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Pharmacology > Legislation > Flashcards

Legislation Flashcards

1
Q

What infection control is needed for airborne protection?

A

Eyewear, gloves, mask

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2
Q

What infection control is needed for contact protection?

A

Eyewear, gloves, gown, mask

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3
Q

What infection control is needed for droplet protection?

A

Eyewear, gloves, gown, mask

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4
Q

What is the orphan drug act?

A

An act to motivate development and provision of new, effective drugs for rare diseases

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5
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

Study of drugs and their interactions with the body

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6
Q

What is a drug?

A

Chemical used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease

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7
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

What the body does to drugs

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8
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A

What the drug does to the body

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9
Q

What is toxicology?

A

Study of poisonous substances

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10
Q

What are the five main sources of drugs?

A 
Plants
Animals
Minerals and mineral products
Laboratory produced chemicals 
DNA produced drugs
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11
Q

What is the oldest source of drugs?

A

Plants

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12
Q

What is included in animal drug products?

A

Hormones (eg insulin)
Enzymes
Oils and fats

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13
Q

What is included in mineral drug products?

A

Inorganic material (eg. sodium bicarbonate)

Metallic/non-metallic are combined with other ingredients to form acids, bases, and salts

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14
Q

What is included in laboratory (synthetic) drugs?

A

Medications created in the lab (eg. Fentanyl, adenosine)

Reordering of genetic information to develop bacteria that produces medication (eg. Glucagon, Hep B vaccine)

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15
Q

What is the drug approval process?

A

Animal studies on at least two animal species. If successful…

Clinical trials

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16
Q

What is phase 1 of clinical trials?

A

Tested in healthy volunteers to compare with animal data. Uses safe doses

17
Q

What is phase 2 of clinical drug trials?

A

50-300 patients in a double-blind experiment

In double blind, neither the administrator (eg. Doctor) or the patients know what drug they are receiving

18
Q

What is phase 3 of clinical drug trials?

A

Large patient groups (1000’s) lasting several years to evaluate efficacy and side effects

19
Q

What is phase 4 of clinical drug trials?

A

A new drug submission to Health Products and Food Branch

20
Q

What are the six purposes of drug therapy?

A
  1. Diagnosis
  2. Treatment (EMS)
  3. Prevention - vaccines
  4. Health maintenance
  5. Cure - antibiotics
  6. Contraception
21
Q

What are the sources of drug information?

A 
Internet (good and bad)
Drug manufacturers 
Package inserts
Pharmacists
Medical journals
22
Q

What is a chemical drug name?

A

The chemical composition and molecular structure

It is the most detailed

23
Q

What is a generic drug name?

A

The name given to a drug prior to becoming a trade name and is usually suggested by manufacturer

Not capitalized
Available for use by other drug companies
Often based on chemical composition

24
Q

What is a drug trade name?

A

The name given to a drug by a specific manufacturer

“Brand name” is always capitalized
Registered as a trademark
Often based on the drugs action, or what it is meant to treat

25
Q

What is drug standardization?

A

Drugs must be uniform and consistent in strength (potency) when offered on the market

Between 95-105% every time

26
Q

What are the special considerations for meds in pregnant or lactating women?

A

Potential for drug to cross placental barrier and affect fetus

Breastfeeding while taking meds

27
Q

What are the special drug considerations for pediatrics?

A

May require smaller dose

Or may require smaller amount because of high concentration

Note: dosing often based on weight/surface area of child

28
Q

What are special drug considerations for geriatrics?

A

May be taking multiple meds - poly pharmacy

Body organs may be slower causing altered effects and accumulation

Some meds have narrow therapeutic and toxic thresholds

29
Q

What is the Controlled Drug and Substances Act?

A

Governs the production, registration, distribution, and possession of narcotics and controlled substances

30
Q

What is the Food and Drug Act?

A

Protects the public from mislabeled, poisonous, or harmful food and medications

31
Q

What is the Canadian Food and Drug Act?

A

Regulations for drug manufacture and sale (amended yearly)

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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