
Lateral Meristem
located in the vicinity of nodes (leaf attachment areas)
Intercalary Meristem
Tissues derived from the meristems that have already assumed various shapes and sizes.
• Tissues that have become mature and do not have the ability to divide further
Permanent Tissues
are tissues that are mostly composed of only one kind of cell. These cells are uniform in function and structure
Simple Permanent Tissues
are tissues that are mostly composed of only one kind of cell. These cells are uniform in function and structure
Simple Permanent Tissues
are tissues that are composed of several kinds of cells working together to perform a specific function in the body. two kinds of complex permanent tissues are the xylem and phloem
Complex Permanent Tissues
Are the most abundant of all the tissue types found in almost all major parts of higher plants
Parenchyma
Helps to provide strength to the plant’s stems, branches, leaves, and other structures. This allows plants to grow up without breaking from the weight of their own body.
Collenchyma
are usually dead cells that have heavily thickened secondary walls containing lignin.
Sclerenchyma
the outermost layer of cells found in all young plant organs
Epidermis
outermost covering of old stems and old roots of woody dicot plants
Cork
produce hormones or waste products that are no longer important
Secretory Tissues
It is the outer protective covering of the plants. It begins as a parenchyma cells, which form various type of cells to protect plants from physical damage and dissecation or drying out.
Dermal Tissue
the layer of dermal tissue where it close together with the cells to produce a secondary boundary.
Epidermis
a protective new tissue mainly consisting of nonliving cork cells, replaces the epidermis of the stem and roots in plants that live more than one growing year, protecting the plant from predators and water loss.
Periderm
a Greek word for hair, are hair-like extensions produced by modified dermal cells.
Trichomes
continuous system of tissues that conduct water, minerals, and food-consists of two complex tissues xylem and phloem.
Vascular Tissue
•It brings water and mineral nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant.
• made out of dead cells
• cell walls have lignin( which make woody plants so stiff and strong)
Xylem
•moves sugars and other organic nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant. In other words, phloem carries the food produced by
photosynthesis.
• made out of living cells.
Phloem
is the fundamental tissue system in plants, consists of all the tissues other than the vascular tissue system and the dermal tissue system.
Ground Tissue
store carbohydrates (like starch), water, and other nutrients like proteins and lipids, enabling plants to survive periods of stress, fuel their growth, and thrive in various environments.
Parenchyma Cells
are esponsible for providing mechanical support to the growing parts of plants, particularly young stems, petioles (leaf stalks), and the outer layers of leaf veins.
Collenchyma Cells
These cells have the thickest and most rigid cell walls, often containing lignin, a tough substance that provides strength and rigidity.
Sclerenchyma Cells
•is derived from the Latin word
Apex meaning tip.
• It divides rapidly making the shoot and the root of the plant longer, this is termed as primary growth
• The cells of the shoot and root apical meristem are considered to be indeterminate’ which means that they do not possess any defined end fate.
Apical Meristem
•also known as “lateral bud” is responsible for increasing the width of the
Active apical bud.
plant.
•these buds can grow into side shoots or branches, allowing the plant to spread
Dormant - axillary buds
out and capture more sunlight.
Axillary Bud
•also known as “lateral bud” is responsible for increasing the width of the
Active apical bud.
plant.
•these buds can grow into side shoots or branches, allowing the plant to spread
Dormant - axillary buds
out and capture more sunlight.
Axillary Bud
• is the most important plant growth hormone.
• are responsible for promoting cell elongation and controlling the direction of growth. They
produced primarily in the tips of the plant and are transported downwards to the lower parts.
Auxin
