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CATA 337 > Leg and ankle > Flashcards

Leg and ankle Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of lower leg, ankle and foot

A

Impact absorption and Adaptation to uneven surfaces
Propulsion: act like a flexible lever
Support: act like a rigid structure that holds up the entire body

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2
Q

medial ligament of the feet

A

tibiocalcaneus, tibionavicular, plantar calcanei-navicular, anterior tibionavicular, post tibiotalar,

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3
Q

lateral ligament of the feet

A

post talofibular, ant talofibular, calcaneofibular, interosseao talocalcaneao, dorsal calcaneocuboid

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4
Q

posterior ligament of the feet

A

post tibiofibular, posterior talofibular, deltoid ligament

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5
Q

anterior ligament of the feet

A

dorsal talonavicular, dorsal talar lig, bifurcate lig

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6
Q

what are the 3 joints of the hind foot + leg + mvt and ligament involve

A

Tibiofibular joint -> Ant and post tib-fib
Talocrural joint -> DF and PF
med\lat lig
Subtalar joint (Talocalcanean) -> Gliding\rotation

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7
Q

tibiofibular joint : resting position, closed pack position and capsular pattern

A

Resting position:Plantar flexion
Close packed position: max dorsiflexion
capsular pattern: pain when joint is stressed packed position:

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8
Q

talocrural ankle joint: resting position, closed pack positon, capsular pattern

A

Resting position: 10 plantar flexion, midway between inversion and eversion
Close packed position: Maximum dorsiflexion
capsular pattern: plantar flexion, dorsiflexion

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9
Q

subtalar joint: resting position, closed pack positon, capsular pattern

A

resting position: midway between extreme ROM
closed packed position: supination
caspular pattern: limited ROM valgus and varus

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10
Q

joint of mid foot

A

Talocalcaneonavicular
Cuneonavicular
Cuboideonavicular
Intercuneiform
Cuneocuboid
Calcaneocuboid

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11
Q

fonction of mid foot joint

A

All the joints work together to allow the foot to adapt to many positions, but individually, each joint has limited movement.

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12
Q

midtarsal joint: resting position, closed packed position, capsular pattern

A

resting position: Midway between extremes of range of motion (ROM)
Close packed position: Supination
Capsular pattern: Dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, adduction medial rotation

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13
Q

Forefoot joint

A

tarsometatarsal (lisfranc joint) , intermetatarsal, metatarsophalangeal

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14
Q

what is the first symptom someone with a lisfranc injury have ?

A

can’t do plantar flexion while weightbaring (calf raise)

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15
Q

what is the name of the injury occurring at the tarsometatarsal joint

A

lisfranc

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16
Q

tarsometatarsal joint: resting position, closed packed position, capsular pattern

A

RP: midway between extremest ROM
CPP: supination
CP: none

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17
Q

metatarsophalangeal joint: resting position, closed packed position, capsular pattern

A

RP: 10 extension
CPP: full extension
CP: big toe extension, flexion and second to fifth toe variable

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18
Q

interphalangeal joint:resting position, closed packed position, capsular pattern

A

RP: slight flexion
CPP: full extension
CP: flexion, extension

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18
Q

interphalangeal joint:resting position, closed packed position, capsular pattern

A

RP: slight flexion
CPP: full extension
CP: flexion, extension

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19
Q

what do we need to observe when assessing a foot injury (during walking)

A

open chain -> swing phase look to see if talus is fixed
closed chain -> stance phase look to see if talus adapt

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19
Q

what do we need to observe when assessing a foot injury (during walking)

A

open chain -> swing phase look to see if talus is fixed
closed chain -> stance phase look to see if talus adapt

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20
Q

how munch weight is taking by the heel when normally standing and how munch by the metatarsal head

A

50 to 60 and 40 to 60

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21
Q

what is the typical angle of the toe when standing

A

12 to 18 degree from sagittal axis of the body vs 5 in child

22
Q

the medial longitudinal arch is support by what and form by what

A

form by Calcaneal tuberosity, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, 1-3 MT
supporter by: tib. Ant. and Post. Flex. Digi. Long\brevis
Flex. Hallux long., Abd. Hallucis, plantar fascia, spring big

23
Q

lateral longitudinal arch is form by and supported by

A

form by Calcaneus, cuboid, 4-5 metatarsal
supported by peroneus longus \ brevis \tertius, Abd dig. minimi, Flex. digi. Brevis, plantar fascia, long/short plantar

24
Q

transverse arch is support and form by

A

form by: Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and metatarsal bones
supported by: Tib. Post, Tib ant. , Peroneus longus ,Plantar fascia

25
Q

what happened during single leg support if the glut min and med is weak

A

the pelvis will drag down and shift center of gravity

26
Q

what is the normal gait

A

Heel contact in slight (Hip) LR with knee extended (up to 5° flex), foot is supinated

27
Q

during the mid stance the foot move to a supinate or pronate position

A

pronate

28
Q

during the push off the foot need to supinate or pronate

A

supinate

29
Q

do to weakness in which muscle the hip drop during walking

A

glut med

30
Q

due to weakness in which muscle the trunk stay in a extension position when walking

A

glut max

31
Q

due to weakness in which muscle there’s a limitation in the push off phase

A

plantar flexor

32
Q

ROM needed to descend and walking up stair

A

descend: full dorsiflexion
walk up; doors at 10o and 20 to 25o plantar flexion

33
Q

which test is done in order to measure the ankle dorsiflexion

A

ankle lunge test

34
Q

what are the active WB mat

A

A, Plantar flexion.
B, Dorsiflexion.
C, Supination.
D, Pronation.
E, Toe extension.
F, Toe flexion.

35
Q

Active NWB met

A

A, Plantar flexion.
B, Dorsiflexion.
C, Supination.
D, Pronation.
E, Toe extension.
F, Toe flexion.
G, Toe abduction.
H, Toe adduction.

36
Q

passive NWB met

A

Talocrural DF/PF
Subtalar In/Ev
lMid-Tarsal Ad/Abd
Toe F/E, Ad/Abd

37
Q

resisted isometric met of lower leg, ankle, foot

A

A, Knee flexion. B, Dorsiflexion. C, Plantar flexion. D, Supination. E, Pronation. F, Toe extension.

38
Q

what are the chronic special tests of lower leg

A

Neutral position of Talus (WB, NWB)
Fig
Leg-heel alignment
Tibial torsion
Feiss line
Leg length
“Too-many-toes

39
Q

what are the acute special test

A

Drawer
Kleiger
Squeeze

40
Q

what is test with ant drawer test

A

ant. talofibular ligament

41
Q

what does kleiger test

A

tib fib ligament (high syndemsosis lig), deltoid lig

42
Q

what test can we use to test a syndesmosis injury

A

distal tibiofibular compression test

43
Q

what is test during talar tilt

A

laxity in medial and lateral lig

44
Q

which test is testing arterial blood supply and consist of

A

burger’s
leg elevated 45, sit over edge positif is return of blood longer than 2 minutes

45
Q

what does a lack of reflex in Achille can indicate

A

possible spine issue

46
Q

which muscle do we test if we want to test reflex in lower leg

A

Achille and tib post

47
Q

what is the name of the test for nerve

A

tinel’s sign

48
Q

where does medial plantar nerve can get compresse or intrape

A

under spring lig (calauaneonavicualr lig)

49
Q

where does post tibial nerve can get compress

A

under flexor retinaculum

50
Q

where does deep perioneal nerve can get pinched

A

superior extensor retinaculum or inferior extensor retinaculum

51
Q

where does lateral + medial branch of deep perineal nerve can get pinched

A

lat: extensor tendon
med: hallucis longus brevis tendon

52
Q

which nerve can be pinched by the fascia in the foot

A

sup peroneal nerve

53
Q

which nerve can be stretch during inversion

A

sural nerve, superficial peroneal

54
Q

which mvt can stretch the sural nerve

A

inversion

55
Q

where do we palpate in the Ottawa ankle rule

A

Posterior edge, tip of lat.Malleolus
Base of 5th
Posterior edge, tip of med. Malleolus
Navicular

CATA 337 (2 decks)

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