Lesions and causes

Question 1

Scotoma of motion

Answer 1

damage to MT/V1 or V5 (global/peripheral)

Question 2

see motion in only one direction

Answer 2

damage to MST/V3 (lobal motion)

Question 3

directional pursuit deficit

Answer 3

damage to MST/V3

Question 4

ipsiversive horizontal eye fields

Answer 4

Frontal eye fields

Dorsal vermis if hypometric

Question 5

vertical pursuit deficit

Answer 5

NRTP

This breaks the vertical = midbrain rule!

Question 6

contraversive horizontal pursuit deficits + hypermetria

Answer 6

fastigial nuclei

Question 7

dysfunction of VOR and pursuits

Answer 7

cerebral disease

dysfunction direction is same side as hemisphere w/ damage (ipsiversive)

Question 8

mild pursuit and VOR cancellation deficits

Answer 8

one side of ventral paraflocculus (in cerebellum)

Question 9

severe deficits in pursuits and VOR

Answer 9

bilateral lesions of both ventral paraflocculus (VPF) and flocculus

Question 10

lesioned cerebellum structure that causes no effect on pursuit

Answer 10

bilateral flocculus (since lesions cancel each other)

Question 11

opsoclonus, ipsiversive horizontal pursuit deficits

Answer 11

dorsal vermis

Question 12

vergence control location

Answer 12

cerebrum (middle temporal lobe)

Question 13

Brain lesion that would cause: Smooth vergence (NPC) deficits

Answer 13

MST/V3 (cerebrum)

Question 14

Brain lesion that would cause: jump vergence and saccade deficits

Answer 14

MT/V5

Question 15

voluntary vergence control center

Answer 15

frontal eye fields

Question 16

smooth, pursuit-like vergence, NPC

Answer 16

parietal eye fields

Question 17

undershoots

Answer 17

dorsal vermis

Question 18

lesion in the dorsal vermis causes:

Answer 18

DI at far (esodeviation)

Question 19

fastigial nuclei lesion

Answer 19

cause CI by activating divergence at near

Question 20

NRTP (pon lesion causes:

Answer 20

inappropriate divergence (aka CI)

Question 21

type of nystagmus caused by vision loss

Answer 21

monocular APN (worse in eye w/ worse BCVA)

called Heimann-Bielschowsky

Question 22

gaze-evoked nystagmus

Answer 22

leaky neural integrator: medial vestibular nuclei, NPH (pons) or INC (vertical)

Cerebellum responsible for integration

Question 23

horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus

Answer 23

neural integrator: nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH) in pons

Question 24

vertical gaze-evoked nystagmus

Answer 24

neural integrator: interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) in the midbrain

Question 25

INO

Answer 25

MLF demyelination or stroke

Question 26

Brun’s nystagmus

Answer 26

cerebellar pontine angle (CPA)

Question 27

Lateropulsion

Answer 27

dorsolateral medulla

Question 28

medulla’s olivary nucleus

Answer 28

afffect CN9: glossopharyngeal –> oculopalatal tremor

Question 29

red nucleus

Answer 29

in the midbrain, control of the EOMs and soft palate (myoclonus)

Question 30

dentate nucleus

Answer 30

cerebellum

affect control of the EOMs and soft palate

Question 31

Location of the cause of oculopalatal tremor

Answer 31

Myoclonic triangle of guilain and Mollaret

contains red nucleus, dentate nucleus, olivary nucleus

Question 32

Medial medullary syndrome

Answer 32

vertical nystagmus (downward drift, upgaze nystagmus)

Question 33

Dejerine Syndrome

Answer 33

is a lingual palsy, and a medial medullary syndrome

Question 34

INO lesion location

Answer 34

MLF

Question 35

NRTP (Nucleus recticularis Tegmenti pontis) Lesion

Answer 35

vergence impaired w/ a horizontal gaze palsy leading to CI and DI