lesson 1

Question 1

involves
the investigation of the
relationship between the
structure and properties of
materials

Answer 1

Materials science

Question 2

WHY STUDY MATERIALS SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING?

Answer 2

in-service conditions must be characterized,
deterioration of material properties
economics:

Question 2

deals
with the modification of
structure to produce desired
set of properties.

Answer 2

Materials engineering

Question 3

Material Structure and Properties

Answer 3

Structure
Property

Question 4

of a material usually
relates to the arrangement of its
internal components

Answer 4

Structure

Question 5

is a material trait in terms
of the kind and magnitude of
response to a specific imposed
stimulus.

Answer 5

Property

Question 6

Properties of Materials

Answer 6

Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Magnetic
Optical
Deteriorative

Question 6

hardness, tensile
strength, malleability

Answer 6

Mechanical

Question 7

electric conductivity

Answer 7

Electrical

Question 8

thermal conductivity

Answer 8

Thermal

Question 9

paramagnetism,
diamagnetism

Answer 9

Magnetic

Question 10

refraction, absorption,
reflection

Answer 10

Optical

Question 11

corrosion
resistance

Answer 11

Deteriorative

Question 12

FOUR COMPONENTS OF Mat Sci and Eng’g

Answer 12

PROCESSING
STRUCTURE
PROPERTY
PERFORMANCE

Question 13

Classification of Materials

Answer 13

METALS
CERAMICS
POLYMERS
COMPOSITES

Question 14

Materials in this group
are composed of one or
more metallic elements
and often also
non-metallic elements
in relatively
small amounts.

Answer 14

Metals

Question 15

are compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements; they are most
frequently oxides, nitrides, and carbides.

Answer 15

Ceramics

Question 16

common ceramic materials include

Answer 16

aluminium oxide
silicon dioxide
silicon carbide
silicon nitride

Question 17

include the familiar plastic and rubber materials. Many of them are organic
compounds that are chemically based on carbon, hydrogen, and other nonmetallic elements

Answer 17

Polymers

Question 17

ceramic materials are relatively
_____ and _____—stiffness and strengths are comparable to those of the metals.
they are typically very hard and are highly susceptible to _____

Answer 17

1.stiff and strong to fracture

Question 18

mechanical characteristics are generally dissimilar to the metallic and ceramic materials—they
are not as stiff nor as strong as these other material types

Answer 18

polymers

Question 19

is composed of two (or more) individual materials, which come
from the categories previously discussed—metals, ceramics, and polymers.

Answer 19

Composite

Question 20

fiberglass is

Answer 20

stiff, strong, flexible and low
density

Question 21

These materials typically have low densities

Answer 21

Polymers

Question 22

Materials that are utilized in high-technology (or high-tech) applications are sometimes termed

Answer 22

Advanced Materials

Question 23

have electrical properties that are intermediate between the electrical
conductors (i.e., metals and metal alloys) and insulators (i.e., ceramics and
polymers)

Answer 23

Semiconductors

Question 24

are employed in components implanted into the human body to replace
diseased or damaged body parts. These materials must not produce toxic substances
and must be compatible with body tissues (i.e., must not cause adverse
biological reactions).

Answer 24

Biomaterials

Question 25

materials are a group of new and state-of-the-art materials now
being developed that will have a significant influence on many of our technologies.

Answer 25

Smart Materials

Question 26

may be called upon to change shape, position, natural frequency,
or mechanical characteristics in response to changes in temperature, electric
fields, and/or magnetic fields

Answer 26

Actuators

Question 27

may be any one of the four basic types—metals, ceramics, polymers, and
composites. However, unlike these other materials, they are not distinguished on the basis
of their chemistry, but rather, size;

Answer 27

Nanomaterials

Question 28

– good conductors of
electricity and heat

Answer 28

METALS

Question 29

low thermal and
electrical conductivity, brittle

Answer 29

CERAMICS

Question 30

low electrical
conductivities and are nonmagnetic

Answer 30

POLYMERS