Leg Flashcards by Kirsten Davis

What are the muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorium longus, extensor hallunous longus, fibularis tertius

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What is the origin of the tibialis anterior?

Lateral surface of tibia

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What is the attachment of the tibialis anterior?

medial cuneiform and the base of metatarsal I

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What is the action of the tibialis anterior?

Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

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What is the origin of the extensor digitorum longus?

Lateral condyle of the tibia and the medial surface of the fibula

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What is the attachment of the extensor digitorium longus?

Fibres converge into a tendon that travels to the dorsal surface of the foot and splits into 4

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What is the action of the extensor digitorium longus?

Extension of the lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of the foot

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What is the origin of the extensor hallucis longus?

medial surface of the fibular shaft

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What is the attachment of the extensor hallucis longus?

base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

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What is the action of the extensor hallucis longus?

extension of the great toe and dorsiflexion of the foot

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What is the origin of the fibularis tertius?

Medial surface of the fibula with EDL

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What is the attachment of the fibularis tertius?

metatarsal V

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What is the action of the fibularis tertius?

Eversion and dorsiflexion of the foot

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What is the nerve supply of the anterior compartment of the foot?

Deep fibular nerve

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Muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg are split into what?

Superficial and deep

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What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, soleus

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What are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Popliteus, tibilais posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

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What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?

Lateral head - lateral femorla condyle

Medial head - medial condyle

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What is the attachment of the gastrocnemius?

Combines with soleus (to form calcaneal tendon) and inserts onto the calcaneus

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What is the action of the gastrocnemius?

Plantarflexes at the ankle joint, flexor at the knee

What is the origin of the plantaris?

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

What is the attachment of the plantaris?

Blend in with the calcaneal tendon

What is the action of the plantaris?

Plantarflexes at the ankle joint, flexor at the knee

What is the origin of the soleus?

Soleal line of the tibia and proximal fibular area

What is the attachment of the soleus?

Joins the calcaneal tendon

What is the action of the soleus?

Plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint

What is the origin of the popliteus?

Posterior surface of the proximal tibia

What is the attachment of the popliteus?

lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus of the knee joint

What is the action of the popliteus?

Laterally rotates the femur on the tibia – ‘unlocking’ the knee joint so that flexion can occur

What is the origin of the tibialis posterior?

Interosseous membrane

What is the attachment of the tibialis posterior?

enters the foot posterior to the medial malleolus, and attaches to the plantar surfaces of the medial tarsal bones

What is the action of the tibialis posterior?

Inverts and plantarflexes the foot, maintains the medial arch of the foot

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus?

Medial surface of the tibia

What is the attachment of the flexor digitorum longus?

Attaches to the plantar surfaces of the lateral four digits

What is the action of the flexor digitorum longus?

flexes the lateral four toes

What is the origin of the flexor hallucis longus?

posterior surface of the fibula

What is the attachment of the flexor hallucis longus?

plantar surface of the phalanx of the great toe

What is the action of the flexor hallucis longus?

flexes the great toe

What is the nerve innervation of the posterior compartment of the leg?

tibial nerve

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

What is the origin of the fibularis longus?

Superior and lateral surface of the fibula and the lateral tibial condyle

What is the attachment of the fibularis longus?

the bones on the medial side, under the foot, namely the medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I.

What is the action of the fibularis longus?

Eversion and plantarflexion of the foot. Also supports the lateral and transverse arches of the foot

What is the origin of the fibularis brevis?

The inferolateral surface of the fibular shaft

What is the attachment of the fibularis brevis?

tubercle on metatarsal V

What is the action of the fibularis brevis?

Eversion of the foot

Describe the pathway of the fibularis longus.

The fibres converge into a tendon, which descends into the foot, posterior to the lateral malleolus. The tendon crosses under the foot

Describe the pathway of the fibularis brevis.

Originates from the inferolateral surface of the fibular shaft. The muscle belly forms a tendon, which descends with the fibularis longus into the foot. It travels posteriorly to the lateral malleolus, passing over the calcaneus and the cuboidal bones.