Left Ventricular Failure

Question 1

Definition of LVF

Answer 1

Inability of cardiac output to meet physiological demands that starts on left side then works to right side

Question 2

What are 3 symptoms of LVF

Answer 2

**backs up to pulmonary system

Paroxysmal nocturnal Dyspnoea
Wheeze
Noctural cough w/pink sputum

Question 3

What are 4 causes of LVF

Answer 3

Coronary Artery disease
HTN
Aortic / Mitral valve disease
Myocardial disease

Question 4

with a BT, what are we looking for that could help indicate LVF

Answer 4

BNP ==> See how much myocytes have stretched

Question 5

On a CXR, what are we looking for (…..)

Answer 5

ABCDE

A lveolar Oedema
B lines (Kerley)
C ardiomegaly
D ilated upper lobe vessels
E ffusion  (pleural)

Question 6

What are the 6 treatment drugs used in LVF

Answer 6

ABCDDS

A CE inhibitor (Ramipril)
B blockers (Bisoprolol)
C andesartan (Angiotensin receptor blocker)
D igoxin (Glycoside)
D iuretics (Furosemide)
S pironolactone

Question 7

What are 3 complications of LVF

Answer 7

Renal Failure

Valve dysfunction

Stroke

Question 8

What are 2 criteria used in LVF

Answer 8

Framingham Criteria

New York Heart Association Classification

Question 9

What are 5 Major Causes in Framingham Criteria (…..)

Answer 9

PAINS

P aroxysmal nocturnal Dyspnoea 
A cute Pulmonary Oedema
I ncreased Heart Size
N eck vein dilation
S 3 gallop

Question 10

What are 4 Minor Causes in Framingham Criteria (…..)

Answer 10

PAIN

P leural Effusion
A nkle Oedema
I ncreased HR
N octural Cough

Question 11

How do you use the Framingham Criteria

Answer 11

2 Majors

OR

1 Major + 2 Minor