Legal Terms Flashcards
Fill in the blank: The rule of law is fundamental to a ________ society.
just
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the rule of law? a) Transparency b) Accountability c) Arbitrary power
c) Arbitrary power
What are ‘values’ in the context of law?
Beliefs or principles that guide behavior and decision-making within legal contexts.
True or False: Values are subjective and can vary between cultures.
True
What is the primary focus of legal ethics?
The moral principles that govern the conduct of legal professionals.
Which of the following best describes ‘legal positivism’? a) Law is based on moral values b) Law is a command of the sovereign c) Law is derived from natural rights
b) Law is a command of the sovereign
Fill in the blank: ________ refers to the ethical standards that lawyers must adhere to.
Legal ethics
What is meant by ‘due process’?
The legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights owed to a person.
True or False: Due process only applies in criminal cases.
False
Which term refers to the belief in the inherent rights of individuals? a) Legal realism b) Natural law c) Legal positivism
b) Natural law
What is the main purpose of a legal system?
To maintain order, resolve disputes, and protect liberties and rights.
Fill in the blank: The principle of ________ requires that laws be clear and public.
legality
Which document is often considered a foundational statement of human rights? a) The Magna Carta b) The U.S. Constitution c) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
c) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
True or False: Ethics and law are always the same.
False
What does ‘judicial review’ allow courts to do?
Evaluate the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.
Which of the following is a key component of restorative justice? a) Punishment b) Reconciliation c) Deterrence
b) Reconciliation
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the body of law that governs private rights and obligations.
civil law
What is ‘legal liability’?
The legal responsibility for one’s actions or omissions.
True or False: Legal liability can arise from both criminal and civil actions.
True
What does the term ‘tort’ refer to?
A wrongful act or infringement of a right leading to civil legal liability.
Which of the following is an example of a tort? a) Breach of contract b) Theft c) Defamation
c) Defamation
Fill in the blank: ________ law deals with crimes and their punishments.
Criminal
What is meant by ‘conflict of interest’?
A situation where a person has competing interests or loyalties.
True or False: A conflict of interest can undermine the integrity of legal proceedings.
True
Which legal principle requires that laws be applied consistently over time? a) Certainty b) Flexibility c) Equity
a) Certainty
What is the role of legal precedent?
To provide a basis for deciding similar future cases.
Fill in the blank: The principle of ________ holds that no one is above the law.
equality
