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ALCB - Legal Med > Legal Med > Flashcards

Legal Med Flashcards

1
Q

Source of Law passed by congress

A

Written/statutory law

  • laws of the Ph
  • Medical Act of 1959
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2
Q

Source of Law which are rights, privileges and responsibilties

A

Consitutional law

- highest law in the country

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3
Q

Source of Law made by administrative bodies

A

Administrative law

- Board of Medicine

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4
Q

Source of Law composed of unwritten laws based in the immemorial customs and usages

A

Common law

- principle of stare decisis

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5
Q

Principle that will adhere to and apply to all future cases

A

Principle of Stare Decisis

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6
Q

Anything belonging to the court of law or used in court of legal proceedings

A

Forensic

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7
Q

Law, arising out of, by virtue of or included in law

A

Legal

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8
Q

Practical science which investigated the nature, development and functions of law

A

Jurisprudence

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9
Q

Seminal fluid and Spermatozoa examination

Microchemical examination
- a positive result is merely PRESUMPTIVE

A

Florence test

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10
Q

Seminal fluid and Spermatozoa examination

Microchemical examination
- SPECIFIC for spermatic fluid

A

Berberio test

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11
Q

Seminal fluid and Spermatozoa examination

Microchemical examination
- very reliable

A

Puramen reaction

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12
Q

Seminal fluid and Spermatozoa examination

Microchemical examination
- CONCLUSIVE of presence of semen

A

Acid Phosphatase test

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13
Q

Seminal fluid and Spermatozoa examination

Microscopic examinations
- stained on slide with hematoxylin/methylene blue and eosin

A
  1. Dr Hankin method

2. Ganguli methold - best in India (stain sperm)

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14
Q

Seminal fluid and Spermatozoa examination

BIOLOGICAL examination

A

Precipitin test

- semen whether HUMAN origin or NOT

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15
Q

Simple seduction elements

A
  1. 12-18 years old
  2. sexual intercourse
  3. deceit (promise of marriage)

other:

  • virginity = NOT an element
  • single or widow of good reputation
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16
Q

Qualified Ordinary seduction elements

A
  1. 12-18 years old
  2. sexual intercourse
  3. abuse of authority and confidence
  4. VIRGIN
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17
Q

Qualified Incestuous seduction elements

A
  1. sexual intercourse
  2. Ascendant seduce descendant

other:

  • need not to be virgin
  • may be >18 years old
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18
Q
  • not knowing the nature of sexual life and not having the experience
  • below the age of puberty
A

Moral virginity

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19
Q
  • permits any form of sexual liberties as long as the abstain from rupturing the hymen
  • no penetration of the vagina
A

Demi virginity

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20
Q
  • truly virgin woman

- no structural changes

A

Virgo intacta

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21
Q
  • conscious/knows nature of sexual life
  • NO experience
  • reached sexual maturity
A

Physical virgin

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22
Q
  • intact hymen

- small opening barely admit the tip of smallest finger

A

True physical virgin

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23
Q
  • unruptured hymen
  • orifice is wide and elastic
  • can admit 2 or more fingers
A

False physical virgin

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24
Q

Laceration/rupture of hymen as a result of sexual intercourse

A

Defloration

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25
Q

Hymenal laceration

<1/2 of the whole width of hymen

A

Superficial

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26
Q

Hymenal laceration

>1/2 of the whole width of hymen but not reaching the base

A

Deep

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27
Q

Hymenal laceration

reach beyond the base

A

Complete

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28
Q

Hymenal laceration

beyond the vagina

A

complex/complicated

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29
Q

Adultery elements

A
  1. Woman is married
  2. Sexual intercourse who is not her husband
  3. Man knows that the woman is married (paramour)
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30
Q

Husband keeping a mistress in the conjugal dwelling or having secual intercourse, under scandalous circumstances, who is not his wife

A

Concubinage

Male - imprisonment up to 6 years
Female - destierro

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31
Q

Prostitute who receives phone calls

A

Call girl

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32
Q

Prostitute

  • street walker
  • bar or tavern pick up
A

Hustler

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33
Q

Prostitue

  • new in the field
  • frequents small hotels and furnished rooms
A

Door knocker

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34
Q

Prostitue working in a regular house of prostitution

A

Factory girl

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35
Q

Type of Homosexual

  • Conscious of their homosexual cravings
  • NO attempts to diguise their desire
A

Overt

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36
Q

Type of Homosexual

  • may or may not be aware of the tendency in that direction
A

Latent

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37
Q

Type of Homosexual

  • aka lesbianism
A

Tribadism

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38
Q

Sexual desire towards an immature person

A

Infantosexual

Pedophilia - may be homosexual or heterosexual

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39
Q

Sexual desire towards animals

A

Bestosexual

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40
Q

Sexual gratification is attained by having sex with animals

A

Bestiality (zoophilia)

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41
Q

Self-gratification or masturbation

A

Autosexual

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42
Q

Sexual desire with elder person

A

Gerontophilia

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43
Q

Erotic desire or actual sexual intercourse with a CORPSE

A

Necrophilia

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44
Q

Sexual relations between persons who, by reason of blood relationship cannot legally marry

A

Incest

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45
Q

Excessive desire of men to have intercourse

A

Satyriasis

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46
Q

Strong sexual feeling of women

A

Nymphomania

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47
Q

Absence of sexual desire or arousal during sexual act in women

A

Sexual anesthesia

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48
Q

Painful sexual act in women

A

Dyspareunia

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49
Q

Painful spasm of the vagina

A

Vaginismus

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50
Q

Use of mouth as a way of sexual gratification

A

Oralism

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51
Q

Female receives the penis into her mouth

A

Fellation (irrumation)

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52
Q

Licking or sucking the external female genitalia

A

Cunnilingus

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53
Q

Licking the anus

A

Anilism (anilingus)

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54
Q

Pain or cruel act as a factor for gratification

A

Sadomasochism (algolagnia)

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55
Q

The real or fantasized presence of an object or bodily part is necessary for stimulation and gratification

A

Fetishism

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56
Q

Lesbian practice

“Scissors”

A

Tribadism

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57
Q

Anal sex

A

Sodomy

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58
Q

Sexual gratification attained by fingering, fondling with breast, licking parts of the body

A

Uranism

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59
Q

Compulsive desire of a person to rub sex organ against some parts of the body of another

A

Frothage

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60
Q

Person has a special affinity to certain prt of the female body

A

Partialism

61
Q

Compulsion to peep to see person undreds or perform personal activities

A

Voyeurism

62
Q

Sexual pleasure attained by Watching couples undreds or during sexual activity

A

Mixoscopia (Scoptophilia)

63
Q

Sexual gratification by watching his own wife performing sexual intercourse with some other man

A

Troilism

64
Q

Need to use obscene language

A

Coprolalia

65
Q

Promiscuity and making seduction of many women a part of his career

A

Don Juanism

66
Q

Willful exposure of genitals to public places

A

Indecent exposure (Exhibitionism)

67
Q

Male derived pleasure from wearing female apparel

A

Transvestism

68
Q

Dominant desire in some persons to identify themselves with opposite sex as completely as possible

A

Transexualism

69
Q

Sexual desire towards statues

A

Pygmalionism

70
Q

Ligature is applied around the base of a finger with moderate tightness

A

Magnus test

Alive: bloodless zone
Dead: no change in color

Examination of peripheral circulation

71
Q

Injection of fluorescein subcutaneously

A

Icards test

Alive: dye will spread; greenish-yellowish color

Examination of peripheral circulation

72
Q

Hours that the body must be buried except:

  • legal investigation
  • authorized by local health authorities
  • embalmed
A

48 hours

73
Q

Hours that the bodied must be buried if died of communicable diseases

A

12 hours

74
Q

Requirement/s when can a body be cremated

A
  1. body must be identified first

not be granted:

  • left a written direction
  • identity not yet definitely ascertained
75
Q

Years of disinterment of buried who died of non-communicable disease

A

after 3 years

76
Q

Years of disinterment of buried who died of dangerous communicable disease

A

after 5 years

77
Q

Wound involves only the layers of the skin

A

Superficial

78
Q

Wound goes beyond the layers of the skin but did not come out or the mere piercing of a solid organ

A

penetrating deep

79
Q

Wound goes beyond the layers of the skin which produces communication between the inner and outer portions of HOLLOW organs

A

perforating deep

80
Q

Physical injury located at the site of application of force

A

Coup injury

81
Q

Physical injury located OPPOSITE THE SITE of application of force

A

Contre-coup injury

82
Q

Physical injury located at THE SITE AND ALSO OPPOSITE the site of application of force

A

Coup-contre coup injury

83
Q

Physical injury located NOT AT THE SITE NOR OPPOSITE the site of application BUT in AREAS offering the LEAST RESISTANCE to the force applied

A

Locus Minoris Resistencia

84
Q

Physical injury which involves a greater area of the body beyond the site of the application of force

A

Extensive injury

85
Q

Special type of wound as a result of a person’s instinctive reaction of self-protection

A

Defense wound

86
Q

Special type of wound in which the nature and shape of an object or instrument which infers the object or instrument causing it

A

Patterned wound

87
Q

Special type of wound produced on one’s self and has NO INTENTION to end his life

A

Self-inflicted wound

88
Q

Special type of wound produced on one’s self and has INTENTION to end his life

A

Suicidal wound

89
Q

number of days of incapacitation from labor for slight physical injury

A

1-9 days

90
Q

number of days of incapacitation from labor for less serious physical injury

A

10 - 29 days

91
Q

number of days of incapacitation from labor for serious physical injury

A

> 30 days

92
Q

Types of open wound

A
  1. abrasion
  2. incision
  3. stab
  4. lacerated
  5. punctured
  6. hacking
93
Q

Ante-mortem or post-mortem CLOT?

  • firm consistency
  • homogenous and cannot be stripped
  • uniform color
A

Ante-mortem clot

post-mortem

  • soft
  • can be stripped off
  • distinct layer
94
Q

Ante-mortem or post-mortem WOUND?

  • copious and generally arterial hemorrhage
  • (+) spouting of blood
  • (+) clotting
  • deeply stained and not removed by washing
  • edges gape
  • (+) inflammation and reparative process
A

ante-mortem wound

post-mortem wound

  • slight or no hemorrhage
  • removed by washing
  • do not gape
95
Q

Skull fracture aka linear fracture

  • caused by impact of blunt object
  • may appear as radiating crack
A

Fissure fracture

96
Q

Skull fracture aka Fractures La Signature

- shows nature of the instrument

A

Localized depressed fracture

97
Q

Skull fracture caused by sharp-edged instruments causing clean-cut fracture

A

Penetrating injuries of the skull

98
Q

Skull fracture that may develop as a result of a linear or depressed fracture
- spider web comminution of the cranium

eg: near shot with a firearm

A

Comminuted fractures

99
Q

Skull fracture common in infants

  • may be a result of a simple compression
  • “ping pong ball”
A

Pond or Indented fracture

100
Q

Skull fracture with a tangential or glancing approach of a bullet
- furrow in the cranium

A

Gutter fracture

101
Q

Skull fracture with an extensive fracture running parallel to the two points of contact

eg: passage of wheel over the head

A

Bursting fracture

102
Q

Factors inherent on the missile

A
  1. speed (greater velocity = greater destruction)
  2. size and shape (bigger and more deformed = more destruction)
  3. character of missile’s movement in flight (spinning = more power = more destruction)
103
Q

Nature of the target

A
  1. density (high density = high damage)
  2. length of tissue (longer distance of travel of missile = more kinetic energy = more destruction)
  3. nature of media traversed (less damage passing air spaces)
  4. vitality of the part involved (vital organs = more injury)
104
Q

comes out of the gun in order

A
  1. projectile (bullet)
  2. flame
  3. unburned/burned GASES
  4. burned/unburned/partially burned CARBON
105
Q

Components of primer

A
  1. lead
  2. antimony
  3. barium
106
Q

It is the sudden release of expanded gas from the muzzle following the bullet

A

muzzle blast

107
Q

Distance of firearm if there is smudging/soot

A

<12 inches or <30cm

108
Q

Distance to be considered short range

A

1 - 15 cm

109
Q

Distance to be considered medium range

A

15 - 60 cm

110
Q

Distance to be considered far range

A

> 60 cm

111
Q

Distance of firearm if there is tattooing/stippling

A

12 - 24 inches

112
Q

Number of days Paraffin test should be done or it may lead to negative result

A

within 3 days

113
Q

Used to test whether the subject has recently fired a gun or not

A

Paraffin test

114
Q

False positive for Paraffin test

A
  1. smoker (nicotine)

2. farmers (fertilizers)

115
Q

False negative for Paraffin test

A
  1. excessive hand washing
  2. wearing of gloves
  3. more than 3 days
116
Q

failure of thermoregulatory center and suppression of

sweating

A

heat STROKE

117
Q

results from deficiency of water OR salt leading to circulatory insufficiency
- due to heart failure

A

heat EXHAUSTION

118
Q
  • painful muscle spasms involving the arms and legs or abdomen
  • EXCESSIVE sweat LOSS with HIGH WATER INTAKE but without adequate salt replacement
  • Dehydration
A

heat CRAMPS

119
Q
  • Minor disorder characterized by fainting.
  • Standing erect and immobile in hot environment due to pooling of blood in blood vessels of the skin and lower body parts
A

heat SYNCOPE

120
Q

Anoxic death that is due to decreased capacity of the blood to carry oxygen

A

Anemic Anoxic Death

121
Q

Anoxic death brought about by failure of circulation

A

Stagnant Anoxic Death

122
Q

Anoxic death due to failure of cellular oxidative process

A

Histotoxic anoxic death

123
Q

Sudden heart attack in the middlr of dinner due to asphyxia by choking

A

Café coronary

124
Q

Patient in prone position and the operator exerts pressure on the lower ribs at the rate of 12-15 times per minute

A

Schaefer method

  • emergency treatment in drowning
125
Q

Swing the arms of the patient forward and then pressing the chest wall every 3-5 seconds

A

Sylvester method

  • emergency treatment in drowning
126
Q

Skin is puckered and pale seen in drowning

A

Cutis anserina / goose flesh

127
Q

Whitish foam that accumulates in the mouth and nostrils seen in drowning

A

Champignon d’ocume

128
Q

Quantitative determination of chloride content of blood in the right and left ventricles of the heart

A

Gettler Test

saLt = Left
fResh = right
129
Q

Bronze color of the head and neck of a person who fies in water during the process of decomposition (drowning)

A

Tete de negri

130
Q

Murderer kneels or sits on the chest, and with his hands, closes the nostrils and mouth of the victim

A

Burking

131
Q

Type of death may be classified as traumatic asphyxia and may die due to difficulty of chest movement

A

Crucifixion

132
Q

Test to determine whether respiration took place on a newborn before death

A

Hypostatic test

  • Fodere test
  • Static test
133
Q
  • Dip organs in water

- organs will float and air bubbles are liberated to the surface water (breathing has taken place)

A

Stomach bowel test / Floatation test / Breslau second life test

134
Q

The disappearance of the gelatinous embryonic connective tissue in the middle ear is a sign of birth

A

Wredin test

135
Q

It is the civil status of the father with respect to the child begotten to him

A

Paternity

136
Q

It is the civil status of the child in relation to its mother

A

Filiation

137
Q

Child born:

  • after 180 days following marriage OR
  • within 300 days following dissolution of marriage
  • born in lawful wedlock
A

Legitimate (Proper) children

138
Q

Child born:
- out of wedlock

Requisites:

  • child must be natural
  • must be acknowledged by both parents before marriage
  • there must be subsequent marriage
A

Legitimated

139
Q

The act or proceeding by which relations of paternity and filiation are recognized as legally existing between persons not so related by nature

A

Adoption

140
Q

Child born:

  • out of lawful wedlock OR
  • after a competent time after its dissolution
A

Illegitimate

141
Q

Illegitimate children who are not considered natural

A

Spurious children

142
Q

Children conceived by prostitues

A

Manceres

143
Q

Children conceived in an act of adultery or concubinage

A

Adulterous children

144
Q

Children born of patents who ahvr been ordained in sacris (priest and nun)

A

Sacrelegious children

145
Q

Children born from parents with blood relationship

A

Incestuous children

146
Q

Maternity leave dates

A

2 weeks before expected delivery and

4 weeks after delivery/abortion

147
Q

Age of female that may be married

A
  • 14 and above

- above 18 and below 23: ask for parental consent

148
Q

Age of male that may be married

A
  • 16 and above

- above 20 and below 25: ask for parental consent

149
Q

Presidential decree number of instruction on family planning as a requisite fot marriage license

A

PD 965

ALCB - Legal Med (3 decks)

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