LESSON 1

Question 1

a branch of biology, focuses on the regular functions of living organisms and their components.

Answer 1

Physiology

Question 2

is a group of muscle tissues
which contract together to produce a force.

Answer 2

muscle

Question 3

sent from the brain along a bundle of nerves.

Answer 3

signal

Question 4

uses ATP as an energy source to crawl along the green filament, actin.

Answer 4

Myosin

Question 5

can be used by the body for fuel or for anabolic processes.

Answer 5

Protein

Question 6

are those that build up the
body

Answer 6

Anabolic processes

Question 7

are those that break
down the body.

Answer 7

catabolic processes

Question 8

It is recommended that athletes consume 20-30% of calories as fat.

Answer 8

Fat

Question 9

are the main source of fuel for athletes, especially those participating in endurance sports.

Answer 9

Carbohydrates

Question 10

is a crucial part of our diet that is often overlooked due to its lack of “substance”

Answer 10

Water Intake

Question 11

lowers both sodium and the
volume-dependent part of the thirst drive (making one less thirsty).

Answer 11

Blood dilution

Question 12

Strenuous exercise can
produce free radicals that cause damage to all of our cells.

Answer 12

VITAMINS AND MINERALS

Question 13

Athletes are at risk for developing some common
nutrient deficiencies/health problems, including:

Answer 13

The B vitamins
Iron-deficiency anemia
Osteoporosis
Intense and lengthy exercise

Question 14

The increased energy metabolism seen with athletes creates a need for more of the B vitamins that serve as helpers in the energy production cycle.

Answer 14

The B vitamins

Question 15

is not frequently seen among athletes, but suboptimal iron stores are common.

Answer 15

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 16

can become a problem in females who exercise strenuously enough.

Answer 16

Osteoporosis

Question 17

It contains full reflex circuits for control of intestinal motility, fluid transport, blood flow and nutrient handling.

Answer 17

neural control

Question 18

is part of autonomic nervous system.

Answer 18

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 19

This can include control of heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, urination and sweating, among other functions.

Answer 19

“automatic” nervous system

Question 20

also called the somatomotor or somatic efferent nervous system, supplies motor impulses to the skeletal muscles.

Answer 20

Somatic nervous system

Question 21

Because these nerves permit conscious control of the skeletal muscles, it is sometimes called the

Answer 21

voluntary nervous system

Question 22

are factors or signals that cause blood vessels to narrow, leading to a reduction in diameter.

Answer 22

Vasoconstrictor stimuli

Question 23

are medicines that open, also called dilate, blood vessels.

Answer 23

Vasodilators

Question 24

IS SIMPLY THE NUMBER OF CALORIES YOUR BODY USES

Answer 24

ENERGY EXPENDITURE

Question 25

DEFINES THE TOLERABLE DURATION OF HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE.

Answer 25

CRITICAL POWER