less complex organelles Flashcards
1
Q
what are the features of the rough ER
A
- has membrane bound flattened sacs (cisternae)
- contains ribosomes
- site of protein synthesis
- transports recently synthesised proteins
2
Q
what are the features of the smooth ER
A
- has membrane bound flattened sacs (cristernae)
- does not contain ribosomes
3
Q
what are the features of the golgi apparatus
A
- contains cisternae and vesicles (small round hollowed structures)
- newly made proteins are packaged into the vesicles
- these vesicles then transport and secrete the proteins
4
Q
what are the features of the cytoplasm
A
- composed of cytosol (sugars, water and organic molecules)
- contains membrane bound , cellular components
- chemical reactions take place here each separated using membrane bound cells for ideal environments to be synthesised
5
Q
what are the features of the cell membrane
A
- separates cells from their environment
- made of proteins and lipids called a (phospholipid bilayer)
- selectively permeable
6
Q
what are the features of lysosomes
A
- specialised forms of vesicles
- contain hydrolytic enzymes
- break down waste materials in cells like organelles
- play an important role in the immune system by breaking down pathogens
7
Q
what are the features of the ribosomes
A
- site of protein synthesis
- constructed of RNA molecules
- not surrounded by a membrane (free floating)
- two types 80s (eu) and 70s (pro)
- have two subunits one large one small for ribosomal RNA and protein
8
Q
what are the features of the cell wall
A
- contains polysaccharides like cellulose
- lamella cements walls together
- their function is to retain structure and provide mechanical strength
9
Q
what are the features of the vacuole
A
- fluid filled sack bound in a membrane called the tonoplast
- contains a solution of mineral salts, sugars, amino acids, wastes and some pigments
- supports herbaceous plants make cells
- uses sugars and amino acids as a temporary food source
- uses pigments to attract pollinating insects
