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Legal English 1 Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

asianosainen, asiapuoli, oikeudenkäyntiasianosainen, osapuoli, riitapuoli

A

partythe parties TO a legal action

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2
Q

sopimusoikeus

A

law of contract

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3
Q

oikeudenvastainen teko. siviilioikeudellinen rikkomus

A

tort

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4
Q

huolimattomuus

A

negligence

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5
Q

hallinnan loukkaus, kotirauhan rikkominen

A

trespass

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6
Q

häiriö

A

nuisance

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7
Q

rikos

A

offence = crime

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8
Q

for example

A

e.g. (exemplia gratia)

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9
Q

teko, toimi, toimenpide

A

act

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10
Q

laiminlyöminen, laiminlyönti, tekemättä jättäminen

A

omission

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11
Q

käsittely, oikeudenkäynti, oikeudenkäyntimenettely, prosessi

A

proceedings

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12
Q

menettely riita-asioissa

A

civil proceedings

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13
Q

menettely rikosasioissa

A

criminal proceedings

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14
Q

syyttäjä

A

prosecutor

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15
Q

syyttää

A

to prosecute

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16
Q

syyte

A

prosecution

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17
Q

syytetty, vastaaja

A

defendant

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18
Q

langettava päätös, tuomitseminen

A

conviction

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19
Q

julistaa syylliseksi

A

to convict

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20
Q

rangaista

A

to punish

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21
Q

rangaistus

A

punishment

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22
Q

elinkautinen vankeusrangaistus

A

life imprisonment

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23
Q

sakko

A

fine

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24
Q

ehdollinen vankeusrangaistus

A

probation

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25
Q

vapauttaa

A

to discharge someone without punishment

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26
Q

kantaja

A

plaintiff (claimant, after 1998 in England and Wales)

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27
Q

haastaa oikeuteen, käräjöidä

A

to sue

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28
Q

oikeuden tuomio, päätös

A

judgment

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29
Q

oikeuskeino

A

remedy/ remedies (pl.)

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30
Q

kieltomääräys, kieltotuomio

A

an injunction

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31
Q

luontoissuoritus

A

specific performance to perform a contract

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32
Q

vahingonkorvaus

A

damages

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33
Q

vastuunalainen, vastuuvelvollinen

A

liable

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34
Q

toimivalta

A

jurisdiction

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35
Q

alioikeus, ensimmäinen oikeusaste

A

a court of first instancea court of original jurisdiction

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36
Q

muutoksenhakutuomioistuin, valitusinstanssi, valitustuomioistuin

A

an appellate courta court of appellate jurisdictiona court of appealthe crown court exercises original and appellate jurisdictionthis court has jurisdiction over criminal and civil cases

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37
Q

oikeuden ratkaisu, tuomio

A

adjudication

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38
Q

testamentin valvominen

A

probate

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39
Q

kirkkolaki

A

canon law

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40
Q

testamentti

A

will

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41
Q

valittaa, hakea muutosta

A

to appealshe appealed against the sentence (G.B)he appealed the verdict (USA)an appeal is taken from the High Court to the Court of Appealappellate/ appeal (adj)

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42
Q

muutoksenhakija, valittaja

A

appellant

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43
Q

vastaaja

A

respondent

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44
Q

muutoksenhaku, valituslupa

A

leave to appeal

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45
Q

avio-, avioliitto-

A

matrimonial

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46
Q

avioliiton ulkopuolella syntynyt lapsi

A

illegitimate child

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47
Q

maallikkorauhantuomari

A

lay magistrate

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48
Q

palkkaa nauttiva rauhantuomari

A

stipendiary magistrate

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49
Q

lupa, suostumus

A

consent

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50
Q

syytetty henkilösyytetty

A

the accused personthe accusedto be accused of a crime, murder, etc.(to commit a crimehe committed arsonto be convicted of a criminal offence, murder, etc.)

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51
Q

todistustaakka, todistamisvelvollisuusvaadittu näyttö

A

burden of proofstandard of proofBeyond all reasonable doubtOn the balance of probabilities

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52
Q

päätös

A

verdictto reach a verdict

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53
Q

antaa vapauttava päätös, julistaa syyttömäksi, vapauttaa syytteestä

A

to acquitshe was acquitted of the crime

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54
Q

vapauttava tuomio

A

an acquittal

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55
Q

mitata rangaistus, tuomitatuomita joku rangaistukseenlangettaa tuomio

A

to sentenceto sentence someone to a punishmentto pass sentencesentencing (adj)

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56
Q

asettaa, määrätä, säätää

A

to imposeto impose a fine of 100 € to someone

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57
Q

uudelleenkäsittely

A

retrial

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58
Q

tappo

A

manslaughter

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59
Q

raiskaus

A

rape

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60
Q

murhapoltto, tuhopoltto

A

arson

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61
Q

esikuulustelu

A

preliminary enquiry

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62
Q

ensi näkemältä

A

prima facie

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63
Q

murto, murtovarkaus

A

burglary

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64
Q

To hear:

A

Some English courts hear both civil and criminal casesThe case will be heard in the High Court next week

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65
Q

A hearing:

A

The hearing lasted ten days.

66
Q

To try:

A

The court was not competent to try the case.He was tried in the Crown Court for arson.

67
Q

A trial:

A

She is on trial for armed robbery.Trial by jury

68
Q

To sit:

A

The court sat from 11 o’clock until 5 o’clock.

69
Q

A sitting:

A

There will be a sitting of the High Court next month.

70
Q

tekijä

A

perpetrator

71
Q

tappelu, tappelurikos

A

affray

72
Q

rikoksentekijä

A

offender

73
Q

väitetty rikoksentekijä

A

the alleged offender

74
Q

tuomioistuinlaitos

A

the judiciary

75
Q

to put a person on trial

A

–

76
Q

olettaa

A

to presume

77
Q

syyttömyysolettama

A

the presumption of innocence

78
Q

the convicted person

A

–

79
Q

lainvastainen tekorikollinen tietoisuus

A

actus reusmens rea

80
Q

aikoa, tarkoittaa aikomus, tahallisuus, tahto, tarkoitus harkittu, tahallinen tahallaan, tahallisesti

A

to intendintention /intent (n.)intentional (adj.) intentionally (adv.)

81
Q

huolimaton

A

reckless

82
Q

törkeä huolimattomuus

A

gross negligence

83
Q

kajota, loukata, rikkoaloukkaus

A

to infringeinfringement

84
Q

seurausvastuurikos

A

strict liability crime

85
Q

lainsäädäntö

A

legislation

86
Q

alaikäinen

A

minor

87
Q

to be liable for something

A

–

88
Q

” … to have prosecution brought against him or her”

A

–

89
Q

isännänvastuu

A

vicarious liability vicariously liable

90
Q

petospetollinen

A

fraudfraudulent

91
Q

päämies

A

principal

92
Q

suosia rikoksentekijää

A

to aid and abet a criminal

93
Q

THE JURY: VOCABULARY Supreme Court Act 1981, s. (section) 69 trial by jury = valamiesoikeudenkäynti to try triable = (of an offense) liable to a judicial trial.”Many offences are triable either way abolition to abolish = (Judicial corporal punishment of adults and juveniles was abolished ln England, Wales andScotland in 1948 and in Northern Ireland in 1968.) malicious = ilkeä, tahallinen (“malicious destruction of property”) malice = ilkeys, paha aikomus (the intention or desire to do evil; ill will.) to plead a plea of guilty = a guilty plea where a defendant admits formally to a crime in court qualified / disqualified for jury service eligible / ineligible for jury service Criminal Justice Bill provided that = on condition, as long as, providing elector to render s-e ineligible = to make s-e ineligible juror

A

–

94
Q

TYRER CASE VOCABULARYTEXT 1in accordance with article 43..under article 25..pursuant to section 56.. = as a result of, e.g. pursuant to conversation, the contract was draftedhereinafterto deliberate - to give careful thought to somethingdeliberate (adj.) : intentionalto deliver a judgmentto refer to something as - to give a name to somethingto refer a case to a court - to pass on a case to another court to decideto lodge an applicationapplicanthe pleaded guilty before the local juvenile court to unlawful assault occasioning actual bodily harmthe applicant was sentenced on the same day to three strokes of the birchhe appealed against the sentencethe appeal was heard and dismissedthe birchingto birchto amend = to alter or change, such as a pleading, a contract, a motion (as amended by section 8 ofthe Summary Jurisdiction Act 1960)an amendment a breach of the peace - a disturbance when harm is done or is likely to be done to a personrespectively - in the same order as the items that have just been mentionedTEXT 2fiscal system = tax systemprior to… - beforetreaty / treaties = sopimus (a formally concluded and ratified agreement between countries.)applicable toto apply - this treaty applies to the Isle of Manan express inclusion - an inclusion clearly stated in wordsto legislatelegislationlegislatureto abolishabolitionto endorse - to agree withto retain - to keepretentiona deterrentto deter s-e from doing s-e - to discourage s-e from doing s-g by showingthem that the result of such action would be unpleasantto re-affirm - to state again petition - adressi to cite - to quote, to refer to s-g he was convicted of a crime of violence

A

–

95
Q

law of succession

A

laws relating to how property shall pass to others whenthe owner dies.

96
Q
  1. to revokerevocationa revocation clause
A

peruuttaakumotato revoke a will

97
Q

perintö / testamenttilahjoitustestamentata

A
  1. a legacy/ a bequestto bequeath - he bequeathed his shares to his daughterto devise
98
Q

testator / testatrixwitness(es)

A

a person who has made a will or given a legacy.a woman who has made a will or given a legacy.

99
Q

estate / assets

A

kuolinpesä/ omaisuus / varat

100
Q

executor/executrix(executioner) = DIFFERENT THING!

A

testamentin toimeenpanija

101
Q

intestacyintestate - to die intestate

A

Intestacy is the condition of the estate of a person who dies owning property greater than the sum of their enforceable debts and funeral expenses without having made a valid will or other binding declaration

102
Q

a trust: a legal arrangement under which a person (a trustee) has a dutyto look after goods or money or property for another person(a beneficiary).he left his property in trust for his grandchildren

A

a beneficiary = edunsaajaa person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life insurance policy.

103
Q

to inherit an inheritance - an inheritance of £ 1.000to disinherit

A

he inherited £ 10.000 from his uncle

104
Q

to execute a will

A

to complete the formalities (signing and witnessingnecessary for the will to become legally valid

105
Q

(a) codicil

A

Lisätestamenttian addition or supplement that explains, modifies, or revokes a will or part of one.

106
Q

spouse / issue

A

aviopuoliso / puolisorintaperilliset

107
Q

net / gross

A

netto = velkojen vähentämisen jälkeenbrutto = kokonaisuus

108
Q

probate : legal acceptance that a will is validgrant of probate : the official document proving the will is genuine, givento the executors so that they can act on the terms of the willthe executor was granted probate / obtained probate

A

–

109
Q

an agreement made by a couple before they marry concerning the ownership of their respective assets should the marriage fail.

A

prenuptial agreementantenuptial agreementpremarital agreement

110
Q

money lent to another person usually to buy real estate, the real estate is used as security for the loan

A

mortgage

111
Q

to support; to enforce

A

to uphold

112
Q

to get round, to avoid

A

to circumvent

113
Q

previous marriagesbefore marriage

A

prior marriagesprior to marriage

114
Q

property devision

A

property disposition

115
Q

to make something invalid, to invalidate

A

to void

116
Q

conditions, terms or instructions which must be followed or carried out

A

binding provisions

117
Q

unenforceable

A

e.g. an unenforceable contract

118
Q

notary

A

a lawyer authorized to draw up and witness certain legal documents, thus making them official

119
Q

perustuslakiperustuslainmukainen perustuslainvastainen rikkomus, loukkaus rikkoa

A

constitution = perustuslakiconstitutional = perustuslainmukainen‘in conformity with the Constitution’ unconstitutional = perustuslainvastainen ‘in violation of the Constitution’violation = rikkomus, loukkaus to violate = rikkoa

120
Q

asiakirja

A

instrument

121
Q

lainsäädännöllinen (adj)

A

legislative

122
Q

määrätä, säätää

A

to prescribe “…the exercise of sovereign powers. …”

123
Q

lainmuutosperustuslain muutosmuuttaa

A

amendmentconstitutional amendment to amend

124
Q

here: laki, säädös

A

act

125
Q

asetus, järjestyssääntö, säädös

A

ordinance

126
Q

mitätön

A

null and void

127
Q

antaa toimivalta

A

to grant power to“… a grant of power …from … to …”to delegate powers to

128
Q

federated (adj.)

A

yhdistynyt

129
Q

toimivaltuudet on pidätetty

A

powers are reserved to

130
Q

nimenomainen

A

express (adj.)expressly

131
Q

jäännöstoimivalta, jäljelle jääneet toimivaltuudet

A

residual power

132
Q

to adopt a law, constitution, proposal

A

antaa säädös jne.

133
Q

taata

A

to assure

134
Q

here: ehto, määräys, säännös

A

provision

135
Q

lehdistö

A

the press

136
Q

ala, haara, toimiala

A

branch

137
Q

hallinto ja hallitushallinnollinen

A

executive (n.) hallinto ja hallitus executive (adj.) hallinnollinen

138
Q

lainsäädäntöelin, lainsäätäjä

A

legislature (n.) lainsäädäntöelin, lainsäätäjä legislative (adj.)

139
Q

oikeuslaitos, tuomioistuinlaitosjuridinen, oikeudellinen

A

the judiciary (n.) oikeuslaitos, tuomioistuinlaitosjudicial (adj.) juridinen, oikeudellinen

140
Q

aiheeton, asiaankuulumaton, kohtuuton

A

undue

141
Q

kiistää

A

to contest

142
Q

aihe, perusta, peruste, syy

A

ground/ grounds

143
Q

X conflicts with the Constitution, or a law S-g was held unconstitutional by the Supreme Court

A

–

144
Q

peruuttaa

A

to nullify

145
Q

liittohallitus

A

federal government

146
Q

panna täytäntöön, toimeenpanna

A

to enforce

147
Q

vaali valita

A

election vaali to elect valita to be re-elected

148
Q

toimikausi

A

term of office

149
Q

antaa säädös, hyväksyä laki

A

to enact

150
Q

käyttää vetoaan

A

to vetoa veto

151
Q

lakiehdotus

A

a bill

152
Q

hylätä

A

to overrule

153
Q

antaa jklle työtä

A

to assign duties to s-e

154
Q

ottaa virka vastaan

A

to assume an office

155
Q

“Under the U.S. Constitution …” a sitting President ?

A

–

156
Q

menettää virkansa

A

to be removed from office

157
Q

loppua, päättyä

A

to expire

158
Q

syyttää virkatoimestaan

A

to impeachimpeachment bill of impeachment

159
Q

riittävä todiste

A

sufficient evidence

160
Q

luonnostella, valmistella

A

to draft

161
Q

erota virasta

A

to resign from office

162
Q

EUROPEAN LAW: VOCABULARY “to be bound by Community law” (2) “Directives are binding on Member States” (33) “… law which binds both Member States and Community institutions” (16-17) to be bound BY + (adjective) noun to be binding ON + (adjective) noun to bind + (adjective) noun “capable of passing directly into national law” (4) “the passage of the European Communities Act 1972” (6-7) “pass into the law of a Member State automatically” (27) “passing a new law” (36) “detailed substantive provisions” (17-18) “The terms of the various treaties” (22-23) “the Court has already ruled on that particular issue” (52-53) “the Court of Justice has given a preliminary ruling” (54) Explaining what a law says: “The Treaty provides that further legislation may be made by the Council of Ministers and the Commission.” (24) “This is when the relevant part lays down an unconditional obligation and grants enforceable individual rights.” (42-43) “…where the action has exceeded the powers laid down by treaty.” (65) The law stipulates that corporations must have three governing bodies. The patent law specifies that the subject matter must be ‘useful’. The following verbs can also be used to express what a law says: The law states / sets forth / determines / prescribes that …

A

–

Legal English 1 (1 decks)

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