Lenin’s Red Terror 1917-1928

Question 1

What did the Red Army replace in 1917

Answer 1

The Old Red Guards

Question 2

Who made up and who was placed at the head of the Red Army 1917, what was their aim?

Answer 2

Peasants and workers, Trotsky. To protect the new regime.

Question 3

Secret police body established in 1917

Answer 3

Cheka

Question 4

Leader of Cheka in 1917

Answer 4

Felix Dzerzhinksy

Question 5

New name for the Cheka in 1926

Answer 5

OGPU

Question 6

Leader of the OGPU from 1926

Answer 6

Vyacheslav Menzhinksy

Question 7

New body in 1934 to take over USSR internal security

Answer 7

NKVD

Question 8

Leaders of the NKVD

Answer 8

Yagoda > Yezhov > Beria

Question 9

Translation of NKVD name

Answer 9

People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs

Question 10

New name for the now national network of labour camps 1934

Answer 10

Gulags

Question 11

2 Key instances of the use of Terror under Lenin

Answer 11

1. Post-october consolidation 2. Spreading influence beyond petrograd and moscow during the civil war

Question 12

3 central aims of Terror 1917-53

Answer 12

1. Keep army units loyal 2. Prevent political opposition 3. Ensure people of Russia remained loyal to the regime

Question 13

Who did Trotsky appoint in Red Army units? (Not a name)

Answer 13

Political commissars

Question 14

3 Examples of harsh discipline in Trotsky’s Red Army

Answer 14

1. Any sign of disloyalty/desertion punishable by death. 2.Summary executions to ‘discourage’ waverers in ranks.
2. Members of Cheka used to shoot deserters.

Question 15

Red Army’s tactic to keep population in line

Answer 15

Brutal treatment of civilians in occupied areas

Question 16

2 ‘excuses’ for the launch of the Red Terror and shooting of romanovs. (One with date)

Answer 16

1. Lenin wounded in assassination attempt

2. Murder of Petrograd chairman of the Cheka

Question 17

When, where and who executed the Romanovs (inc N2) on Lenin’s orders?

Answer 17

July 1918, Ekaterinburg, a local Cheka detachment

Question 18

Dates of the ‘red terror’

Answer 18

1918-1920

Question 19

Political enemies rounded up during Red Terror included

Answer 19

Remaining SRs, Mensheviks, anarchists, other possible threats.

Question 20

Action often taken against those rounded up during Red Terror

Answer 20

Shot, not just imprisoned

Question 21

Estimate of number executed 1918-1920

Answer 21

500k

Question 22

Excuse for class warfare under red terror

Answer 22

Bourgeoisie guilty of plotting counter revolution

Question 23

3 results of class warfare under red terror

Answer 23

Arrests, imprisonments, executions

Question 24

In reality Lenin’s class warfare seemed to target…

Answer 24

all sections of society to frighten them into compliance with the regime.