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History > Lenin > Flashcards

Lenin Flashcards

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1
Q

Who stormed the winter palace

A

The bolsheviks with armed soldiers and workers

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2
Q

Before the revolution what did they seize

A

Railways
Arsenal
Power stations
Telephones
Banks

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3
Q

How many troops mutinied

A

80 000

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4
Q

Why couldn’t police control uprising

A

Widespread riots and mutnies

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5
Q

When was the winter palace seized

A

26 October 1917

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6
Q

What did Trotsky contribute to oct revolutions

A

Planned ad carried out siege
revolution

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7
Q

after the October revolution what was the next big event

A

Constituent assembly in 1918

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8
Q

What percent of the votes did the bolsheviks get in constituent assembly versus what groups

A

25%
Vs Social revolutionaries who got peasant vote

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9
Q

What happened to the constituent assembly

A

Shut own by bolsheviks after 1 day and the communists governed Russia

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10
Q

What did Lenin believe was necessary to protect regime from counter revolutionaries

A

Dictatorship where all decision were centralized

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11
Q

What other measures did Lenin put in place o secure communist rule

A

Banning newspapers( only have Pravda)
Cheka- secret police
Red Terror - executions- imprisonment of landlords and priest- conducted by Cheka)

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12
Q

What were the decrees implemented

A

-Land- peasants seized land
-Nationalization of banks
-Equality for women
- Church land and wealth confiscated- NO RELIGION
-Workers control industry
-Equal wages and salaries
-No titles

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13
Q

What was the Brest Litovsk Treaty

A

Sacrifices must be made to ensure communism in Russia- Lenin
Peace treaty out of the war were Russia lost 1/3 people, 1/3 farm land, 1/4 land, 1/2 industry

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14
Q

Why Civil war

A

People thought democracy would come
Old army officers unhappy with withdrawal from WW1
Unpopular economic policies
- land confiscation without compensation
-labor conscription

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15
Q

Opponents in civil war

A

Internal (white army)
- Tsarists
-Land owners
-army officers
-middle class

External
-Britain
-France
-USA
-Japan

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16
Q

Why did the communists win

A

Cruelty of white commanders made them lose peasant support
White army disorganized(unable to work as one unit)
Conscription to gain troops
Trotsky good leader
War Communism

17
Q

What was war communism

A

Nationalization of industry
Grain requisition
Central control
Strict sate control- Cheka
Labor discipline -conscription

18
Q

War Communism- industry

A
  • state ownership of factories
  • workers where given food Rations( Russia became poor as money devalued)
    -workers punished for striking
    -workers control factories
  • private enterprise banned- NEPMEN
    -conscription of workers
  • no import
19
Q

War communism- Agriculture

A
  • Grain Requisition - Result in reduced production due to peasant rebellion and them hiding surplus
  • Kulaks Scapegoated for hoarding grain
  • nothing to plant due to Requisition
    -1921 drought
    • 5 mil die from starvation
      -cannibalism among survivors
20
Q

Kronstadt mutiny-how many soldiers sent t stop it and where

A

20 000 o soldiers sent at Kronstadt Naval Base

  • sailors who survived were executed
21
Q

After Kronstadt Mutiny Lenin realised change must be made- what did he implement?

A

New Economic Policy

22
Q

Why did Lenin implement the NEP

A

Need to save revolution by compromising with free enterprise

23
Q

NEP agriculture

A

Gain requisition changed to Grain tax
Peasants sell surplus on free market
Output increased
Land still state owned

24
Q

NEP industry

A

State still own mines, banks and control foreign Trade

NEPMEN
-private enterprise allowed for companies employing less then 20 workers
- heavily taxed

Larger industry due to greater freedom- less centralised control

25
Q

NEP financial reforms

A

Due to no currency or capitalism economy was destroyed
1921 bank created to provide currency and credit

Wages replaced with goods
Taxes on citizens
Foreign investors allowed in Russia- ended Russian isolation

26
Q

NEP succes

A

Factories produced more goods
Better work environments
Exports
Rail + transport improved

27
Q

Backlash from NEP

A

Not true communism so critics saw it as a betrayal Resulting in attacks to the Kulaks and Nepmen

History (2 decks)

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