Lens

Question 0

Write a note about polar cataracts.

Answer 0

1. Anterior polar cataracts- Central part of the anterior capsule and the adjoining superficial most cortex.
   - due to delayed development of anterior chamber
   - due to corneal perforation
   ( at infantile stage usually after perforation due to ophthalmia neonatorum)

Morphological types

• thickened white plaque
• anterior pyramidal cataract
• re duplicated cataract

2. Posterior polar cataract

Common lens anomaly and small circumscribed opacity involved at posterior pole. Associated with

• persistent hua loud artery remnants (mittendorf dot)
• posterior lenticonus
• persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous

Types

• stationary
• progressive form( which progresses after birth)

Question 1

Give the clinical types of lens?

Answer 1

1. congenital capsular cataracts
   - anterior capsular cataract
   - posterior capsular cataract
2. Polar cataracts
   - anterior polar cataract
   - posterior polar cataract
3. Nuclear cataract
4. lamellar cataract
5. sutural and axial cataract
   - Floriform
   - coralliform
   - spear shaped
   - anterior axial embryonic
6. Generalized cataracts
   - coronary
   - blue dot
   - total congenital
   - congenital membranous

Question 2

Write a note about nuclear cataracts.

Answer 2

1. Cataracta centralis pulverulenta
   (Embryonic nuclear cataract)
   -dominant genetic trait.
   -occurs due to inhibition of lens.development at very early stage hence involvement of embryonic nucleus.
   -bilateral.
   -small rounded opacity lying exactly in the centre of the lens.
   -opacity has a powdery appearance (pulverulenta) does not affect vision.
2. Total nuclear cataract
   - involves embryonic and fetal nucleus (sometimes infantile nucleus)
   - characterised by a dense white chalky opacity. Central and seriously impairing vision.
   - bilateral and non progressive.