Lesson 1 Flashcards
General and abstract
Philosophy
Way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society
Philosophy
works by asking very basic questions
Philosophy
Means “love”
Philo
Sophia/Sofia :______
Wisdom
Considered as the “love of wisdom”
Pythagoras
5 Branches of Philosophy
Metaphysics
Ethics
Epistemology
Logic
Aesthetic
Questions or studies reality and existence
Metaphysics
Moral philosophy ; concerned with what is good
Ethics
Deals with concept of knowledge, how we learn and what we know
Epistemology
Rules of valid reasoning
Logic
Basic to complex; one of the two basic type of reasoning/learning
Induction
Learning through sensation (5 senses) and/or environment
Empiricism
Pioneered his idea of Tabula Rasa
John Locke
“the human mind at birth starts at a clean state”
Tabula Rasa
Complex to basic
Deduction
Knowledge is based upon reason itself which already is innate (reasoning based on what you already know in the beginning)
Rationalism
one of the major rational thinkers or rationalists; said “cogito ergo sum”
Rene Descartes
“cogito ergo sum”
“I think, therefore I am”
Deals with notion of beauty
Aesthetics
Remembered for his big contribution in Cosmology
Heraclitus
Heraclitus believed at ___ forms the basic material principle of an orderly universe
Fire
The Greek Triumvirates
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
3 steps of Socratic method
- Give initial reaction/opinion
- Ask a question that races an exception to that definition or opinion
- Give a better definition or opinion
First moral philosophers
Socrates
cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals
Socratic method
He believes that you can separate the soul and the body; presented Allegory of the Cave
Plato
Introduced the idea that the physical world is not real
Plato
Physical world we live in is a poor imitation of real world
Theory of Forms
Believed that man is a single essence; Golden mean
Aristotle
Golden mean
Do nothing in excess
