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Block 12 Module 3 > Left to Right shunt > Flashcards

Left to Right shunt Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of ASD

A

secundum defect, primum

defect, and sinus venosus defect.

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2
Q

Only defect that lies inside the fossa ovalis

A

Ostium Secundum Defect

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3
Q

Most common type of ASD

A

Ostium Secundum Defect

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4
Q

Anterior to the fossa ovalis

A

Ostium Primum Defect

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5
Q

this is present 10% of ostium secundum ASD

A

Anomalous pulmo Venous return

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6
Q

Posterior to the fossa ovalis

A

Sinus Venosus Defect

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7
Q

physical signs of ASD

A

Relatively slender body build
precordial bulge
hyperdynamic cardiac impulse

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8
Q

medical management of ASD

A

diuretic in infants with CHF

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9
Q

preferred method for non surgical closure

A

catheter delivered closure device

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10
Q

kind of murmur in ASD

A

systolic ejection murmur at 2nd LICS

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11
Q

most common CHD

A

VSD

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12
Q

location of perimembranous defects (VSD)

A

beneath aoritc valve, posterior to the papillary muscles

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13
Q

most common VSD

A

Perimembranous defects

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14
Q

location of indundibular or conal (outlet) VSSD

A

beneath pulmonic valve

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15
Q

outlet defect is associated with

A

aortic insufficiency

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16
Q

location of inlet defect

A

posterior and inferior to the perimembranous

defect beneath the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve

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17
Q

location of midmuscular defect

A

posterior to the septal band

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18
Q

location of apical muscular defect

A

near the cardiac apex

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19
Q

this may be seen in ECG in those with moderate VSD

A

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (QRS widening) and
left atrial hypertrophy (Notching of P wave) may be
seen

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20
Q

this may be seen in ECG in those with large VSD

A

Biventricular hypertrophy with or without LAH

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21
Q

these serve as markers of specific type of VSD except for trabecular defects

A

cardiac valves

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22
Q

when does Spontaneous closure of perimembranous and muscular

defect occur

A

first 6 months

23
Q

CHF in large defect develops not until

A

6-8 weeks

24
Q

This is used to assess pulmonary arteriolar resistance

A

cardiac catheterization

25
Q

male to female ration of PDA

A

1:3

26
Q

PDA is associated with

A

Low birth weight and congenital Rubella syndrome

27
Q

if there is PVOD ___ is present in ECG

A

RVH

28
Q

PDA in term infants results from

A

structural
abnormality of the smooth muscle rather than a
decreased responsiveness of the ductal smooth
muscle to oxygen

29
Q

standard device used for non surgical closure for small PDA <3mm

A

gianturco stainless steel coils

30
Q

Larger ductus are closed by

A

Amplatzer PDA device

31
Q

weight requirement for closure using amplatzer

A

> 6kg

32
Q

standard procedure for surgical closure of PDA

A

PDA ligation and division

33
Q

how is VATS clip ligation performed

A

3 small ports in the 4th ICS

34
Q

what syndrome in right isomerism

A

asplenia

35
Q

what syndrome in left isomerism

A

polysplenia

36
Q

syndromes assctd with partal form of avsd

A

di george\

ellis van creveld

37
Q

four types of avsd

A

partial defect
complete
intermediate
common atrium

38
Q

there is a distinct and separate mitral and tricuspid annuli in this defect

A

partial avsd

39
Q

primum asd and cleft mitral v

A

partial avsd

40
Q

partial avsd is symptomatic with the presence of

A

mitral valve insufficiency

41
Q

ecg features of partial avsd

A

prolonged PR interval

P-wave changes indicating L and R atrial enlargement

42
Q

right atrial enlargement in ECG

A

peaked P wave (p pulmonale)

43
Q

left atrial enlargement in ECG

A

notched P wave ( P mitrale)

44
Q

standard for diagnosis and categorization of partial or complete AVSD

A

2d echo

45
Q

what should you do if you want to determine hemodynamic values in AVSD

A

cardiac catheterization

46
Q

Usually done on patients with Down syndrome with
inherent pulmonary hypertension, to determine the
operativity of the defect

A

CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION AND ANGIOGRAPHY

47
Q

symptoms of artial avsds are more severe due to

A

MR in infancy

48
Q

objectives of surgical repair in partial avsd

A

closure of interatrial communication
Restoration & preservation of the left
atrioventricular valve

49
Q

in complete avsd there is presence of

A

complete heart block:

atrioventricular dissociation

50
Q

symptoms in complete avsd is a result of

A
  • Large increase in pulmonary blood flow
  • Increased pulmonary artery pressure
  • Insufficiency of the common atrioventricular valve
51
Q

in terms of axis deviation in ECG, compare partial to complete avsd

A

complete avsd has more superior axis deviation

52
Q

gooseneck deformity is seen in

A

complete avsd

53
Q

gooseneck deformity is due to

A

anterior displacement of LVOT in avsd and produces elongation of LVOT

Block 12 Module 3 (4 decks)

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