LESSON 1 Flashcards
the science, which deals with the occurrence, distribution and disposal of water on the planet earth; it is the science which deals with the various phases of the hydrologic cycle.
Hydrology
includes those segment of the very broad field of hydrology pertinent to the design and operation of engineering projects for the control and use of water.
Engineering Hydrology
TRUE OR FALSE. The hydrologic cycle has importance influence in a variety of fields agriculture, forestry, geography, economics, sociology, and political scene.
TRUE
the area of land draining in to a stream or a water course at a given location
catchment area/ drainage area/ drainage basin/ watershed
an artificial lake where water is stored.
reservoir
TRUE OR FALSE. Most reservoirs are formed by constructing dams across rivers.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE. A reservoir can also be formed from a natural lake whose outlet has been dammed to control the water level.
TRUE
The analysis that expresses over any time period, water input to an area must equal output and changes in storage
WATER BALANCE EQUATION
TRUE OR FALSE. The water balance equation observes the law of conservation of mass.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE. Water balance equation is also called continuity equation or conservation equation.
TRUEA
is a continuous process by which water is purified by evaporation and transported from the earth’s surface (including the oceans) to the atmosphere and back to the land and oceans.
Water Cycle
liquid and solid water particles that fall from clouds and reach the ground. These particles include drizzle, rain, snow, snow pellets, ice crystals, and hail.
Percipitation
When precipitation is produced when moist air is lifted as it moves over a mountain range, it is called
Orographic Percipitation
it is the conversion of water vapor into liquid droplets.
Condensation
TRUE OR FALSE. Rainfall intensity is defined as the ratio of the total amount of rain (rainfall depth) falling during a given period to the duration of the period It is expressed in depth units per unit time, usually as mm per hour (mm/h)
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE. In a cold front cold air and warm air masses are drawn simultaneously towards low pressure areas
FALSE. in a cold front, cold air mass drives out a warm air mass
a small particle (as of dust) upon which water vapor condenses in the atmosphere.
condensation nucleus
TRUE OR FALSE. Depth refers to the length of time rainfall occurs.
FALSE
Which of the following is not used to compute the average rainfall over a basin or catchment area.
Double Mass Analysis Method
TRUE OR FALSE. Isohyetal Analysis method assumes that rainfall at any point within the polygon is the same as that of the nearest gauge. For this method, all the gauges in and around the basin are considered.
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE. A warm front occurs at the leading edge of a warm air mass that is moving to replace a cooler air mass.
TRUE
This type of precipitation is caused when two air masses of different temperatures meet, where one will rise over the other and create a front with clouds that produce heavy rains to follow shortly after.
Cyclonic
it is a weather front or transition zone between two air masses (cold and warm), when neither air mass is advancing into the other.
stationary front
TRUE OR FALSE. a self- recording rain- gauge records the daily rainfall
FALSE. RECORDS THE HOURLY RAINFALL
This type of precipitation occurs due to natural rising of warm lighter air with vapors into the colder and denser region.
convective
Mechanism for Formation of Precipitation that lift air mass to higher altitudes causing cooling of air
Lifting and Cooling
Mechanism of Formation of Precipitation which converts water vapor into liquid droplet
condesation
mechanism for formation of precipitation that involves growth of droplets is required if the liquid water
droplet formation
defined as the ratio of the total amount of rain falling during a given period to the duration
rainfall intensity
graphical representation of the distribution of rainfall intensity over time
hyetograph
gauge that gives total rainfall occurred during particular time period
non-recording type rain-gauge
