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Gen0004 (Electricity and Electronics) > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Electric Charge?

A

It is a electrical property that is either positive (proton) or negative (electron)

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2
Q

How is charge measured?

A

In Columbs

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3
Q

What is a fundamental charge?

A

The electric charge possessed by a single proton, or an elecron.

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4
Q

How much is 1 coloumb of charge in protons as one fundamental charge?

A

6.25x10^18=1.6x10^-19 C

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5
Q

What is Electric Current

A

The rate of flow of charge

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6
Q

Where does current flow

A

Current flows from the positive terminal to the negative terminal

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7
Q

Where does electrons flow

A

Flows from the negative to positive terminal

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8
Q

What is the SI unit of curret

A

Ampere (A)

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9
Q

What is the formula of current

A

Current=Charge/Time
I=Q/T

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10
Q

What is Electric Potential

A

The potential (or voltage) at a point with respect to a reference point (ground) in the electrical system.

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11
Q

What is required for electric charges in a medium?

A

Voltage is required

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12
Q

What is the Si units of voltage?

A

Volt (V)

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13
Q

What is the formula of voltage?

A

Voltage=Work/Charge
V=W/Q

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14
Q

What is potential difference?

A

The algebraic difference in a potential (or voltage difference between two points in a electrical circuit

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15
Q

What is the SI unit for potential difference ( Difference in Voltage)

A

Volt (V)

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16
Q

What is the Formula for Potential Difference

A

Difference in V=Current x Resistance
Change in V=IR

17
Q

What is Electromotive Force (EMF)

A

Primary source of electrical energy without internal resistance.
Examples: Batteries, dry cells, solar panels and generators

18
Q

What is the SI unit for EMF

A

Volt (V)

19
Q

What is the formula for EMF

A

𝐸𝑀𝐹=βˆ†π‘‰+πΌπ‘Ÿ Volts –>Conservation of Energy

20
Q

What is Ground (GND)

A

A Ground (GND) is a reference point in an electrical circuit that serves as a safety and reference point for voltages.
Providing a path for excess current to safely dissipate into the earth, protecting against electrical faults.
The Ground (GND) is linked to the earth physically.

21
Q

What is the difference between GND and COM

A

it may not be connected to the earth directly. For example, a digital multimeter.

22
Q

What is Electric Resistance?

A

The opposition to the movement of electrical charges.

23
Q

What are the sources of Electric Resistance?

A

Sources: Insulators, resistors, and hot wires

24
Q

What is the SI unit for resistance?

A

S.I unit: Ohm (Ω)

25
Q

What is the formula for Resitance?

A

Formula: 𝑅=𝑉/𝐼 Ohms

26
Q

Another formula for resistance?

A

Alternatively, R can be expressed as 𝑅=πœŒπ‘™/𝐴

27
Q

What is Electrical Energy?

A

The amount of energy used to move charged particles through a wire.

28
Q

What is the SI unit for electrical energy?

A

S.I unit: Joule (J)

29
Q

What is the formula for electrical energy?

A

Formula: π‘Š=𝑉𝑄 π‘œπ‘Ÿ π‘Š=𝑉𝐼𝑑 Joules

30
Q

What is Electrical Power?

A

The rate of electrical energy transferred by an electric circuit.

31
Q

What is the SI unit for Electrical Power

A

SI unit Watt (W)

32
Q

What is the formula for Electrical Power

A

Formula: 𝑃=π‘Š/𝑑 π‘œπ‘Ÿ 𝑉𝑄/𝑑 π‘œπ‘Ÿ 𝑉𝐼 π‘œπ‘Ÿ 𝐼^2 𝑅 π‘œπ‘Ÿ 𝑉^2/𝑅 Watts

33
Q

What is a Short Circuit?

A

A short circuit occurs when an electrical current flows through an unintended path with very little (or zero) resistance.

34
Q

What are the risks of a short circuit?

A

Often leads to excessive current flow, which can generate heat, damage components, pose safety risks or cause fires.

34
Q

When does a short circuit occur?

A

This usually happens when two points in a circuit that should not be directly connected come into contact (faulty wiring, damaged insulation, wrong connections etc.), allowing current to bypass the intended load.

35
Q

What is the formula for resistance in a series connection?

A

Total resistance, 𝑅_π‘ π‘’π‘š=𝑅_1+𝑅_2+𝑅_3

36
Q

What is the formula for resistance in a parallel connection?

A

Total resistance, 𝑅_π‘ π‘’π‘š can be determined by 1/𝑅_π‘ π‘’π‘š =1/𝑅_1 +1/𝑅_2 +1/𝑅_3

37
Q

Formula linking Voltage Energy and Charge

A

Energy=Voltage x Charge

38
Q
A

Gen0004 (Electricity and Electronics) (2 decks)

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