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France - Bordeaux > Left Bank > Flashcards

Left Bank Flashcards

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French flashcards
1
Q

What is the history of the Medoc?

A

It was a salt marsh and pine forest until the 17th century when Dutch engineers created canals to drain the water from the land. This revealed gravel soils.

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2
Q

What kind of wine is the Medoc known for?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon-based wines. It has become the standard for Cabernet Sauv wines worldwide due to early trading in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries.

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3
Q

Where is the Medoc located?

A

North of the city of Bordeaux. On the left bank of the Garonne River and Gironde Estuary.

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4
Q

What is the soil in the Medoc?

A

Gravel that drains very well. Ideal for Cab Sauv

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5
Q

What kinds of wines are produced in the Medoc?

A

Red wines only, specifically Cab Sauv based blends.

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6
Q

What are the communes of the Medoc? (north to south)

A

Saint Estephe, Pauillac, Saint Julien, Margaux

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7
Q

What are the sub regions of the Medoc?

A

Medoc AOP
Haut Medoc AOP

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8
Q

What is the 1855 classification?

A

Emperor Napoleon III commissioned a ranking of the top Bordeaux chateaux for the Universal Exposition in Paris. Merchants and brokers did the rankings, breaking up chateaux into 5 tiers of quality.

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9
Q

How many chateaux were included in the 1855 classification?

A

61

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10
Q

What were the 1855 rankings based on?

A

Historical records of prices in the marketplace: the higher the price, the higher the ranking.

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11
Q

What communes were not included in the rankings?

A

Right Bank communes were not included

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12
Q

What are the 5 First Growth chateaux?

A

Lafite-Rothschild
Latour
Margaux
Haut-Brion
Mouton-Rothschild

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13
Q

What is unique about Haut-Brion?

A

It is the only First Growth outside of the Medoc. It is located in Pessac Leognan (in Graves). It was included because its wines had historical fetched high prices at market.

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14
Q

What is unique about Mouton-Rothschild?

A

Mouton-Rothschild was added as a First Growth in 1973 after years of lobbying. It was originally a 2nd growth chateau. It is the only chateau to have moved positions in the 1855 classification

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15
Q

Is the 1855 classification part of the AOP system?

A

No.

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16
Q

What are the top recent vintages of the Medoc?

A

Reds: 2017, 2016, 2015, 2010, 2009, 2005
Whites: 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2008, 2007, 2006

17
Q

Where is Graves?

A

South of the Medoc and the city of Bordeaux. On the left bank of the Garonne river

18
Q

What is the soil in Graves?

A

Gravel

19
Q

What kinds of wines are made in Graves?

A

White wines made from Sauv Blanc, Semillon
Red wines made from Cab Sauv, Merlot, and Cab Franc

20
Q

What is the overarching AOP of Graves?

A

Graves AOP

21
Q

What are the Sub-regional AOPs in Graves?

A

Pessac-Leognan AOP
Sauternes AOP
Barsac AOP

22
Q

What is the geography of Pessac Leognan?

A

Northern part of Graves. South of city of Bordeaux.

23
Q

What kinds of wines are made in Pessac-Leognan?

A

Dry whites and reds.
Use of new French oak is common

24
Q

What is the famous Chateau of Pessac-Leognan?

A

Chateau Haut Brion

25
Q

What is the geography of Sauternes AOP?

A

Southern part of Graves, bordered by Garonne river and Ciron River.

26
Q

What kinds of wines are made in Sauternes?

A

Sweet wines made with botrytis.
Often aged in new French oak

27
Q

What about the Ciron river makes Sauternes unique?

A

The Ciron river is much cooler than the Garonne. When the Ciron empties into the Garonne it creates a fog and humidity that allows Botrytis to grow in the vineyards.

28
Q

What are the AOPs of Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Entre-Deux-Mers AOP

29
Q

Where is Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

The large area between the Dordogne and Garonne Rivers

30
Q

What does “Entre-Deux-Mers” translate to?

A

Land between two seas

31
Q

What is the soil of Entre-deux-mers?

A

Very fertile silt

32
Q

What kinds of grapes are grown here?

A

Sauv Blanc, Semillon, Muscadelle

33
Q

What kinds of wines are produced here?

A

Dry white wines only (that use the Entre-Deux-Mers AOP)
Little to no oak, mostly stainless steel fermentation

34
Q

What designation is used for red wines produced in this area?

A

Bordeaux AOP

35
Q

Is there a classification system in Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

No

36
Q

How do the fertile soils of Entre-Deux-Mers contribute to the potential quality of the wines?

A

Super fertile soils produce lower quality wines

France - Bordeaux (3 decks)

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