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General Chemistry: Introduction to Chemistry > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

It is the science of the 21st Century

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Chemistry is often called

A

The “Central Science”

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3
Q

Chemistry, from the Greek word khēmeia meaning?

A

“cast together” or “pour together”

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4
Q

Considered to be the “father of modern science”

A

Democritus
(460 BC - 370 BC)

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5
Q

The smallest unit of matter which still retains the identity and properties of that matter

A

Atom

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6
Q

He rejected Democritus

A

Aristotle
(384 BC - 322 BC)

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7
Q

Aristotle believed in four elements, which is?

A

Earth, Air, Fire, and Water

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8
Q

He studied anatomy, astronomy, embryology, geography, geology, meteorology, physics, and zoology

A

Aristotle

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9
Q

Alexander the Great had conquered Egypt in?

A

332 BC

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10
Q

The word Alchemy came from the word Khemia, which means?

A

Egypt

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11
Q

It covers several philosophical traditions spanning some four millennia and three continents

A

Alchemy (PART 1)
(300 BC - 500 BC)

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12
Q
A

Antoine Lavoisier
(1743 - 1794)

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12
Q

Father of Modern Chemistry because he relied on quantitative observation to develop conclusions.

A

Antoine Lavoisier
(1743 - 1794)

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13
Q

Antoine Lavoisier discovered the law of?

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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14
Q

He discovered that electrical charges come in 2 varieties - positive and negative. Like charges repel, opposite charges attract.

A

Benjamin Franklin
(1752)

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15
Q

The Law of Definite Proportions was introduced by?

A

Joseph Louis Proust
(1754)

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16
Q

Father of Atomic Theory

A

John Dalton
(1766 - 1844)

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17
Q

He discovered radioactivity in Uranium ore.

A

Henri Becquerel
(1903)

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18
Q

They discovered and isolated polonium and radium from uranium ores.

A

Marie and Pierre curie
(1903)

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19
Q

He calculated the mass and charge of an electron. He was an Americal experimental physicist honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923

A

Robert Andrews Millikan
(1910)

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20
Q

He discovered the neutron and he won the nobel prize in 1935

A

James Chadwick
(1935)

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21
Q

It is the study of the substances, specially their structure, properties, transformations and the energy changes accompanying these transformation.

A

Chemistry

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22
Q

Uses of chemistry

A

Industries and transport
Food security and agriculture
Science and technology
Cooking
Cleaning
Medicine
Environmental issues
Polymers
Building materials

23
Q

It is the study of compounds that contain the elements carbon and hydrogen

A

Organic Chemistry

24
Q

Involves the study of the structure properties, and preparation of chemical compounds that consist primarily of carbon and hydrogen.

A

Organic Chemistry

25
Q

The design, development, and synthesis of medicinal drugs

A

Medicinal Chemistry

26
Q

The study of chemical compounds containing bonds between carbon and a metal

A

Organometallic Chemistry

27
Q

The study of the chemistry of polymers

A

Polymer Chemistry

28
Q

The study of the interrelationships between structure and reactivity in organic molecules

A

Physical Organic Chemistry

29
Q

The study of the spatial arrangements of atoms in molecules and their effects on the chemical and physical properties of substances

A

Stereochemistry

30
Q

The study of compounds that are made of only one or no carbon elements. It covers all chemical compounds except organic compounds. It study things such as crystal structures, minerals, metals, catalysts, and most elements in the Periodic Table.

A

Inorganic chemistry

31
Q

The study of the interaction of metal ions with living tissue, mainly through their direct effect on enzyme activity.

A

Bioinorganic chemistry

32
Q

The study of the chemical composition and changes in rocks, minerals, and atmosphere of the earth or a celestial body

A

Geochemistry

33
Q

The study of radioactive substances

A

Nuclear chemistry

34
Q

The study of chemical compounds containing bonds between carbon and a metal

A

Organometallic chemistry

35
Q

The study of the synthesis, structure, and properties of solid materials

A

Solid-state chemistry

36
Q

It is the study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials. It involves the qualitative and quantitative determination of the chemical components of substances

A

Analytical chemistry

37
Q

The application of chemical principles, techniques, and methods to the investigation of crime

A

Forensic chemistry

38
Q

the study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in the environment. it relies heavily on analytical chemistry and includes atmospheric, aquatic, and soil chemistry

A

Environmental chemistry

39
Q

The examination of biological materials such as blood, urine, hair, saliva, and sweat to detect the presence of specific drugs

A

Bioanalytical Chemistry

40
Q

Chemistry that relies on a lot of physics and math to study the changes in energy that happen to matter

A

Physical Chemistry

41
Q

The study of the chemical changes caused by light

A

Photochemistry

42
Q

The study of chemical reactions at surfaces of substances. It includes topics like adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, formation of colloids, corrosion, electrode processes, and chromatography.

A

Surface chemistry

43
Q

The study of the rates of chemical reactions, the factors affecting those rates, and the mechanism by which the reactions proceed.

A

Chemical kinetics

44
Q

The mathematical description of the motion and interaction of subatomic particles

A

Quantum chemistry

45
Q

The use of absorption, emission, or scattering of electromagnetic radiation by matter to study the matter or the chemical processes it undergoes

A

Spectroscopy

46
Q

It is the study of chemistry in biological processes of all living organisms

A

Biochemistry

47
Q

The study of the interactions between the various systems of a cell, such as the different types of DNA, RNA, and protein biosynthesis

A

Molecular biology

48
Q

The study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms

A

Genetics

49
Q

The study of mechanisms of drug action and the influence of drugs on an organism

A

Pharmacology

50
Q

A sub-branch of pharmacology that studies the effects of poisons on living organisms

A

Toxicology

51
Q

The study of the changes that disease causes in the chemical composition and biochemical processes of the body.The

A

Clinical biochemistry

52
Q

The study of chemistry that occurs in plants, animals, and microorganisms

A

Agricultural biochemistry

53
Q

It is the study of radioactive elements, nuclear processes and nuclear properties

A

Nuclear chemistry

54
Q

It is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles or radiation

A

Radioactive decay

55
Q

It is the preparation, characterization, and understanding of substances with a useful function

A

Materials chemistry

General Chemistry: Introduction to Chemistry (1 decks)

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