Lesson 1 Flashcards
A global network of computer networks using TCP/IP that connects computers worldwide.
The Internet
The protocol responsible for addressing and forwarding individual packets over the Internet.
IP (Internet Protocol)
The first network created by ARPA, which laid the foundation for the modern Internet.
ARPANET
A unique numerical identifier assigned to each computer connected to the Internet, consisting of four sets of numbers separated by periods.
IP Address
This term describes how data is transmitted over the Internet in small packets, taking the best available path to the destination.
Packet Switching
The graphical web browser that gained popularity in the 1990s and helped make the Internet accessible to casual users.
Mosaic
A naming system that translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses.
Domain Name System (DNS)
A computer on the Internet that has a unique IP address and participates in sending or receiving data.
Host
A system that consists of a client making requests and a server fulfilling those requests in a network environment.
Client-Server Model
The acronym for the protocol used to transfer files between computers on the Internet.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
A directory and file system used in URLs to specify the exact location of a resource.
Path
The protocol used to access and transmit documents on the Web.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
The process of converting domain names into IP addresses so computers can communicate.
Domain Name Resolver
The general name for top-level domain names that identify types of organizations, such as “.edu” for educational institutions and “.com” for commercial businesses.
Generic Top-Level Domains (TLDs)
The protocol used to send and manage electronic mail.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
This term is often used to refer to the Internet, highlighting its vast information-sharing capabilities.
Information Superhighway or World Wide Web
A communication protocol that allows users to log on to a remote computer.
Telnet Protocol
The protocol responsible for flow control and packet recovery in the transmission of data.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
The US Department of Defense agency that initiated research into interconnecting remote computers, leading to the development of ARPANET.
ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency)
The organization of two components: the client that sends the request and the server that processes and responds to the request.
Client-Server Architecture
A unique address that specifies the location of a resource on the Web, often including protocol, domain name, and path.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
The protocol used to transfer files and data between a client and a server.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
The backbone network that connected universities and research organizations, playing a major role in the early expansion of the Internet.
NSFNET (National Science Foundation Network)
A directory on the Web that helps users navigate resources via menu selections, although it is largely obsolete now.
Gopher Protocol
