Lesions

Question 1

a lesion to CN 3 in brainstem causes what

Answer 1

occulomotor palsy

Question 2

a lesion to medial lemniscus in brainstem causes what

Answer 2

contralateral loss of proprioception and vibration

Question 3

a lesion to red nucleus in brainstem causes what

Answer 3

involuntary movements e.g. tremor and ataxia

Question 4

a lesion to corticospinal trunk in brainstem causes what

Answer 4

contralateral hemiparesis

Question 5

a lesion to corticobulbar tract in brainstem causes what

Answer 5

pseudobulbar palsy

Question 6

UMN CN motor weakness, exaggerated gag reflex, tongue spasticity, and spastic dysarthria indicate what

Answer 6

pseudobulbar palsy

Question 7

oculomotor palsy, contralateral loss of proprioception/ vibration, and involuntary movements indicate what syndrome

Answer 7

benedikt syndrome

Question 8

pseudobulbar palsy, contralateral hemiparesis, and occulomotor palsy indicate which syndrome

Answer 8

weber syndrome

Question 9

a lesion to the superior colliculus and pretectal area in the brainstem cause what

Answer 9

vertical gaze palsy (cant look up)

Question 10

vertical gaze palsy and pseudo-roberton pupil cause what syndrome

Answer 10

parinaud syndrome

• often d/t pinealoma or granuloma of pineal region
• watch for cerebral aqueduct obstruction

Question 11

a lesion to the vestibular nucleus in the pons causes what

Answer 11

n/v, vertigo, nystagmus

Question 12

a lesion to the facial nerve in the pons causes what

Answer 12

ipsilateral facial droop, loss of corneal reflex

Question 13

a lesion to the medial lemniscus in the pons causes what

Answer 13

loss of proprioception and vibration

Question 14

a lesion to the corticospinal tract in the pons causes what

Answer 14

contralateral hemiparesis

Question 15

a lesion to the abducens nerve in the pons causes what

Answer 15

problems moving eyeball laterally

Question 16

a lesion to the spinothalamic tract in the pons causes what

Answer 16

contralateral loss of pain and temp sensation

Question 17

a lesion to the trigeminal nucleus and nerve in the pons causes what

Answer 17

loss of pain and temp sensation in the face

Question 18

a lesion to the medial longitudinal fasiculus (MLF) in the pons causes what

Answer 18

internuclear ophthalmoplegia (impaired adduction of ipsilateral eye, nystagmus of contralateral eye with abduction)

Question 19

a lesion to the paramedian pontine reticular formation in the pons causes what

Answer 19

ipsilateral lateral gaze impairment

structures: PPRF, abducens nucleus, MLF

Question 20

a lesion to the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the pons causes what

Answer 20

ipsilateral loss of pain and temp sensation

Question 21

a lesion to the sympathetic tracts of the pons causes what

Answer 21

horners syndrome

• PAM is HORNy
  ptosis, anhydrosis, miosis

Question 22

a lesion to the facial nucleus of the pons causes what

Answer 22

ipsilateral facial droop, loss or corneal reflex

Question 23

a lesion to the cochlear nucleus in the pons causes what

Answer 23

deafness

Question 24

contralateral hemiparesis, CN 6 palsy, and ipsilateral facial weakness and droop indicate what syndrome

Answer 24

medial pontine syndrome

Question 25

n/v, nystagmus, vertigo, loss of contralateral pain and temp sensation, loss of ipsilateral facial pain and temp sensation, ipsilateral facial droop and loss of corneal reflex, horner syndrome, and deafness all indicate what

Answer 25

lateral pontine syndrome - can be caused by AICA stroke

Question 26

a lesion to the corticospinal tract in the medulla causes what

Answer 26

contralateral hemiparesis

Question 27

a lesion to the medial lemniscus in the medulla causes what

Answer 27

contralateral loss of proprioception and vibration

Question 28

a lesion to CN 12 in the medulla causes what

Answer 28

flaccid paralysis of tongue, ipsilateral tongue deviation

Question 29

a lesion to the vestibular nucleus in the medulla causes what

Answer 29

n/v, vertigo, nystagmus

Question 30

a lesion to the sympathetic tract in the medulla causes what

Answer 30

horners syndrome - PAM is HORNy ptosis, anhydrosis, miosis

Question 31

a lesion to the spinothalamic tract in the medulla causes what

Answer 31

contralateral loss of pain and temp sensation

Question 32

a lesion to the nucleus ambiguus in the medulla causes what

Answer 32

hoarseness and dysphagia - differentiates lateral medullary syndrome vs lateral pontine syndrome

Question 33

contralateral hemiparesis, contralateral loss of proprioception and vibration, and flaccid paralysis of the tongue with ipsilateral deviation indicates what syndrome

Answer 33

medial medullary syndrome - can be caused by anterior spinal a stroke

Question 34

n/v, vertigo, nystagmus, horners syndrome, contralateral loss of pain and temp sensation, hoarseness and dysphagia indicate what syndrome

Answer 34

lateral medullary syndrome (wallenbergs syndrome) - can be caused by PICA stroke

Question 35

AICA infarct can cause what

Answer 35

lateral pontine syndrome

Question 36

PICA infarct can cause what

Answer 36

lateral medullary syndrome

Question 37

anterior spinal artery infarct can cause what

Answer 37

medial medullary syndrome