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Operating Systems > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the set of instructions

A

software

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2
Q

importance of software

A

without it, most hardware would be non-functional

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3
Q

types of software

A

application software, system software, and development software

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4
Q

designed to perform specific tasks for users

A

application software

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5
Q

This includes the operating system and all utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level

A

system software

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6
Q

tools that developers use to create, test, and maintain other software programs

A

development software

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7
Q

acts as a communication bridge (interface) between the user and computer hardware.

A

operating system

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8
Q

first PC in market

A

IBM - International Business Machine

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9
Q

first OS

A

DOS - Disk Operating System

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10
Q

Batch processing

A

Early OS (1950s-1960s)

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11
Q

Introduction of time-sharing systems (e.g., Unix)

A

1960s-1970s

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12
Q

Development of graphical user interfaces

A

1980s

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13
Q

Growth of mobile operating systems, introduction of networked OS, and popularization of open-source systems

A

1990s-2000s

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14
Q

Rise of cloud-based OS, IoT (Internet of Things) devices with embedded OS, and advancements in real-time and secure OS.

A

2010s-Present

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15
Q

Handles the creation, scheduling, and termination of processes.

A

Process Management

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16
Q

Manages computer memory, allocating space for programs and ensuring that different programs do not interfere with each other’s memory.

A

Memory Management

17
Q

main storage of PC

A

Primary Storage ; RAM(Random Access Memory)

18
Q

laser technology

A

DisC

19
Q

magnetic technology

A

DisK

20
Q

Manages data storage, including file organization, storage, retrieval, naming, sharing, and protection of files.

A

File System Management

21
Q

It protects data and resources through authentication (e.g., usernames and passwords).

A

Security and Access Control

22
Q

Manages device communication via their respective drivers

A

Device Management

23
Q

Provides a way for users to interact with the computer

A

User Interface

24
Q

2 types of user interface

A

command-line-interpreter(CLI) or graphical user interface (GUI).

25
Q

Manages network communications, facilitating data exchange between computers over networks.

A

Networking

26
Q

2 Key components of operating system

A

shell and kernel

27
Q

an interface present between the kernel and the user.

A

shell

28
Q

a type of low-level program that has its interfacing with the hardware on top of which all the applications run (disks, RAM, CPU, etc.).

A

Kernel

Operating Systems (2 decks)

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