Legrow Development (Infancy-Teens) Flashcards by Muntasir Chowdhury

Oral Stage

Feeding Issues
Freud’s Psychosexual Stage
BIrth-12 Months

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Anal Stage

Toilet Training
1-3
Freud

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Phallic Stage

Gender Identiy Development
Same Sex parent identification
3-6 years old

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Trust vs Mistrust

Birth-12 months
Eriksons
Warm, responsive=trust
Template for future relationship

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Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

Improved skills=choice
parent allows reasonable choice w/o use of shame
1-3 years old (toddlerhood)

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Initiative vs Guilt

Make believe play,
try new roles
ambitions & responsibility
Preschool age or 3-5

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Sensorimotor

Birth-2
Reflexes=building blocks
8-12 months is when intentional schema is developed
Piaget

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Preoperational

2-7
Begins to use symbols language develops
make believe play
not logical
animism/egocentrism

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PHysical Development

Senses:
Touch-best developed
Taste-mostly intact at birth
Odor-prefer mother’s milk
Hearing-well developed, Prefer complex tones
 4-7 mo. music/speech phrasing
6 mo. screen out other language sounds
Mom> women, Native language>Foreign
Vision-least mature, Limited acuity, 20/20 by 6 mo.
Color by 4-5 mo.

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Physcial Development 12-24 months

Build 2 block towers
Walking
Jump in place
Up stairs w/out help
Scribbling

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Physical Development 24-36monty

Walks more smoothly
Jumps, hops, throws
Rigid upper body
Pushes riding toys
Can help put own clothes on
May begin toilet training

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Physcial Development (3-5y)

Alternate feet up stairs
Jumps, hops
Flexible upper body
Throws and catches, with trap
Pedals/steers tricycle

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Physical Development (3-6)

Alternating feet down stairs
Runs more smoothly
Gallops &amp; skips
Throws and catches fluidly
Rides tricycle/bicycle with speed/smooth

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Language Development Birth-12 months

6 months begins to understand words

1st words by a year is mama dada

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Language Development 1-3 years old

About 50 words at beginning of this stage, objects, actions and modifiers
18-24 mo. language explosion
2 years old-several hundred words
Two word telegraphic speech
Three word phrases

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Language Development (preschool age)

Improved pronunciation
Make up words if they don’t know one
Sentence formation is more like adults
Begin to understand figurative language
Adjusts speech to social situation
Improved conversational strategies

Cognitive development (infancY)

Reflexes=building blocks
Schema development
8-12 mo. intentional

Cognitive development 12-18mo

explore objects
early problem solving
deferred imitation

Cognitive development 18-24mo

begin play

cognitive development 24-36

mental represetations
more make believe play
perspective taking
magical beliefs

cognitive development

understand mb playis representation than real
play is less self centered, more complex
schema combinations to improve cognitive functions and work out problems
gender specific play
role playing for long periods of time

Social Emotional Development Infancy

Temperament-relatively stable
Crying = first communication & precursor to empathy
Imitate facial expressions, social smile 1-2 mo.
Express emotions: happy, sad/anger, fear by 6 mo.
Attachment occurring

Social Emotional Development Toddler

Self Conscious emotions: guilt, jealousy, envy etc
Empathy appears
Understand that others may have different feelings
Vocabulary of feeling words

Social Emotional Development Preschool

Self-appraisal
Strategies to regulate emotion
Can fake emotions
Cause &amp; effect
Peers important
Activities like parties, sports etc.

Latency Stage

6-11 years old Freud's acquire social values, relationships w/ same sex peers

genital stage

sexual impulese toward each other | 11-adolescence

Industry vs Inferiority

school, work, and evaluation of performance | peer relations and cooperation

identity vs identity diffusion

who am I? self chosen values and goals Erikson

Concrete operational thought

``` age 7-11 Piaget conservation reasoning is becoming logical classify and organize ie baseball cards and collections ```

formal operation thought

``` 11 and up Piaget reason w/ symbols doesn't have to be reality based abstract multiple solutions ```

Physical Development (6-11)

Increased running speed Coordination of body, fluid motion Increased throwing, kicking accuracy Handwriting develops to fluency

Physical Development (adolescence)

``` Fully capable Puberty-early and late bloomers Secondary sex characteristics Boys -11.5-15.5 Girls-10-14 Heredity, nutrition/exercise, health, trauma can impact timing ```

Cognitive Development School Age

``` Understand subtle meaning 10,000 word vocabulary when start school Multiple meanings/definitions appreciated Idioms Irony, sarcasm, metalinguistic awareness ```

Cognitive Development Adolescence

Over 40,000 words including abstract terms

Social Emotional Development School Age

Awareness of mixed emotions Same gender peer groups Social comparisons Self Concept Self esteem for 6-7 years old: Academic, Social and Physical Competence + personal appearance 7-11-Begin to add close friendships, romantic appeal Culture and child rearing practices impact

Social Emotional Development adolescence

Self-Esteem: Add close relationships, romantic appeal and job competence Identity development: Achievement and moratorium are good, based on active exploration& choice Foreclosure-accept identity as a role: “Mean girls” Diffusion-none, too threatening, overwhelming Peer # decreases over time, but more stable Risk behaviors: Sex, accidents, substance use, violence Most adolescents get through this time with no significant problems