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LEED GA > LEED GA Exam Flashcards > Flashcards

LEED GA Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the Minimum Program Requirements (MPR) for a LEED project?

A
  1. Must be in a permanent location on existing land
  2. Must use a reasonable site boundary
  3. Must comply with the project size requirements
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2
Q

What is ASHRAE 62.1 related to?

A

ASHRAE 62.1 is related to ventilation, controlling air contaminant levels, humidity, and temperature within a space.

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3
Q

What is ASHRAE 55 related to?

A

ASHRAE 55 is related to the comfort criteria of specific design conditions that take into account temperature, humidity, air speed, outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, seasonal clothing, and expected activity. These all relates to occupant thermal comfort.

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4
Q

What is ASHRAE 90.1 related to?

A

ASHRAE 90.1 relates to HVAC systems. HVAC systems are defined as: equipment, distribution systems, and terminals that provide the processes of heating, ventilating, or air-conditioning.

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5
Q

What does ASHRAE stand for?

A

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers

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6
Q

What ASHRAE standards would be used for the Energy and Atmosphere category?

A

ASHRAE 90.1

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7
Q

What ASHRAE standards would be used for the Indoor Enviornmental Quality category?

A

ASHRAE 62.1 is related to ventilation and ASHRAE 55 is related to the thermal comfort criteria of occupants.

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8
Q

What standard addresses the thermal comfort of building occupants?

A

ASHRAE 55

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9
Q

What LEED category would SMACNA standards be used for?

A

Indoor Envionmental Quality (IEQ)

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10
Q

What LEED category would the Green-e standard be used for?

A

Energy and Atmosphere (EA)

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11
Q

What LEED categories contain standards related to VOC emissions?

A

Materials & Resources (MR) and Indoor Enviornmental Quality (IEQ)

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12
Q

What is a MERV rating?

A

Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV). MERV ratings are used to rate the ability of an air conditioning filter to remove dust from the air as it passes through the filter. MERV ratings range from 1 (lease efficient) to 16 (most efficient)

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13
Q

What is the EP Act of 1992?

A

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct 1992) covers many products and services related to energy. It also sets standards for toilets and other water fixtures in both commerical and residential models.

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14
Q

What is ISO 14021?

A

The ISO 14021 series standards, Enviornmental Labels and Declaration, are communication tools that convey information on enviornmental aspects of a product or service to the market. This standard is used for recycled materials to label their pre and/or post-consumer content.

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15
Q

What is IESNA?

A

Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. Publisher of lighting design and illumination standards.

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16
Q

What is Green-e?

A

Green-e is a program established to promote green electricity products and provide consumers with a nationally recognized method to identify those products.

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17
Q

What does an ENERGY STAR rating refer to?

A

The ENERGY STAR rating is a measure of a building’s energy performance compared with that of similar buildings, as determined by ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager. A score of 50 represents average building performance.

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18
Q

What does Certification by FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL mean?

A

Certification means forest managers have adopted enviornmentally and socially responsible forest management practices. And certification allows companies to manufacture and sell products made from sustainable wood.

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19
Q

What is Chain-of-Custody (CoC) Certification?

A

Chain of Custody refers to chronological documentation or paper trail. CoC is important in LEED when dealing with certified wood. Companies that process, manufacture, and/or sell products made of certified wood can earn CoC certification by having an audit done of their documentation. This certification shows the FSC that the name and logo are being used correctly.

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20
Q

What are CREDIT INTERPERTATION RULINGS (CIR)?

A

They are designed for technical and administrative guidance for MPR, Prerequisites, and Credits. They may be submitted any time after the project is registered and must be completed using LEED online. Do not write as a letter. CIRs can contain maximum 600 words. The CIR may NOT include attachments, cut-sheets, plans or drawings.

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21
Q

CIRs can be used for what purpose(s)?

A

CIRs are use to ask one clear and concise question for technical and administrative guidance on MPRs, Prerequisites, or Credits.

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22
Q

For multipe building developments who determines the LEED PROJECT BOUNDARY?

A

The project team.

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23
Q

What is LEED online?

A

LEED online is the primary rosource for managing the LEED documentation process.

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24
Q

What are some of the features of LEED online?

A

Through LEED online, project teams can manage project details, complete documentation requirements for LEED credits and prerequisites, upload supporting files, submit applications for review, receive reviewer feedback, and ultimately earn LEED certification.

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25
Q

What is the purpose of a LEED SCORECARD?

A

The LEED Scorecard is to assist in determining the Total Project Score and achievable credits at the incepttion of a LEED project.

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26
Q

Where can the LEED Score Card be found?

A

USGBC’s website

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27
Q

What are the LEED Reference Guides used for?

A

A user’s manual that guides a LEED project from registration to certification of the design and construction of a project.

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28
Q

What do the LEED Reference Guides contain?

A

Strategies, case studies, and documentation requirements for each credit and prerequisite in a rating system.

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29
Q

Who can access LEED online?

A

Anyone assigned to a project by the project administrator.

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30
Q

What general documentation must be submitted for LEED certification?

A

Project narrative

  1. Project photos/drawings
  2. Typical floor plans
  3. Elevations
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31
Q

What organization is responsible for LEED project registration?

A

GBCI

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32
Q

What is a LEED intent?

A

Identifies the main sustainability goal or benefit of the prerequisite or credit. (USGBC)

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33
Q

What does a PREREQUISITE represent?

A

A prerequisite represents the key criteria that define green building performance. They must be compelted for a project to earn certification.

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34
Q

Why do projects need to meet prerequisites?

A

Prerequisites represent the key criteria that define green building performance.

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35
Q

How many CERTIFICATION LEVELS are available to a LEED PROJECT?

A

4

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36
Q

What are the different certification levels LEED projects can earn?

A
  • Certified
  • Silver
  • Gold
  • Platinum
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37
Q

How are CIRs submitted?

A

Credit interpretation requests must be submitted through LEED online.

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38
Q

What are the amount of points a credit can earn (credit weighting) based on?

A

How well the credit address environmentla and health concerns.

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39
Q

What is environmental sustainability?

A

Long-term maintenance of ecosystem components and functions for future generations. (EPA)

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40
Q

What is considered a construction HARD COST?

A

Construction hard cost are considered to be CSI MasterFormat 2004 Edition Divisions 03-10, 31 (Section 31.60.00 Foundations) and 32 (Sections 32.10.00 Paving) 32.30.00 Site Improvements, and 32.90.00 Planting

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41
Q

What is a construction hard cost?

A

By far the largest portion of the expenses in a construction budget, the hard costs are mostly comprised of the actual construction costs incurred to build the project. Examples of hard costs include masonary, wood, steel, carpet, tile, mechanical systems, roofing.

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42
Q

What are some examples of construction hard costs?

A

Cement, steel, drywall, wood, land

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43
Q

What are CONSTRUCTION SOFT COSTS?

A

Soft costs are expense items that are not considered direct construction costs such as legal fees and building permitting.

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44
Q

What is meant by LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT?

A

A Life-Cycle assessment is an analysis of the environment aspects and potential impacts associated with a product, process, or service.

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45
Q

What are some examples of construction SOFT COSTS?

A

Examples include architectural, engineering, financing, and legal fees.

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46
Q

What factors dictate how much a projects CERTIFICATION fees will cost?

A

The rating system is which the project is registered under, the size of the project in square feet, and the date in which the project was registered.

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47
Q

LEED promotes what type of approach to sustainability?

A

A whole building approach.

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48
Q

What has USGBC adapted to establish metrics and rating systems to measure building performance?

A

Triple bottom line

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49
Q

When can a LEED project be eligible to display the LEED plaque and other marketing material?

A

LEED projects are eligible following the acceptance of a final certification review.

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50
Q

What does each category in the LEED rating system consist of?

A

Prerequisites and credits

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51
Q

What are names of the LEED Rating Systems?

A 
Building Design and Construction (BD+C)
Interior Design and Construction (ID+C)
Operations and Maintenance (O+M)
Neighborhood Development (ND)
Homes
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52
Q

What is LEED?

A

An internationally recognized green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor enviornmental quality, and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts (USGBC)

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53
Q

What does LEED stand for?

A

The Leadership in Energy and Enviornmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System

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54
Q

What parts of the LEED rating system are optional?

A

Credits are optional, prerequisites are required.

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55
Q

How is LEED developed?

A

LEED Rating Systems are developed through an open, consensus-based process led by LEED volunteer committees.

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56
Q

What is the total number of points available a LEED project can earn?

A

110 possible points

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57
Q

What are the different point/certification levels for LEED certification?

A
  • Certified, 40-49 points
  • Silver, 50-59 points
  • Gold, 60-79 points
  • Platinum, 80+ points
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58
Q

What is SMACNA used for?

A

Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractor’s National Association (SMACNA) guidelines play a key role in construction activity pollution prevention. The standard provides an overview of air pollutants associated with construction, control measures, construction process management, quality control, among other things.

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59
Q

What is Green Seal used for?

A

Green Seal is an independent nonprofit organization that indentifies and promotes products that are enviornmentally preferable. Several of its standards measure VOC limits in products.

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60
Q

What type of products are related to the Green Seal standard?

A

Paint and primers

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61
Q

What LEED credit category has credits that reference the Green Seal standard?

A

Indoor Enviornmental Quality (IEQ)

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62
Q

What are LEED credit templates?

A

The documentation forms used to prove the requirements of a prerequisite or credit have been met. These will be filled out in LEED online.

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63
Q

What is a PRELIMINARY RATING?

A

The target score the project team will attempt to achieve. The final score, based on the number of points awarded, may be more or less than the preliminary rating.

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64
Q

Can a project earn MULTIPLE CERTIFICATIONS?

A

Yes. Projects can earn more than one LEED certification depending on the Rating Systems

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65
Q

What are some ways the TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE is referred to?

A
  1. Ecology, enviornment, economics
  2. People, profit, planet
  3. Economics, ecology, social equity
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66
Q

What is the triple bottom line?

A

A change from being primarily financially driven to considering economics, enviornment, and social responsibility

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67
Q

What is a LEED CREDIT?

A

Part of the LEED Rating System. Projects earn points by meeting the requirements of credits in order to acheive building certification.

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68
Q

What CREDIT CATEGORIES are shared among most LEED rating systems?

A

Location and Transportation, Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy and Atmoshphere, Materials and Resources, Indoor Enviornmental Quality, Innovation

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69
Q

What is a GREEN SCORE?

A

A green score measures the “greenness” of an automobile.

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70
Q

What is the highest LEED CERTIFICATION LEVEL?

A

Platinum

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71
Q

What is a LEED category?

A

A subset of the LEED Rating System. Each rating system has several green building catergories.

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72
Q

What is a CIR?

A

A CIR is a credit interpretation ruling and is a process for project applicants seeking technical and administrative guidance on how LEED credits apply to their projects and vice versa.

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73
Q

What is USGBC?

A

A non-profit trade organization that promotes sustainability in how buildings are designed, built, and operated.

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74
Q

What does SUSTAINABILITY mean?

A

Sustainability is meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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75
Q

Who develops LEED?

A

Volunteer committees

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76
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C be used for?

A

New construction and major renovations.

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77
Q

What types of projects would LEED ID+C be used for?

A

Interior fit-outs.

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78
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Core & Shell be used for?

A

For designers, builders, developers and new building owners who want to address sustainable design for new core and shell construction. Covers base building elements such as structure, envelope and the HVAC system.

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79
Q

What types of projects would LEED for Homes be used for?

A

High-performance green homes.

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80
Q

What types of projects would LEED O+M be used for?

A

Existing buildings that are undergoing improvement work or little to no construction.

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81
Q

What types of projects would LEED for Neighborhood Development be used for?

A

New land development projects or redevelopment projects containing residential uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix.

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82
Q

What tupes of projects would LEED BD+C: Schools be used for?

A

The designand construction of K-12 schools. Based on the LEED for New Construction rating system, it addresses issues such as classroom acoustics, master planning, mold prevention and enviornmental site assessment.

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83
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Retail be used for?

A

The different types of spaces that retailers need for their distinctive product lines.

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84
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Healthcare be used for?

A

Sustainable planning, design and construction for high-performance healthcare facilities.

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85
Q

True or False: Can a product earn LEED certificaton?

A

False

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86
Q

What LEED category can earn points for low-emitting materials?

A

Indoor Enviornmental Quality (IEQ)

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87
Q

What is life cycle costing?

A

Evaluates a product’s economic performance.

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88
Q

What is life cycle assessment?

A

The investigation and valuation of the enviornmental impacts of a given product or service caused or necessitated by its existence.

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89
Q

When should life cycle assessment be used?

A

When considering the products long term environmental impact over the products lifetime.

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90
Q

Why should you use life cycle costing?

A

When there exists project alternatives that fulfill the same performance requirements, but differ with respect to initial costs and operating costs. The comparison can help maximize net savings.

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91
Q

True or False: LEED projects are more expensive than traditional projects.

A

FALSE Generally this is false, but sometimes they cost more or less depending on the situation. This point is often argued among the building community.

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92
Q

Trueor False: Using an integrative process takes longer than traditional projects.

A

FALSE

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93
Q

What is value engineering?

A

Analysis of the requirements of a project for the purpose of achieving the essential functions at the lowest total cost.

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94
Q

What is previous pavement used for?

A

Previous pavement is used to reduce runoff by allowing runoff to filter through the previous material.

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95
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE?

A

It is a measure of the ability of a surface material to reflect sunlight in forms of visible, infared, and ultraviolet wavelengths, which is measured on a scale of 0 to 1. Black paint has an albedo of 0 and white paint has an albedo of 1.

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96
Q

What is HEAT ISLAND effect?

A

The heat island effect is a situation where the absorpotion of heat by hardscapes, buildings and dark materials then radiates to surrounding areas. The term describes the event where radiant air and surface temperature in urban areas are higher than rural or suburban areas nearby.

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97
Q

What can cause the heat island effect?

A
  • Dark surfaces that absorb heat (black roofs, asphalt)
  • vehicle exhaust
  • air conditioners
  • reduced air flow from tall buildings that narrow streets
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98
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE INDEX (SRI)?

A

A measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiaiton. It is defined such that a standard black surface (initual solar reflectance 0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.08, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRi of 100.

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99
Q

What are the benefits of reducing heat islands?

A

Reducing heat islands reduces air temperatures which would reduce the need to cool that air in buildings. Thus energy consumption is lowered.

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100
Q

What are some types of DIVERSE USES?

A

Bank, Place of Worship, Convenience Grocery, Day Care Center, Cleaners, Fire Station, Beauty Salon, Hardware, Laundry, Library, Ledical or Dental Office, Senior Care Facility, Park, Pharmacy, Post Office, Restaurant, School, Supermarket, Theatre, Community

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101
Q

What are some ways to reduce automobile parking?

A

Select a site near mass transit
Promote carpooling
Install less parking
Install bicycle racks

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102
Q

What is a BROWNFIELD?

A

Real property whose use may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.

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103
Q

What do reflective materials help with?

A

Reducing the heat island effect.

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104
Q

What are ways to reduce single passenger vehicles traveling to a project site?

A

Locate the site near mass transit, promote carpooling, reduce parking spaces, install bicycle racks

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105
Q

What does PREFERRED PARKING refer to?

A

Preferred parking refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main enterance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons) or parking passes provided at a discounted price.

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106
Q

What term defines paving systems that ae open and allow moisture to soak into the ground below?

A

Pervious. There are many types of pervious paving systems.

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107
Q

What minimum Green Score is required by LEED for a vehicle to qualify as a green vehicle?

A

A minimum Green Score of 45 is required on the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide.

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108
Q

What do IMPERVIOUS surfaces promote?

A

It promotes water runoff instead of infiltration into the subsurface. This term is mostly used when discussing hardscape surfaces.

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109
Q

By what amount can HEAT ISLANDS elevate temperatures in urban area?

A

10 degrees F or more

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110
Q

Heat islands impact what LEED category(s)?

A

Sustainable Sites (SS) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA). Heat islands increase temperatures resulting in the need for more air conditioning (and more energy to cool the air).

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111
Q

What STRATEGIES are employed to reduce the HEAT-ISLANDS?

A

Strategies include using materials with higher solar reflectance properties in the site design, provide shaded areas, and reduce hardscape surfaces and installing vegetated roofs.

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112
Q

What generally defines OPEN SPACE area?

A

Local zoning requirements

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113
Q

What does the BUILDING FOOTPRINT consists of?

A

The area on a project site used by the building structure and defined by the perimeter of the building plan.

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114
Q

What is light pollution?

A

Waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes energy.

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115
Q

What is a benefit of locating a project near mass transit?

A

Reduced automobile use which reduces automobile emissions.

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116
Q

What is GREENFIELD site?

A

A site not previously developed or graded that could support open space, habitat, or agriculture.

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117
Q

What are examples of IMPERVIOUS surfaces?

A

Parking lots, roads, sidewalks, and plazas.

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118
Q

How is development denisty calculated?

A

By drawing a radius from the project building.

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119
Q

What is the purpose of locating a project in an area with DIVERSE USES?

A

Locating near diverse uses promotes walking which helps to limit urban sprawl and reduces automobile use.

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120
Q

What is a DIVERSE USE?

A

A distinct, officially recognized business, nonprofit, civic, religious, or governmental organization, or dwelling units (residential use) or officces (commerical office use). It has a stationary postal address and it publicly available. It does not include automated facilities such as ATMs, vending machines, and touchscreens.

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121
Q

How are diverse uses identified for a project?

A

By walking distance from the project site.

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122
Q

What helps reduce the heat island effect?

A 
Light colored paving materials 
Green roofs
Cool roofs
Shading
Underground parking
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123
Q

What is PEDESTRIAN ACCESS?

A

Pedestrian access allows pedestrians to walk between areas without interference from walls, highways or other barriers.

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124
Q

What is PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED site?

A

A site that was previously built on, has been graded, or contained a parking lot, roadway, or other structure.

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125
Q

What is the DEVELOPEMENT FOOTPRINT?

A

The development footprint includes all areas of a site affected by the development or project site activity. Include hardscapes, parking lots, access roads, non-building facilities and the building itself.

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126
Q

What is an ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicle?

A

An alternative fueled vehicle uses low-polluting, nongasoline fiels such as electricity, hydrogen, propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and ethanol.

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127
Q

What are some examples of mass transit?

A

Busses
Ferries
Rail lines
Shuttles

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128
Q

What is OPEN SPACE?

A

Open space is undeveloped land, but it differs from greenfield sites since open space could have been developed in the past and restored to an undeveloped state.

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129
Q

What is a FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE)?

A

Is a regular building occupant who spends 40 hours per week in the project building. Part-time or overtime occupants have FTE values based on their hours per week divided by 40. Multiple shifts are included or excluded depending on the intent and requirements of the credit.

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130
Q

How can potable water use be reduced for irrigation?

A

Use gratwater or rainwater for watering
Use drip irrigation
Install native and adaptive plants

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131
Q

What two measurements are used to calculate a percent reduction in water use?

A

A basline design case and an installed design case.

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132
Q

What are transient occupants?

A

Building visitors and other part time or occasional occupants, such as students, volunteers, visitors, etc.

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133
Q

What variables are used in determining FTE calculations?

A

The type of building occupant (full-time, part-time, transient) and the hours worked per week.

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134
Q

What does runoff contribute to?

A

Soil erosion and sedimentation of local waterways.

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135
Q

HARVESTED RAINWATER can be substituted for what types of potable water use?

A

Landscape irrigation, fire suppression, toilet and urinal flushing, and custodial uses.

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136
Q

What does a VEGETATED roof consist of?

A

Vegetation, growing medium, filter fabric, drainage, and a waterproof membrane.

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137
Q

What does GPF stand for?

A

Gallons per Flush. The unit of measurement for flush fixtures (urinals, water closets)

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138
Q

What is bioswale?

A

Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water. They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides and filled with vegetation compost and/or riprap.

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139
Q

What does GPM stand for?

A

Gallons per Minute. The unit of measurment for flow fixtures (faucets, showers)

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140
Q

What is sedimentation?

A

When runoff deposits sediment into water ways, leading to a decline in water quality by blocking sunlight.

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141
Q

What is graywater?

A

Domestic wastewater composed of wash water from kitchen, bathroom, and laundry sinks, tubs, and washers. (EPA)

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142
Q

What codes define GRAYWATER?

A

Local and state authorities along with the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) in its Appendix G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings & The International Plumbing Code (IPC) Appendix C, Gray Water Recycling Systems

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143
Q

Irrigation impacts what LEED categories?

A

Water Efficiency (WE) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA)

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144
Q

What is BLACKWATER?

A

Blackwater is wastewater from toilets and urinals. Wastewater from kitchen sinks (perhaps differentiated by the use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered blackwater under some state or local codes.

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145
Q

What is XERISCAPING?

A

Xeriscaping is a landscaping method that makes routine irrigation unnecessary. It uses drought-adaptive and low-water plants as well as soil amendmenets such as compost and mulches to reduce evaporation.

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146
Q

Water saving fixtures can reduce water use in a project by what amount?

A

30% (USGBC)

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147
Q

What is DRIP IRRIGATION?

A

Drip irrigation delivers water at low pressure through buried mains and sub mains. Water is distributed to the soil through a network of perforated tubes or emitters. Drip irrigation is much more efficient than traditional sprinkler systems.

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148
Q

What are NOXIOUS weeds?

A

They are an invasive species of plants that inhibit the cultivation and growth of local native or adaptive plants.

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149
Q

What are NATIVE or INDIGENOUS plants?

A

They are adapted to a given area during a defined time period and are not invasive. In North America, the term often refers to plants growing in a region prior to the time of settlement by people of European descent.

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150
Q

What are considered INVASIVE plants?

A

They are nonnative to the ecosystem and likely to cause harm once introduced. These species are characteristically adaptable and aggressive, have a high reproductive capacity, and tend to overrun the ecosystems they enter. Collectively, they are among the greatest threats to biodiveristy and ecosystem stability.

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151
Q

What is the definition of POTABLE WATER?

A

Potable water meets or exceeds EPA’s drinking water quality standwards and is approved for human consumption by the state or local authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or municipal water systems.

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152
Q

What are some uses of NONPOTABLE water?

A

Landscape irrigation, toilet and urinal flushing, custodial purposed, and building systems.

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153
Q

What are some of the benefits of VEGETATED ROOFS?

A

They reduce the heat island effect, retain runoff, insulating benefits, aesthetically pleasing, have longer life and less maintenance than conventional roofs.

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154
Q

What would you use for EPAct of 1992 for?

A

Measuring the baseline case water use for the Water Efficiency credits.

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155
Q

What are some examples of GRAYWATER?

A

Water from bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, water from clothes-washer and laundry tubs. Some cases allow for kitchen sinks depending on state and loca authorities.

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156
Q

Reductions in portable water consumption from water efficient landscpaing are attributed to what techniques?

A

Choosing the correct plant species, density and micoclimate factors. Irrigation efficiency, use of captured rainwater, use of recycled wastewater, use of water treated and conveyed by a public agency specifically for nonpotable uses or absolutely no potable water use.

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157
Q

What are some ways to capture rainwater to prevent runoff?

A

Rain gardens
Green roofs
Retention pond
Bioretention pond

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158
Q

What factors are used to establish a baseline water demand when calculating for water efficiency in commercial or residential applications?

A

Calculations are based on estimated occupancy usage and must include only the following fixtures and fixture fittings (as applicable to the project scope): water closets, urinals, lavatory faucets, showers, kitchen skink faucets, and prerinse spray valves.

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159
Q

In LEED Water Efficiency addresses what enviornmental concerns for building use and disposal?

A

Monitoring water consumption performance, reduction in indoor potable water consumption, reduction in water consumption to save energy and improve enviornmental well-being, and practice water-efficient landscaping.

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160
Q

PROCESS WATER is used for what purpose?

A

Process water is used for industrial processes such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. The term can also refer to water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes washing, and ice making.

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161
Q

What is an AQUIFER?

A

An aquifer is an underground water-bearing rock formation or group of formations that supply groundwater, wells, or springs.

162
Q

Low-flow fixtures use less water than what standard?

A

EPAct 1992

163
Q

What are some examples of applications that use AUTOMATIC FIXTURE SENSORS?

A

Lavatories, sinks, water closets, and urinals.

164
Q

Wastewater from toilets is what type of water?

A

Blackwater

165
Q

Wastewater from kitchen sinks is what type of water?

A

Blackwater

166
Q

Wastewater from faucets is what type of water?

A

Graywater

167
Q

What is WaterSense?

A

WaterSense is a partnership program sponsored the EPA, helping consumers identify water-efficient products and programs.

168
Q

What type of water is DRINKING WATER?

A

Potable water

169
Q

What are native plants?

A

Plants that are adapted to local conditions and are easier to grow and maintain. This low-maintenance approach means savings in both time and money. Once established, native plants better withstand variations in local climate such as droughts and freezes.

170
Q

What are adaptive plants?

A

Non-native plants that use less fertilizer, pesticides and water in a given landscape. These plants have adapted to the local climate and are not considered invasive plants or weeds.

171
Q

What is irrigation efficiency?

A

The percentage of water delivered by irrigation equipment that is actually used for irrigation and does not evaporate, blow away, or fall on hardscape. (USGBC). Drip irrigation has an efficiency of 90% while conventional overhead sprinklers have an efficiency of 65%

172
Q

What is the baseline flow rate of a faucet?

A

2.2 gpm (gallons per minute)

173
Q

What is the baseline flush rate of a urinal?

A

1.0 gpf (gallons per flush)

174
Q

What is the baseline flush rate of a water closet?

A

1.6 gpf (gallons per flush)

175
Q

How much water does a waterless urinal consume?

A

None

176
Q

What type of water is municipally supplied reclaimed/recycled water?

A

Nonpotable water

177
Q

The water use of a faucet is measured using what units?

A

Gallons per Minute (gpm)

178
Q

The water use of a water closet is measured in what units?

A

Gallons per Flush (gpf)

179
Q

What are the benefits of NATIVE PLANTS?

A

Native plants require less water, less maintenance, less fertilizer, and are more pest resistant.

180
Q

What is RECLAIMED WATER?

A

Reclaimed water is water that has been treated for reuse.

181
Q

What types of plants does LEED recommended using in landscape design?

A

Native and/or adaptive plants.

182
Q

What is HARVESTED RAINWATER?

A

Harvested rainwater is rainwater that has been collected for uses such as landscaping irrigation, toilet flushing, or other non-potable water uses.

183
Q

What are some types of flow fixtures?

A

Showerhead
Spray valve
Lavatory faucet

184
Q

What are some types of flushing fixtures?

A 
Urinal 
Water closet (toilet)
185
Q

What is the baseline water demand of a building?

A

The estimated occupant usuage of a project’s fixtures and fittings using the flush and flow rates from the EPAct 1992 standard.

186
Q

What standard is used to determine the baseline water demand of a building?

A

EPAct 1992

187
Q

What standard defines green power?

A

Green-e

188
Q

What are CFCs?

A

CFC stands for Chlorofluorocarbon. This is a type of hydrocarbon that is used in most types of refrigerants for building applications such as centrifugal chillers, refrigerators, and humidifiers. Most applications were installed prior to ozone concerns.

189
Q

What types of systems use CFCs?

A

Centrifugal chillers
Refrigerators
Humidifiers

190
Q

What are alternatives to using refrigeration with CFCs?

A

Natural ventilation
Refrigerants with lower ODP and GWP
Natural refrigerants

191
Q

What does GWP stand for?

A

Gloabl Warming Potential

192
Q

What is lighting power density?

A

Installed lighting power per unit area

193
Q

What category does lighting power density have the greatest impact on?

A

Energy and Atmosphere (EA). Reducing the lighting power density reduces energy use.

194
Q

What does ODP stand for?

A

Ozone Depletion Potential

195
Q

What is a BASELINE BUILDING PERMORMANCE?

A

ASHRAE 90.1 defines minimum standards of design. A building’s baseline building performance would be the annual energy cost for a building designed to those minimum standards.

196
Q

What is natural ventilation?

A

Natural ventilation uses the natural forces of wind and buoyancy to deliver fresh air into buildings.

197
Q

What is daylighting?

A

The practice of placing windows, or other transpaent media, and reflective surfaces so that, during the day, natural light provides effective internal illumination.

198
Q

What standard applies to natural ventilation?

A

ASHRAE 62.1

199
Q

What type of impact do HFCs have on the ozone layer?

A

HFCs have a low impact on the ozone layer but many HFCs have a high Global Warming Potential (GWP)

200
Q

What is free energy?

A

Energy with low/no-cost that comes as a result of building design. Examples include daylighting, natural ventilation, or onsite solar power/wind energy.

201
Q

What is Global Warming Potential as it relates to refrigerants?

A

A measurement of how much effect the given refrigerant will have on global warming in relation to carbon dioxide, where CO2 has a GWP of 1. This is usually measured over a 100-year period. In this case the lower the value of GWP the better the refrigerator.

202
Q

What is Ozone Depletion Potential as it relates to refrigerants?

A

The potential for a single molecule of the refrigerant to destroy the Ozone Layer. The less the value of the ODP the better the refrigerant is for the ozone later and therefore the environment.

203
Q

Is it better for a refrigerant to have a higher or lower ODP and GWP?

A

Lower

204
Q

What is fundamental refrigerant management?

A

A minimum theshold for refrigerant selection. LEED requires zero use of CFC-based refrigerants in new based building HVAC&R systems.

205
Q

What is the intent of fundamental refrigeration management?

A

To reduce stratospheric ozone depletion

206
Q

What variables measure a refrigerants impact on the enviornment?

A

Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)

207
Q

What does air pollution cause?

A

Harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural enviornment into the atmosphere.

208
Q

What is LIFE-CYCLE COST analysis?

A

Life-cycle cost analysis calculates expected future operating, maintenance, and replacement costs of designs and features used to assist owners in developing a realistic design and budget estimate.

209
Q

What is NET METERING?

A

It promotes water runoff instead of infiltration into the subsurface. This term is mostly used when discussing hardscape surfaces.

210
Q

What types of power have the greatest negative environmental impact?

A

Coal
Gas
Hydropower
Other fossil fuels

211
Q

What do GREENHOUSE GASES (GHG) do to the enviornment?

A

Absorb and emit radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of thermal infrared radiation emitted by Earth’s surface, clouds, and the atmosphere itself. Increased concerntrations of greenhouse gases are a root cause of global climate change.

212
Q

An energy simulation model or energy model is generated for what reasons?

A

Energy simulation model or energy models are used to provide the anticipated energy consumption of a building and permits a comparison of energy performance, given proposed energy efficiency measures, with the baseline.

213
Q

What is the main ASHRAE standard in which HVAC systems must adhere?

A

ASHRAE 90.1

214
Q

What is an REC?

A

Also known as Green tags, Renewable Energy Credits, or Tradable Renewable Certificates (TRCs), are tradable enviornmental commodities in teh US which represent proof that 1 megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated from an eligible renewable energy resource.

215
Q

What is radon?

A

A cancer-causing radioactive gas. Radon in the ground, groundwater, or building materials enter working and living spaces and disintegrates into its decay products.

216
Q

Where can RECs be purchased?

A

RECs can be purchased anywhere and are not bound by geography. They differ from actual electricity which must be purchased from a local provider.

217
Q

What is the purpose of an REC?

A

A renewable energy certification is a tradable commodity that allows organizations without access to off-site green power to purchase the benefits of green power.

218
Q

Green power must be certified by which organization for LEED credit?

A

Green-e

219
Q

When would natural ventilation be a good design choice?

A

In cooler climates where temperatures are lower

220
Q

What are the enviornmental benefits of an REC?

A

Avoid the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions assoicated with conventional electricy use.
Reduce some types of air pollution.

221
Q

What do CFCs do to the enviornment?

A

CFCs destroy the ozone layer.

222
Q

What is ENERGY EFFICIENCY?

A

Energy efficiency is the use of technology that requires less energy to perform the same function as a conventional item. A compact fluorescent light bulb that uses less energy than an incandescent bulb to produce the same amount of light is an example of energy efficiency. The decision to replace an incandescent light bulb with a compact fluorescent is an example of energy conservation.

223
Q

What is GLOBAL WARMING?

A

Global Warming refers to cliamte change that causes an increase in the average temperature of the lower atmoshphere of the Earth.

224
Q

What are GREENHOUSE GASES?

A

A gas, such as carbon dioxide or methane, which contributes to potential climate change/

225
Q

What is the most effective way to optimize energy efficiency?

A

The most effective way to optimize energy efficiency is by utilizing an integrative, whole-building approach.

226
Q

What is embodied energy?

A

The available energy that was used in the work of making a product. Embodied energy is an accounting methodology which aims to find the sum total of the energy necessary for an entire product lifecycle. This lifecycle includes raw material extraction, transport, manufacture, assembly, installation, disassembly, deconstruction, and/or decomposition.

227
Q

What is POSTCONSUMER RECYCLED content?

A

It is the percentage of material in a product that was consumer waste. The recycled material was generated by household, commercial, industrial, or institutional end-users and can no longer be used for its intended purpose. Postconsumer is just that, material recycled after being used by the consumer.

228
Q

Reusing an existing building can help earn credit in what category?

A

Materials & Resources

229
Q

What is PRE-CONSUMER recycled content?

A

Pre-consumer recycled content is formly known as postindustrial content, is a percentage of material in a product that is recycled from manufacturing wasste. Since the material is never sold to the consumer, it is pre-consumer material.

230
Q

What is RECYCLED content?

A

Recycled content is the proportion, by mass, or pre-consumer or postconsumer recycled material in a product (ISO 14021).

231
Q

What is COMMINGLED RECYCLING?

A

Commingled recycling accepts a wide range of recyclable materials. This allows materials to be collected in one bin, or location, prior to being sent to a recycling facility for separation. This type of recycling takes up less space and has better participation from occupants.

232
Q

What is waste diversion?

A

Reducing the amount of recyclable material being thrown away and ultimately wasted by disposal in the landfill. Many materials have uses or resources that can be recaptured through recycling.

233
Q

What are examples of PRE-CONSUMER recycled content?

A

Planer shavings, sawdust, bagasse, walnut shells, culls, trimmed materials, over issue publications, and obsolete inventories.

234
Q

What are examples of content that is excluded from PRE-CONSUMER recycled content?

A

Rework, regrind, or scrap materials capable of being reclaimed within the same process that generated them.

235
Q

What are examples of POSTCONSUMER recycled content?

A

Construction and demolition debris, materials collected through recycling programs, discarded products, (e.g., furniture, cabinetry, decking), leaves, grass clippings, tree trimmings)

236
Q

RECYCLED CONTENT is defined in accordance with what document?

A

ISO 14021 - International Organization of Standards document.

237
Q

What type of recycled content is a material that contains recycled newspaper?

A

Post-consumer recycled content.

238
Q

What is FSC?

A

The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), established in 1933 in response to those concerns over global deforestation. It is an international non-profit, multi-stakeholder organization that promotes responsible management of the world’s forests.

239
Q

What is the environmental benefit of using SALVAGES MATERIALS?

A

It reduces the demand for virgin materials.

240
Q

What is a VOC?

A

Volatile Organic Compounds can negative health effects when inhaled. Many VOCs are human-made chemicals that are used and produced in the manufacture of paints, pharmaceuticals, and refriegerants.

241
Q

What is CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION debris?

A

Construction and demolition debris are waste building materials, deredging materials, tree stumps, and rubble resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, and demolition of homes, commerical buildings and other structures and pavements.

242
Q

What materials are not allowed to be included in the calculations for Construction Waste Management?

A
  • Excavated materials such as dirt and trees

- Hazardous materials such as asbestos and lead covered debris

243
Q

What is CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN?

A

A construction waste management plan are administrative and procedural requirements for salvaging, recycling and disposing of non-hazardous demolition and construction waste.

244
Q

What are low VOC products?

A

Materials that have less off- gassing, resulting in improved indoor air quality.

245
Q

What is REUSE?

A

A strategy to use existing materials in a similar or different capacity that allows for the preservation of natural resources.

246
Q

At a minimum what materials must be commercial LEED project include in a recycling program?

A 
Paper
Corrugated cardboard
Glass
Plastics
Metals
247
Q

What are SALVAGED MATERIALS?

A

Construction materials recovered from building sites and reused on different building sites in the same or a different capacity. Examples can include flooring, brick, beams, and doors.

248
Q

What are the benefits of regional materials?

A

Reduced transportation costs

Support of local resources

249
Q

What is source reduction?

A

The practice of designing, manufacturing, purchasing, or using materials (such as products and packaging) in ways that reduce the amount of toxicity of trash created.

250
Q

What CREDIT CATEGORY addresses RECYCLED CONTENT?

A

Materials & Resources

251
Q

How many points can be earned in the Innovation category?

A

6 points

252
Q

How many Regional Priority credits can a LEED project earn?

A

4 points

253
Q

How many LEED AP’s are required to particiapte in a project to earn one Innovation point?

A

At least 1 principal participant of the project team must be a LEED AP with specialty appropraite for the project to earn an Innovation credit.

254
Q

Who is the PROJECT ADMINISTRATOR?

A

The individual who initially regiseters the project will be identified by GBCI as the Project Adminstrator.

255
Q

How can Innovation credit be earned?

A

Doubling the credit requirements, using a new strategy that is quantifibale, or achieving Pilot Credits

256
Q

How does the inregrative, whole building approach apply to LEED projects?

A

The integrative, whole-building approach is the most effective way to optimize energy efficiency, by collaboration among all team members, beginning at the start of a project, this method is necessary in desiging building systems.

257
Q

What is a DESIGN CHARRETTE?

A

The design charrette is an intense, collaborative design activity that allows project teams (i.e. project owner, architect, and design team) to develop and plan project strategies, evaluate and identify both financial and enviornmental impacts and reveal any opportunistic synergies for the entire project.

258
Q

What does the HOLISTIC approach pertain to?

A

The holistic approach evaluates energy consumption early in the design process to allow project teams to target methods to improve the building energy consumption and performance.

259
Q

What LEED credit category awards points for achieving exemplary performance?

A

Innovation

260
Q

How do you earn Innovation credit for exemplary performance?

A

To earn Innovation credit for exemplary performance, teams must meet the performance level defined by the next step in the threshold progression on credits that allow exemplary performance. For example if one point can be earned on a credit by reducing waste/

261
Q

What are the requirements for submitting an Innovation credit for an Innovative strategy?

A

Identify the following in writing: The intent of the proposed innovation credit. The proposed requirement for compliance. The proposed submittals to demonstrate compliance. The design approach (strategies) used to meet the requirements.

262
Q

How are Innovation points for innovative performance measured?

A

The submitted credit must be quantifiable.

263
Q

What is the maximum number of points a project can earn under the Regional Credit category?

A

Under the Regional Priority credit 4 points is the maximum any projects may earn.

264
Q

During the site selection process what members should a project team include?

A

Lanscape architects, ecologists, environmental enginers, and civil engineers, as well as local professionals who can provide site specific expertise.

265
Q

Wat are CREDIT SYNERGIES?

A

Credit synergies happen when credits work together and have an increased benefit, many times at a lower combined cost.

266
Q

Who fills out the LEED Scorecard?

A

The project team does during the LEED charrette.

267
Q

Who can become a LEED AP with specialty?

A

Anyone that passes GBCI’s exams.

268
Q

What do LEED APs with specialty do on a project?

A

Help streamline the certification process.

269
Q

What is EXEMPLARY PERFORMANCE?

A

Performance above and beyond the LEED requirements is rated “exemplary”. An axample of exemplary performance is to meet the next step in a series of requirements.

270
Q

What do you call a collaborative, facilitated approach to project design and execution?

A

An integrative process.

271
Q

What is a LEED CHARRETTE?

A

A collaborative session in which building stakeholders and building experts address design and project issues early in the building process.

272
Q

True or False: Can a product can earn Innovation credit?

A

FALSE

273
Q

Who uses LEED?

A

Architects, real estate professionals, facility managers, engineers, interior designers, landscape architects, construction managers, lenders and government officials all use LEED to help transform the built environment to sustainability.

274
Q

What should a project vision include?

A

A statement that embraces sustainable principles and an integrative process. A vision statement should support and enforce the sustainabiloty goals throughtout the project.

275
Q

What is the pre-design phase of an environmentally responsive design?

A

An added step to the design process which included the integrative process, defining environmental design guidelines, and assembling an integrative project team.

276
Q

What steps occur in the pre-design phase?

A
  1. Develop Green Vision
  2. Establish Project Goals and green design criteria
  3. Set Priorities
  4. Develop building program
  5. Establish budget
  6. Assemble green team
  7. develop partnering strategies
  8. develop project schedule
  9. review laws and standards
  10. conduct research
277
Q

What can increasing the ventilation in a building have a negative impact on?

A

Increasing ventilation in a building increases energy use (EA).

278
Q

Can prerequisites earn exemplary performance?

A

No. Only credits can earn exemplary performace.

279
Q

At what stage is it critical to incorporate green building practices into the project?

A

Pre-design

280
Q

LOCAL ZONING requirements are defined as:

A

Local government regulations imposed to promote orderly development of private lands and prevent land-use conflicts.

281
Q

Which has precedent in a project, LEED requirements or local codes?

A

Local codes must be followed first.

282
Q

What codes must LEED projects follow?

A

Projects should review relevant and applicable laws, codes, local ordinances, statues, and industry-related standards.

283
Q

What must be checked to determine what type of building can be built on a piece of land?

A

Local zoning requirements.

284
Q

What are local ordinances?

A

A law usually found in a municipal code.

285
Q

What are local codes?

A

State and local jurisdictions may develop their own regulations or adopt building codes based on national model codes. State and local codes are typically based on national model codes published by the International Code Council (ICC).

286
Q

What additional green building project and building construction budget are there?

A

Life cycle cost analysis
Green Building experts
Contingency plans for additional research

287
Q

What is systems thinking?

A

An understanding of the built environment as a series of relationships in which all parts influence many other parts.

288
Q

What is the integrative process used for?

A

To support high-performance, cost-effective project outcomes through an early analysis of the interrelationships among systems.

289
Q

What are the benefits of using an integrative process?

A

Higher performing buildings, healthier buildings, and cost savings over the long term.

290
Q

What is REACH used for?

A

REACH is the Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restricition of Chemicals. REACH requires all companies manufacturing or importing chemical substances into the European Union in quantities of one ton or more per year to register these.

291
Q

What are examples of high-priority designation areas?

A

Historic districts
Priority designation sites (Federal Empowerment Zones, EPA National Priorities List, etc.)
Brownfield

292
Q

What are types of sensitive habitat?

A 
Prime farmland
Foodplains
Endangered habitat
Water bodies
Wetlands
293
Q

What is WaterSense used for in LEED?

A

To identify fixtures in a LEED building are both water efficient and high performing.

294
Q

What are the diverse use categories?

A 
Food retail
Community-service retail
Services
Civic and community facilites
Community anchor uses
295
Q

What is the waste reduction hierarchy?

A

Source reduction
Reuse
Recycling
Waste to energy

296
Q

What is WASTE-TO-ENERGY?

A

The process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from incineration of waste.

297
Q

What is USGBC’s mission?

A

To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an enviornmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous enviorment that improves the quality of life.

298
Q

What is USGBC’s vision?

A

Buildings and communities will regenerate and sustain the health and vitality of all life within a generation.

299
Q

What are the roles of GBCI?

A

Administration of the LEED exams
Overseeing LEED Credential Maintenance
Third-party technical reviews of registered LEED projects

300
Q

What other green building rating systems are available?

A

Green Globes
BREEAM
Green Star
IgCC

301
Q

What are I-codes?

A

The International Codes, or I-Codes, published by ICC, provide minimum safeguards for people at home, at school, and in the workplace. The I-Codes are a compelte set of comprehensive, coordinated building safety and fire prevention codes. Building codes benefit public safety and support the industry’s need for one set of codes without regional limitations.

302
Q

What is the IgCC?

A

The IgCC provides the building industry with language that both broadens and strengthens building codes in a way that will accelerate the construction of performance green buildings.

303
Q

What are LEED Interpretations?

A

LEED Interpertations, just like Project Credit Interpertation Rulings (Project CIRs), are official answers to technical inquiries about implenting LEED on a project. They help people understand how their projeccts can meet LEED requirements. They also define or expand upon existing content to provide clarity.

304
Q

What are LEED Addenda?

A

USGBC publishes clarifications (also called addenda) to address errors in the LEED rating systems and reference guides.

305
Q

What is HERS Index?

A

The Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Index is a standard by which a home’s energy efficiency is measured.

306
Q

What is a BUG rating?

A

The backlight-uplight glare method is used in LEED v4 for light pollution reduction. By selecting exterior lighting with specific BUG ratings the project team can easily reduce light pollution.

307
Q

How is water performance measurement accomplished?

A

Metering and submetering

308
Q

What is DENSITY?

A

A measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. Does not include structured parking.

309
Q

What is BUILDABLE LAND?

A

The portion of the site where construction can occur, including land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. When used in density calculations, buildable land excludes public right-of-way and land excluded from development by codified law.

310
Q

What is a FLOOR-AREA-RATION (FAR)?

A

The density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures.

311
Q

What is an OCCUPIED SPACE?

A

Enclosed areas intended for human activites.

312
Q

What are examples of UNOCCUPIED SPACES?

A

Mechanical rooms, stairwells, closets.

313
Q

What is a REGULARLY OCCUPIED SPACE?

A

Conference rooms, guest rooms, kitchens, hotel lobby

314
Q

What is COMMISSIONING?

A

The process of verifying and documenting that a building and all of its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained to meet the owner’s project requirements.

315
Q

What is RETRO-COMMISSIONING?

A

A commissioning process that can be performed on existing buildings to identify and recognize system improvements that make the building more suitable for current use.

316
Q

What is DEMAND RESPONSE?

A

A change in electricity use by demand-side resources from their normal consumption patterns in response to changes in the price of electricity or to incentive payments desigend to induce lower electricity use at times of high wholesale market prices or when system reliability is jeopardized.

317
Q

What is a DEMAND RESPONSE EVENT?

A

A specifc period of time when the utility or independent service operator calls for a change in the pattern or level of use in gred based electricy from its program participants. Also known as a curtailment event.

318
Q

What is a CARBON OFFSET?

A

A unit of carbon dioxide equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or sequestered to compensate for emissions occuring elsewhere.

319
Q

What standard qualifies carbon offsets?

A

Green-e Climate certified (or equivlant)

320
Q

What enviornment benefit does purchasing off-site renweable energy (Green Power) have?

A

Emissions reductions

321
Q

How is a building’s energy efficiency benchmarked?

A

EPA’s ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager

322
Q

What does a building automation system do?

A

Collect data about a building’s systems and track it over time.

323
Q

what does designing for flexibility mean?

A

Desigining for flexibility is a concept that considers the future use of a the building and how it may be modified while at the same time reducing waste and reducing the need for new materials.

324
Q

What are enviornmental externalities?

A

Transactions in which one or more parties to the transaction are not compensated and may have little choice in the transaction. Air pollution, for example, is a visible externality of manufacturing, the cost of which is generally paid by others.

325
Q

What is product transparency?

A

Each building disclosure and optimization credit in the Materials and Resources section has two options for compliance. The first option is for material transparency - what’s in the material or how was it obtained. There are third party certifications use.

326
Q

What is an ENVIORNMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION (EPD)?

A

The Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is a standardized way of quantifying the environmental impact of a product of system. It is a statement that the item meets the environmental requirements of ISO 14021-1999, ISO 14025-2006 and EN 15804.

327
Q

What is a HEALTH PRODUCT DECLARATION (HPD)?

A

Health Product Declaration (HPDs) provide a full disclosure of the potential chemicals of concern in products by comparing product ingredients to a wide variety of “hazard” lists published by government authorities and scientific associatations.

328
Q

What is a CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORT (CSR)?

A

A CSR report is a third party verified report that includes information on how the manufacturer extracts or sources materials.

329
Q

What are three examples of building product disclosure?

A

Raw materials sourcing
Material ingredients
Environmental product disclosure

330
Q

What are USGBC’s seven guiding principles?

A
  • Promote the triple bottom line
  • Establish leadership
  • Reconcile humanity with nature
  • Foster social equality
  • Maintain integrity
  • Be inclusive
  • Exhibit transparency
331
Q

What does the LEED Volume Program help with?

A

Cost-effective LEED certification on a volume scale.

332
Q

When would the Campus Program be used?

A

The Campus Program is used when there are less than twenty-five projects and they are non-uniform in size. The projects do not have to be adjacent.

333
Q

How many LEED adaptations are there?

A

21

334
Q

What LEED rating system has recertification?

A

LEED O+M. Recertification is for O+M projects with an initial O+M certification. Projects must recertify within five years of the previous O+M certification and are eligible to recertify as often as every 12 months.

335
Q

How often must LEED O+M projects recertify?

A

Every 5 years

336
Q

What are the LEED impact categories?

A
  • Reverse Contribution to Global Climate Change
  • Enhance Individual Human Helath and Well-Being
  • Protect, Enhance and Restore Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
  • Promote Sustainable and Regenerative Material Resources
337
Q

What are the three important factors of LEED Green Building Rating System?

A

Voluntary
Consensus-based
Market-driven

338
Q

What are the point values of the LEED credit based on?

A

The ability to mitigate the enviornmental harms of a building and to promote beneficial effects.

339
Q

What are the three types of LEED improvements made on a regular basis?

A

Errate and addenda
Adaptations
Next version of LEED

340
Q

In what 3 ways are LEED Interpretations different than Project CIRs?

A

Precedent-setting
Published online
Subject to consensus based revview

341
Q

What are 3 benefits of LEED Interpretations?

A

Can be applied to multiple projects
Part of the LEED conversation
Reviewed by USGBC committees

342
Q

What LEEDdevelopments address specific space types and international requirements?

A

LEED Rating System adaptations

343
Q

What is the LEED Piolet Credit Library?

A

Allows credits to be refined through LEED project evaluations before they complete the balloting process for introduction into LEED.

344
Q

What type of project requires a master site for registration?

A

Campus

345
Q

What is an LPE?

A

Licensed Professional Exemption (LPE) is an optional credit documentation path in which professionals can submit license information and a declaration of complaince in lieu of a number of otherwise required submittals.

346
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A closed system is a system with a closed loop, and is thought of as more sustainable. For example, plants growing in a field, grow, produce oxygen, take in water, then die and decay which helps plants grow.

347
Q

What is an open system?

A

An open system is a system that constantly takes in items from outside the system, uses them and then lreleases them as waste. This system has no feedback loop. Think of a normal home where groceries, products, or water come into the home, are used and then released as waste water or garbage.

348
Q

What is a negative feedback loop?

A

A negative feeback loop is a system where the output may signal the system to stop changing.

349
Q

What are the phases of the LEED integrative process?

A
  • Discovery
  • Design and construction (implemntation)
  • Occupancy, operations, and performance feedback
350
Q

How does integrative design differ from the conventional building process?

A

The integrative process is iterative.

351
Q

What is at the core of the integrative process?

A

Collaborative team members

352
Q

What does the ISO 14000 standard do?

A

Assess enviornmental performance of products and services and provide guidance on improving their enviornmental performance.

353
Q

What is Energy Star specific to?

A

Energy Star is specific to energy performance and can be used to compare building performance.

354
Q

What is infill development?

A

Infill development occurs within established urban areas where the site or area either is a vacant place between otehr developments or has previously been used for another urban purpose.

355
Q

What document assists with determing recommended parking?

A

ITE Transportation Planning Handbook

356
Q

Whats is a SITE ASSESSMENT?

A

An evaluation of an area’s above ground and subsurface characteristics, including its structures, geology, and hydrology. Site assessments typically help determine whether contamination has occued and the extent and concentration of any release of pollutants. Remediation decisions rely on information generated during site assessments.

357
Q

Construction activity pollution prevention should address what enviornmental protection measures?

A
  • Soil erosion
  • Waterway sedimentation
  • Airborne dust
358
Q

What team member creates an erosion and sedimentation control (ESC) plan for construction activity pollution prevention?

A

Civil engineer

359
Q

What does protecting and restoring habitat help with?

A

Promoting biodiveristy

360
Q

How should projects reduce runoff?

A

Replicating the natural hydrology and water balance of the site.

361
Q

What are ways to manage runoff?

A

Low-impact development (LID) and green infastructure

362
Q

What products can have a WaterSense label?

A
  • Toilets
  • Private lavatory faucets
  • Showerheads
363
Q

What is energy use intensity measured in?

A

Energy consumed per unit of floor space

364
Q

What is the Owner’s Project Requirement (OPR) document?

A

A written document that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria determined by the owner to be important to the success of the project.

365
Q

What is BUS RAPID TRANSIT?

A

BRT is an enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or other transit right-of-way. The system is desigend to combine the flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail.

366
Q

What does tracking building-level energy use help with?

A

Identifying additional energy savings over time.

367
Q

What is ADAPTIVE REUSE?

A

The practice of redesigning and using a structure for a use that is significantly different from the building’s original use.

368
Q

What do the credits in the Materials and Resources (MR) category focus on?

A

Minimizing the embodied impacts associated with the entire life-cycle of building materials.

369
Q

What is the purpose of a life-cycle assessment?

A

To understand the trade-offs of material selection and energy performance.

370
Q

What is EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY?

A

Measures undertaken by the maker of a product to accept its own and sometimes other manufacturers’ products as postconsumer waste at the end of the products’ useful life. Producers recover and recycle the materials for use in new products of the same type.

371
Q

What is a FLUSH-OUT?

A

A flush-out runs the mechanical systems with 100% outside air to remove contaminants. Flush-outs are usually done after construction is complete and prior occupants moving in.

372
Q

What is IPM?

A

Integrated Pest Management - a method of pest management that protects human health and the surrounding environment and improves economic returns through the most effective, least-risk option.

373
Q

What is a common issue with daylighting?

A

Glare

374
Q

What does daylighting help reduce?

A

The need for artificial lighting.

375
Q

What are the benefits of good acoustics?

A
  • Increased learning in schools
  • Increased privacy in healthcare
  • Increased employee productivity/satisfaction
376
Q

What are ways to provide occupants thermal comfort?

A
  • Operable windows
  • Individual thermal comfort controls
  • Controls for shared spaces
377
Q

What is a negative environmental externality of locating a project in an area does not have diverse uses and is not densely developed?

A

Increased air pollution

378
Q

What are the benefits of LEED-certified buildings?

A
  • Lower operating costs and increased asset value
  • Reduced waste sent to landfills
  • Energy and waste conversation
  • More healthful and productive enviornments for occupants
  • Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
  • Qualification for tax rebates, zoning allow
379
Q

What is the most impactful way that a project can help to reverse contribution to cliamte change?

A

Reducing fossil-fuel based energy consumption

380
Q

What are the long term effects of climate change?

A
  • Higher sea levels
  • Higher temperatures
  • Longer droughts
381
Q

What are ALTERNATIVE COMPLIACNE PATHS (ACPs)?

A

Alternative Compliance Paths, or ACPs, allow international projects to identify equivalent means of demonstrating compliance to the credit requirements.

382
Q

What are examples of STRUCTURAL INCENTIVES for green building?

A
  • Expedited review/permitting process

- Density and height bonuses

383
Q

What are examples of FINANCIAL INCENTIVES for green building?

A
  • Tax Credits
  • Free reductions/waivers
  • Grants
  • Revolving loan funds (low-interest loans)
384
Q

What are examples of NON-FINANCIAL INCENTIVES for green building?

A
  • Technical assistance

- Marketing assistance

385
Q

What is a REGULAR BUILDING OCCUPANT?

A

Habitual users of a buildings.

386
Q

Name the different types of regular building occupants.

A
  • Employees
  • staff
  • volunteers
  • residents
  • primary and secondary school students
  • hotel guests
  • inpatients
387
Q

What is a VISITOR?

A

Visitors (also called “transients”) intermittently use a LEED building.

388
Q

Name the different type of building visitors.

A
  • retail customers
  • outpatients
  • volunteers
  • higher education studnets
389
Q

What is the most important phase of the integrative process?

A

Discovery

390
Q

What is a COMISSIONING ATHUORITY (CxA)?

A

The individual designated to organize, lead, and review the completion of commissioning process activites. The CxA facilities communication among the owner, designer, and contractor to ensure that complex systems are installed and function in accordance with the owner’s project requirements.

391
Q

What is LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT (LID)?

A

An approach to managing rainwater runoff that emphasizes on-site natural features to protext water quality, by replicating the natural land cover hydrologic regime of watersheds, and addressing runoff close to its source.

392
Q

What are examples of OCCUPANT CONTROLS?

A

An occupant controls is a system or switch that a person in the space can directly access and use. Examples include a task light, an open switch, and blinds. A temperature senor, photo sensor, or centrally controlled system is not occupant controlled.

393
Q

What is a RIDE SHARE?

A

A transit service in which individuals travel together in a passenger car or small van that seats at leasts four people. It can include human-powered conveyances, which must accomodate at least two people. It must include an enclosed passenger seating area, fixed route service, fixed fate structure, regular operation, and the ability to pick up multiple riders.

394
Q

What is a REGULATED LOAD?

A

Any building end use that has either a mandatory or a prescriptive requirement in ASHRAE Standard 90.1

395
Q

What is PROCESS ENERGY?

A

Power resources consumed in support of a manufacturing, industrial, or commerical process otehr than conditioning spaces and maintaining comfor and amenities for building occupants of a building. It may include refirgeration equipment, cooking and food.

396
Q

What is VISION GLAZING?

A

The glass portion of an exterior window that permits views to the exterior or interior. Vision glazing must allow a clear image of the exterior and must not be obstructed by frits, fibers, patterned glazing, or added tints that distort color balance.

397
Q

What standards can be used to identify green cleaning products?

A

Enviornmental Choice and Green Seal

398
Q

What does increasing ventilation in a building help with?

A

Reduced absenteeism

399
Q

Where should smoking be prohibited around a building?

A

Near entrances, operable windows, and air intakes

400
Q

What does the type of entryway system selected for a building impact?

A

Indoor air quality.

LEED GA (1 decks)

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