Lesson 1 Flashcards
What is data?
- Factual information organized for analysis or used to reason or make decisions
- Numerical or other information presented in a form suitable for processing by a computer
- Values derived from scientific experiments
Four Data Sources?
- Archival
- Experimental
- Survey
- Observational
What is statistics?
The mathematics of collection. organization, and interpretation of numerical data
What is Descriptive Statistics?
focuses on the presentation of set data to describe the characteristics of that set
ex: (size, weight, height, or gender of class)
What is Inferential Statistics?
allows for the analysis of population characteristics by inference from a sample of the population
Another name for Population
Parameter
Another name for Sample
Statistic
Sampling vs. Census
Sampling is less costly, less time consuming, and is more practical
Sampling must be
RANDOM
What is a variable?
- Something that can vary or take on different values
- A quantity capable of assuming any set of values
- A symbol representing a quantity
What are the two types of variables?
- Categorical Random
2. Numerical Random
What are the two types of Numerical Random Variables?
- Discrete- Counted
2. Continuous- Measured (ex: time)
Four scales of measurement?
- Nominal
- Ordinal
- Interval
- Ratio
Nominal Measurement examples:
Sex
Location by State
(Can’t do statistics on numbers)
Ordinal Measurement examples:
Quality Ratings (Poor, Average, Good, Excellent) (You don't know if the difference between rankings are equal)
