Leisure, Sport, and Tourism Flashcards
Leisure
Any freely chosen activity or experience that takes place in non-work time.
Recreation
A leisure-time activity undertaken voluntarily and for enjoyment, including organised and non-paid sports.
Sport
A physical activity involving events and competitions at the national and international scale with professional participants.
Tourism
Travelling away from home for at least one night for the purpose of leisure. This excludes day trips, some of which may be international trips.
Ecotourism
Tourism focusing on the natural environments and local communities.
Heritage Tourism
Tourism based on a historical legacy such as a landscape feature, historic building or event as its major attraction.
Sustainable Tourism
Tourism that conserves primary tourist resources and supports the livelihoods and culture of local people.
2 Types of Resources for an Area to Grow
- Define
- Examples
- Primary/Recreational Resources
Examples: Climate, Scenery, Cultural and Heritage Sites. - Secondary/Recreational Resources
Examples: Accommodation, Entertainment, and Shopping.
Participation Rate
The proportion of a population that takes part in a specific sporting activity.
Factors Affecting Participation in Sports (PHSC) and give examples
Physical Factors
- Coastal Areas, ideal conditions of surfing.
- High Altitude Areas, higher concentration of red blood cells in Kenya.
Human Factors
- Economic Wealth, access to sporting facilities like golf courses.
Social Factors
- Membership fees associated with sports may lead to inability to practice.
Cultural Factors
- Muslim women in athletics, convention to remain robed.
Advantages of Hosting a Sports Competition
Advantages: PENIP
Disadvantages: FTOIL
Advantages:
Prestige: If it goes well, host gains reputation.
Economic Growth: Boosts trade and tourism.
National Unity: Brings country together, sense of pride.
Infrastructure: Builds permanent facilities to host events.
Profit: Selling merchandise, tickets, and spending moneY in hotels and restaurants.
Disadvantages:
Financial Loss: Spending exceeds earnings, Montreal lost 1 billion dollars in 1976.
Terrorism: Shooting of Israeli athletes at 1972 Munich Olympics.
Overcrowding: Puts a strain on hotels, transport, etc.
Increased Security Risk: Large events are targets for terrorists.
Loss of esteem: Host country falls if events goes poorly.
Steps of Butler’s Model (E,I,D,C,S,D/R)
- Exploration
Small group of tourists attracted to an area, minimal impact due to lack of tourist facilities. - Involvement
Locals accept tourists and the location becomes better known. - Development
Tourism becomes a big business, infrastructure is improved through investments from MEDCs. - Consolidation
Tourism becomes an important industry in an area. Agricultural land becomes hotels. Beaches/Pool reserved for tourists. - Stagnation
Local opposition, fewer new tourists arrive. Optimal point. - Decline/Rejuvenation
Area either decreases or increases in population.
Ecotourism
A “green” or “alternative” form of tourism that aims to preserve the environment by managing it sustainably.
Leakage and Example
Economic loss of tourist money, by tourists using companies not owned by the host country, and spending money outside the host country.
Example = Transnational Corporations such as the Hilton hotel company.
Multiplier Effect
When an initial amount of spending by the government leads to an increased spending by tourists and so results in an increase in national income greater than the initial amount of spending.
