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Leg > Leg Muscles > Flashcards

Leg Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectineous

A

Superior Ramos of pubis

Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

Femoral n

Adducts and flexes hip joint
Assists with medial rotation of hip joint

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2
Q

Sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Superior part of notch inferior to it

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

Femoral n

Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates hip joint
Flexes the knee

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3
Q

Psoas mj

A

Sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs in between them.
Transverse processes of all lumbar

Lesser trochanter of femur

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1-L2-L3

Acting conjointly in flexing the hip joint and in stabilizing this joint
Also a postoral muscle that helps control the deviation of the trunk and is active during standing

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4
Q

Iliacus

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligaments

Tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter, and femur distal to it

Femoral n

Acts with psoas mj in flexing the hip

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5
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine AIIS

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n (L2-L4)

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris also stabilizes hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex the hip

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6
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n L2,L3,L4

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris stabilizes hip and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

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7
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n L2,L3,L4

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris stabilizes hip and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

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8
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

via a common tendinous (quad tendon) and independent attachments to base of patella, indirectly via patellar ligament of tibial tuberosity, Vastus medialis and lateralis also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral and medial patellar rectinacula)

Femoral n L2,L3,L4

Extends knee joint, rectus femoris stabilizes hip and helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

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9
Q

Adductor longus

A

Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

Obturator n L2, L3, L4

Adducts hip joint

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10
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera

Obturator n L2, L3, L4

Adducts hip and extends it to some extent

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11
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity

Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondular line
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur

Adductor part: Obturator n L2, L3, L4
Hamstring: tibial part of sciatic n

Adducts hip joint, adductor part also flexes hip joint, hanstring part extends it

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12
Q

Gracilis

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

Obturator n (L2-L3)

Adducts hip, flexes knee and helps rotate it medially

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13
Q

Obturator externus

A

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

Trochanteric fossa of femur

Obturator n (L3, L4)

Laterally rotates hip joint
Pulls head of femur into acetabulum holding pelvis steady

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14
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

Most fibers end in ITB which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia, some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur

Inferior gluteal n

Extends hip joint between flexed and standing positions, assists in lateral rotation, steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position

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15
Q

Gluteus medius

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Lateral surface if greater trochanter

Superior gluteal n (L4,L5,S1)

Abduct and anterior portions medially rotate hip
Keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated

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16
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Superior gluteal n L4,L5,S1

Abduct and anterior portions medially rotate the hip.
Keep pelvis level when opposite limb is elevated

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17
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

Anterior superior iliac spine ASIS

ITB, which attaches to gerdy tubercle on lateral condyle of tibia

Superior gluteal n

Flexes hip joint, acts w gluteus maximus to stabilize the extended knee joint

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18
Q

Piriformis

A

Passes thru greater sciatic foramen

Anterior surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments, superior margin of greater sciatic notch, sacrotuberous ligament

Superior border of greater trochanter

Branches of anterior rami of S1,S2

Laterally rotate extended hip joint, abduct flexed hip, steady femoral head in acetabulum

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19
Q

Obturator internus

A

Passes thru lesser sciatic foramen
Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium, obturator membranes

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

Nerve to obturator internus

Laterally rotate extended hip joint, abduct flexed hip joint, steady femoral head in acetabulum

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20
Q

Gemelli superior and inferior

A

Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

Superior: same as obturator internus

Inferior: same as quadratus femoris

Laterally rotate extended hip joint, abduct flexed hip joint, steady femoral head in acetabulum

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21
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it

Nerve to quadratus femoris

Laterally rotate hip joint, also pulls femoral head into acetabulum to stabilize hip joint/ pelvis

22
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Ischial tuberosity

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

Tibial n (L5-S2)

Extend hip joint, flex knee joint and rotate leg medially when knee is flexed.
When hip and knee are flexed, can extend trunk

23
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity

Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia, reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)

Tibial n

Extend hip joint, flex knee joint and rotate leg medially when knee is flexed.
When hip and knee are flexed, can extend trunk

24
Q

Biceps femors long and short heads

A

Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: linea asper and lateral supracondular line of femur

Lateral side of head of fivula, tendon is split at this site by fibilar collateral ligament of the knee LCL

Long head: tibial n
Short head: common fibular n

Flexes knee joint and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed
Extends hip joint(when standing to walk)

25
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Lateral condule and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuniform and base of 1st metatarsal

Deep fibular n

Dorsiflexes ankle, inverts foot, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

26
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)

Deep fibular n

Extends great toe
Dorsiflexes ankle

27
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Lateral condyle of tibia and superior 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Deep fibular n

Extends lateral 4 digits, dorsiflexes ankle

28
Q

Fibularis tertius

A

Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Dorsum base of the 5th metacarpal

Deep fibular n

Dorsiflexes ankle, aids in eversion of foot

29
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Superficial fibular n

Evert foot
Weakly plantar flex ankle
Supports transverse arch of foot

30
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Middle part of lateral surface of fibula

Dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

Superficial fibular n

Evert foot
Weakly plantar flex ankle

31
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Lateral head: lateral aspect of later condyle of femur
Medial head: popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle

Posterior surface if calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Tibial n

Plantar flexes ankle when knee is extended, raises heel during walking, flexes knee joint

32
Q

Soleus

A

Posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line, and medial border of tibia

Posterior surface if calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Tibial n

Plantar flexes ankle, steadies leg and foot

33
Q

Plantaris

A

Inferior end of lateral supracondular line of femur and oblique popliteal fossa

Posterior surface if calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Tibial n

Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing ankle, function is mainly prioproceptive

34
Q

Popliteus

A

Lateral surfaces of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus (intra-articular within cavity of knee joint)

Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line

Tibial n

Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia, may also medially rotate tibia of implanted limb

35
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and inferior part of interosseous membrane

Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)

Tibial n

Flexes great toe at all joints
Weakly plantar flexes ankle
Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

36
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and by a broad tendon to fibula

Bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Tibial n

Flexes lateral 4 digits, plantar flexes ankle, supports longitudinal arches of foot

37
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula

Primarily to tuberosity of navicular, also to cuniforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals

Tibial

Plantar flexes ankle
Inverts foot
Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

38
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, And plantar aponeurosis

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Medial plantar n

Abducts and flexes 1st digit

39
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septum

Both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Medial plantar n

Flexes lateral 4 digits

40
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity if calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septum

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Lateral plantar n

Abducts and flexes 5th digit

41
Q

Quadratus plantae

A

Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus

Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Lateral plantar n

Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits

42
Q

Lumbricals

A

Tendons if flexor digitorum longus

Medial aspect of expansion over lateral 4 digits

Medial one: medial plantar n
Lateral 3: lateral plantar n

Flexes proximal phalanges
Extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

43
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

Plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneform

Both sides of base of proximal first digit

Medial plantar n

Flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit

44
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4
Transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3rd-5th metatarsophalangeal joints

Tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Deep branch of lateral plantar n

Adducts 1st digit, assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot

45
Q

Flexor digiti minimi

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Superficial branch of lateral plantar n

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, assisting in flexion

46
Q

Plantar interossei

3 muscles

A

Bases of medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th digits

Lateral plantar n

Adduct digits 3-5, flex metatarsophalangeal joints

47
Q

Dorsal interossei

4 muscles

A

Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5

First: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit
Second-fourth: lateral sides of 2nd-4th digits

Lateral plantar n

Abducts digits 2-4 and flexes metatarsophalangeal joints

48
Q

Coccygeus

A

Ischial spine

Anterior/inferior sacrum

Anterior rami of sacral plexus S4-S5

Supports pelvic viscera, coccygeal flexion

49
Q

Triceps coxae

A

Gemellus superior
Gemellus inferior
Obturator internus

50
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

Calcaneus, inferior extensor retinaculum

Base of proximal phalanx of great toe

Deep fibular nerve

Dually innervated?

51
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

Calcaneus, inferior extensor retinaculum

Tendons of extensor digitorum longus of digits 2-4

Deep fibular nerve

Leg (2 decks)

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