Legacy of the Middle Ages

Question 1

when did the Black Death spread into Europe and how

Answer 1

• spread from Asia to Europe in 1346
• transmitted through various means like fluids and parasites

Question 2

how much of the population did the black plague kill in Europe (estimation)

Answer 2

between 1/3 and 1/2

Question 3

how did 1/2 of the population dying from the Black Death effect the economy

Answer 3

• Less labour - peasants began to demand higher wages for their work due to their minority (positive consequence of black death)
• New prosperity for peasants who survived
• Fewer people demanding land and price of land drops - landowners assets drop in value

Question 4

what are the three different types of trade

Answer 4

• Provincial which is local markets and town
• Continental, larger shipments which come from more distant parts of Europe
• Intercontinental, more limited in middle ages and were focused on exotic products from the East

Question 5

what was the focus of trade

Answer 5

the Mediterranean

Question 6

what was developed due to Italians dominating trade

Answer 6

• insurance
• banking
• credit system
• finance

Question 7

who was Marco Polo

Answer 7

An European traveller engaging with the trade routes reaching Asia

Question 8

who was Ibn Buttuta

Answer 8

lived in Morrocco, 75,000 miles throughout his life journey

Question 9

what was the benefits of the Islamic world in relation to trading

Answer 9

• Islamic world offered much more scope to their travellers unlike Christian Europe
• Islamic world allowed access to knowledge which surpassed what Europe had

Question 10

what did Al-Razi develop during 10th century

Answer 10

• wrote medical textbooks using Indian knowledge
• Developed chemistry using his observations
• Adopted a rational approach to the natural world
  Helped the development of soap

Question 11

what did Al Batten say about astronomy and who developed this theory further

Answer 11

• he looked at the movement of stars
• further developed by Al-Tusi

Question 12

what was the natural philosophy of 13th century based upon

Answer 12

incorporated ideas from different places, building on pre-Christian ideas

Question 13

what did Copernicus discover and what resources did he use

Answer 13

• the heliocentric model, sun at the centre of the cosmos
• drew together by the legacy of Islamic scholars

Question 14

who were the three main philosophers of natural philosophy in the 13th century

Answer 14

• Roger Bacon
• Brunetto Latini
• Thomas Aquinas