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MSK Anatomy > Leg > Flashcards

Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorium longus, extensor hallunous longus, fibularis tertius

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2
Q

What is the origin of the tibialis anterior?

A

Lateral surface of tibia

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3
Q

What is the attachment of the tibialis anterior?

A

medial cuneiform and the base of metatarsal I

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4
Q

What is the action of the tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

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5
Q

What is the origin of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia and the medial surface of the fibula

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6
Q

What is the attachment of the extensor digitorium longus?

A

Fibres converge into a tendon that travels to the dorsal surface of the foot and splits into 4

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7
Q

What is the action of the extensor digitorium longus?

A

Extension of the lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of the foot

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8
Q

What is the origin of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

medial surface of the fibular shaft

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9
Q

What is the attachment of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

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10
Q

What is the action of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

extension of the great toe and dorsiflexion of the foot

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11
Q

What is the origin of the fibularis tertius?

A

Medial surface of the fibula with EDL

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12
Q

What is the attachment of the fibularis tertius?

A

metatarsal V

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13
Q

What is the action of the fibularis tertius?

A

Eversion and dorsiflexion of the foot

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14
Q

What is the nerve supply of the anterior compartment of the foot?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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15
Q

Muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg are split into what?

A

Superficial and deep

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16
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, soleus

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17
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Popliteus, tibilais posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

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18
Q

What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?

A

Lateral head - lateral femorla condyle

Medial head - medial condyle

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19
Q

What is the attachment of the gastrocnemius?

A

Combines with soleus (to form calcaneal tendon) and inserts onto the calcaneus

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20
Q

What is the action of the gastrocnemius?

A

Plantarflexes at the ankle joint, flexor at the knee

21
Q

What is the origin of the plantaris?

A

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

22
Q

What is the attachment of the plantaris?

A

Blend in with the calcaneal tendon

23
Q

What is the action of the plantaris?

A

Plantarflexes at the ankle joint, flexor at the knee

24
Q

What is the origin of the soleus?

A

Soleal line of the tibia and proximal fibular area

25
Q

What is the attachment of the soleus?

A

Joins the calcaneal tendon

26
Q

What is the action of the soleus?

A

Plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint

27
Q

What is the origin of the popliteus?

A

Posterior surface of the proximal tibia

28
Q

What is the attachment of the popliteus?

A

lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus of the knee joint

29
Q

What is the action of the popliteus?

A

Laterally rotates the femur on the tibia – ‘unlocking’ the knee joint so that flexion can occur

30
Q

What is the origin of the tibialis posterior?

A

Interosseous membrane

31
Q

What is the attachment of the tibialis posterior?

A

enters the foot posterior to the medial malleolus, and attaches to the plantar surfaces of the medial tarsal bones

32
Q

What is the action of the tibialis posterior?

A

Inverts and plantarflexes the foot, maintains the medial arch of the foot

33
Q

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Medial surface of the tibia

34
Q

What is the attachment of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

Attaches to the plantar surfaces of the lateral four digits

35
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

flexes the lateral four toes

36
Q

What is the origin of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

posterior surface of the fibula

37
Q

What is the attachment of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

plantar surface of the phalanx of the great toe

38
Q

What is the action of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

flexes the great toe

39
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

tibial nerve

40
Q

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

41
Q

What is the origin of the fibularis longus?

A

Superior and lateral surface of the fibula and the lateral tibial condyle

42
Q

What is the attachment of the fibularis longus?

A

the bones on the medial side, under the foot, namely the medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I.

43
Q

What is the action of the fibularis longus?

A

Eversion and plantarflexion of the foot. Also supports the lateral and transverse arches of the foot

44
Q

What is the origin of the fibularis brevis?

A

The inferolateral surface of the fibular shaft

45
Q

What is the attachment of the fibularis brevis?

A

tubercle on metatarsal V

46
Q

What is the action of the fibularis brevis?

A

Eversion of the foot

47
Q

Describe the pathway of the fibularis longus.

A

The fibres converge into a tendon, which descends into the foot, posterior to the lateral malleolus.
The tendon crosses under the foot

48
Q

Describe the pathway of the fibularis brevis.

A

Originates from the inferolateral surface of the fibular shaft. The muscle belly forms a tendon, which descends with the fibularis longus into the foot.
It travels posteriorly to the lateral malleolus, passing over the calcaneus and the cuboidal bones.

MSK Anatomy (2 decks)

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