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LEED GA 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are names of the LEED Rating Systems?

A

Building Design and Construction (BD+C)
-Interior Design and Construction (ID+C)
-Operations and Maintenance (O+M)
-Neighborhood Development (ND)
-Homes

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2
Q

What is LEED?

A

An internationally recognized green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality, and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts. (USGBC)

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3
Q

What does LEED stand for?

A

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System

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4
Q

What parts of the LEED rating system are optional?

A

Credits are optional, prerequisites are required

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5
Q

How is LEED developed?

A

LEED Rating Systems are developed through an open, consensus-based process led by LEED volunteer committees.

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6
Q

What is the total number of points available a LEED
project can earn?

A

110 possible points

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7
Q

What are the different point/certification levels for LEED certification?

A

-Certified, 40-49 points
-Silver, 50-59 points
-Gold, 60-79 points
-Platinum, 80+ points

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8
Q

What is SMACNA used for?

A

Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractor’s National Association (SMACNA) guidelines play a key role in construction activity pollution prevention. The standard provides an overview of air pollutants associated with construction, control measures, construction process management, quality control, among other things.

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9
Q

What is Green Seal used for?

A

Green Seal is an independent nonprofit organization that indentifies and promotes products that are environmentally preferable. Several of its standards measure VOC limits in products.

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10
Q

What type of products are related to the Green Seal standard?

A

Paints and primers

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11
Q

What LEED credit category has credits that reference the Green Seal standard?

A

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)

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12
Q

What are LEED credit templates?

A

The documentation forms used to prove the requirements of a prerequisite or credit have been met. These will be filled out in LEED Online.

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13
Q

What is a PRELIMINARY RATING?

A

The target score the project team will attempt to achieve. The final score, based on the number of points awarded, may be more or less than the preliminary rating.

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14
Q

Can a project earn MULITPLE CERTIFICATIONS?

A

Yes. Projects can earn more than one LEED certification depending on the Rating Systems.

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15
Q

What are some ways the TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE is referred to?

A
  1. Ecology, environment, economics
  2. People, profit, planet
  3. Economics, ecology, social equity
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16
Q

What is the triple bottom line?

A

A change from being primarily financially driven to considering economics, environment, and social responsibility

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17
Q

What is a LEED CREDIT?

A

Part of the LEED Rating System. Projects earn points by meeting the requirements of credits in order to achieve building certification.

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18
Q

What CREDIT CATEGORIES
are shared among most LEED rating systems?

A

Location and Transportation, Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy and Atmosphere, Materials and Resources, Indoor Environmental Quality, Innovation

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19
Q

What is a GREEN SCORE?

A

A green score measures the ‘greenness’ of an automobile.

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20
Q

What is the highest LEED CERTIFICATION LEVEL?

A

Platinum

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21
Q

What is a LEED category?

A

A subset of the LEED Rating System. Each rating system has several green building categories.

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22
Q

What is a CIR?

A

A CIR is a credit interpretation ruling and is a process for project applicants seeking technical and administrative guidance on how LEED credits apply to their projects and vice versa.

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23
Q

What is USGBC?

A

A non-profit trade organization that promotes sustainability in how buildings are designed, built, and operated

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24
Q

What does SUSTAINABILITY mean?

A

Sustainability is meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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25
Q

Who develops LEED?

A

Volunteer committees

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26
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C be used for?

A

New construction and major renovations.

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27
Q

What types of projects would LEED ID+C be used for?

A

Interior fit-outs.

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28
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Core & Shell be used for?

A

For designers, builders, developers and new building owners who want to address sustainable design for new core and shell construction. Covers base building elements such as structure, envelope and the HVAC system.

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29
Q

What types of projects would LEED for Homes be used for?

A

High-performance green homes.

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30
Q

What types of projects would LEED O+M be used for?

A

Existing buildings that are undergoing improvement work or little to no construction.

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31
Q

What types of projects would LEED for Neighborhood Development be used for?

A

New land development projects or redevelopment projects containing residential uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix.

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32
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Schools be
used for?

A

The design and construction of K-12 schools. Based on the LEED for New Construction rating system, it addresses issues such as classroom acoustics, master planning, mold prevention and environmental site assessment.

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33
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Healthcare be used for?

A

Sustainable planning, design and construction for high-performance healthcare facilities.

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34
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Retail be
used for?

A

The different types of spaces that retailers need for their distinctive product lines.

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35
Q

True or False: Can a product can earn LEED certification?

A

FALSE

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36
Q

What LEED category can earn points for low-emitting materials?

A

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)

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37
Q

What is life cycle costing?

A

Evaluates a product’s economic performance

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38
Q

What is life cycle assessment?

A

The investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or service caused or necessitated by its existence.

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39
Q

When should life cycle assessment be used?

A

When considering the products long term environmental impact over the products lifetime.

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40
Q

Why should you use life cycle costing?

A

When there exists project alternatives that fulfill the same performance requirements, but differ with respect to initial costs and operating costs. The comparison can help maximize net savings.

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41
Q

True or False: LEED projects are more expensive than traditional projects

A

FALSE Generally this is false, but sometimes they cost more or less depending on the situation. This point is often argued among the building community.

42
Q

True or False: Using an integrative process takes longer than traditional projects

A

false

43
Q

What is value engineering?

A

Analysis of the requirements of a project for the purpose of achieving the essential functions at the lowest total costs

44
Q

What is pervious pavement used for?

A

Pervious pavement is used to reduce runoff by allowing runoff to filter through the pervious material.

45
Q

It is a measure of the ability of a surface material to reflect sunlight in forms of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths, which is measured on a scale of 0 to 1. Black paint has an albedo of 0 and white paint has an albedo of 1.

A

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE?

46
Q

What is HEAT ISLAND effect?

A

The heat island effect is a situation where the absorption of heat by hardscapes, buildings and dark materials then radiates to surrounding areas. The term describes the event where radiant air and surface temperatures in urban areas are higher than rural or suburban areas nearby.

47
Q

What can cause the heat island effect?

A

-Dark surfaces that absorb heat (black roofs, asphalt)
-vehicle exhaust
-air-conditioners
-reduced air flow from tall buildings and narrow streets

48
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE INDEX (SRI)?

A

A measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation. It is defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100.

49
Q

What are some types of DIVERSE USES?

A

Bank, Place of Worship, Convenience Grocery, Day Care Center, Cleaners, Fire Station, Beauty Salon, Hardware, Laundry, Library, Medical or Dental Office, Senior Care Facility, Park, Pharmacy, Post Office, Restaurant, School, Supermarket, Theater, Community

50
Q

What are the benefits of reducing heat islands?

A

Reducing heat islands reduces air temperatures which would reduce the need to cool that air in buildings. Thus energy consumption is lowered.

51
Q

What are some ways to reduce automobile parking?

A

Select a site near mass transit
Promote carpooling
Install less parking
Install bicycle racks

52
Q

What is a BROWNFIELD?

A

Real property whose use may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.

53
Q

What do reflective materials help with?

A

Reducing the heat
island effect.

54
Q

What does PREFERRED PARKING refer to?

A

Preferred parking refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons) or parking passes provided at a discounted price.

55
Q

What are ways to reduce
single passenger vehicles traveling to a project site?

A

Locate the site near mass transit, promote carpooling, reduce parking spaces, install bicycle racks

56
Q

What term defines paving systems that are open and allow moisture to soak into the ground below?

A

Pervious. There are many types of pervious paving systems.

57
Q

What minimum Green Score is required by LEED for a vehicle to qualify as a green vehicle?

A

A minimum Green Score of 45 is required on the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide.

58
Q

What do IMPERVIOUS surfaces promote?

A

It promotes water runoff instead of infiltration into the subsurface. This term is mostly used when discussing hardscape surfaces.

59
Q

By what amount can HEAT ISLANDS elevate temperatures in urban area?

A

10 degrees F or more

60
Q

Heat islands impact what
LEED category(s)?

A

Sustainable Sites (SS) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA). Heat islands increase temperatures resulting in the need for more air conditioning (and more energy to cool the air).

61
Q

What STRATEGIES are employed to reduce the HEAT-ISLANDS?

A

Strategies include using materials with higher solar reflectance properties in the site design, provide shaded areas, and reduce hardscape surfaces and installing vegetated roofs.

62
Q

What generally defines OPEN SPACE area?

A

Local zoning requirements

63
Q

What does the BUILDING FOOTPRINT consists of?

A

The area on a project site used by the building structure and defined by the perimeter of the building plan.

64
Q

What is light pollution?

A

Waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes energy

65
Q

What is a benefit of locating a project near mass transit?

A

Reduced automobile use which reduces automobile emissions.

66
Q

What is a GREENFIELD site?

A

A site not previously developed or graded that could support open space, habitat, or agriculture.

67
Q

What are examples of IMPERVIOUS surfaces?

A

Parking lots, roads, sidewalks, and plazas.

68
Q

How is development density calculated?

A

By drawing a radius from the project building

69
Q

What is the purpose of locating a project in an area with DIVERSE USES?

A

Locating near diverse uses promotes walking which helps to limit urban sprawl and reduces automobile use.

70
Q

What is a DIVERSE USE?

A

A distinct, officially recognized business, nonprofit, civic, religious, or governmental organization, or dwelling units (residential use) or offices (commercial office use). It has a stationary postal address and is publicly available. It does not include automated facilities such as ATMs, vending machines, and touchscreens.

71
Q

How are diverse uses identified for a project?

A

By walking distance from the project site.

72
Q

What helps reduce the heat island effect?

A

Light colored paving materials
Green roofs
Cool roofs
Shading
Underground parking

73
Q

What is PEDESTRIAN ACCESS?

A

Pedestrian access allows pedestrians to walk between areas without interference from walls, highways or other barriers.

74
Q

What is a PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED site?

A

A site that was previously built on, has been graded, or contained a parking lot, roadway, or other structure.

75
Q

What is the DEVELOPMENT FOOTPRINT?

A

The development footprint includes all areas of a site affected by the development or project site activity. Include hardscapes, parking lots, access roads, non-building facilities and the building itself.

76
Q

What is an ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicle?

A

An alternative fueled vehicle uses low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and ethanol

77
Q

What are some examples of mass transit?

A

Busses
Ferries
Rail lines
Shuttles

78
Q

What is OPEN SPACE?

A

Open space is undeveloped land, but it differs from greenfield sites since open space could have been developed in the past and restored to an undeveloped state.

79
Q

What is a FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE)?

A

Is a regular building occupant who spends 40 hours per week in the project building. Part-time or overtime occupants have FTE values based on their hours per week divided by 40. Multiple shifts are included or excluded depending on the intent and requirements of the credit.

80
Q

How can potable water use be reduced for irrigation?

A
  • Use graywater or rainwater for watering
  • Use drip irrigation
  • Install native and adaptive plants
81
Q

What two measurements are used to calculate a percent reduction in water use?

A

A baseline design case and an installed design case

82
Q

What are transient occupants?

A

Building visitors and other part-time or occasional occupants, such as students, volunteers, visitors, etc.

83
Q

What variables are used in determining FTE calculations?

A

The type of building occupant (full-time, part-time, transient) and the hours worked per week.

84
Q

What does runoff
contribute to?

A

Soil erosion and sedimentation of local waterways

85
Q

HARVESTED RAINWATER can be substituted for what types of potable water use?

A

Landscape irrigation, fire suppression, toilet and urinal flushing, and custodial uses.

86
Q

What does a VEGETATED roof consist of?

A

Vegetation, growing medium, filter fabric, drainage, and a waterproof membrane.

87
Q

What does GPF stand for?

A

Gallons per Flush. The unit of measurement for flush fixtures (urinals, water closets)

88
Q

What is a bioswale?

A

Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water. They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap.

89
Q

What does GPM stand for?

A

Gallons per Minute. The unit of measurement for flow fixtures (faucets, showers)

90
Q

What is sedimentation?

A

When runoff deposits sediment into water ways, leading to a decline in water quality by blocking sunlight.

91
Q

What is graywater?

A

Domestic wastewater composed of wash water from kitchen, bathroom, and laundry sinks, tubs, and washers. (EPA)

92
Q

What codes define GRAYWATER?

A

Local and state authorities along with the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) in its Appendix G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings & The International Plumbing Code (IPC) Appendix C, Gray Water Recycling Systems.

93
Q

Irrigation impacts what LEED categories?

A

Water Efficiency (WE) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA)

94
Q

What is BLACKWATER?

A

Blackwater is wastewater from toilets and urinals. Wastewater from kitchen sinks (perhaps differentiated by the use of a garbage disposal),showers, or bathtubs is considered blackwater under some state or local codes.

95
Q

What is XERISCAPING?

A

Xeriscaping is a landscaping method that makes routine irrigation unnecessary. It uses drought-adaptive and low-water plants as well as soil amendments such as compost and mulches to reduce evaporation.

96
Q

Water saving fixtures can reduce water use in a project by what amount?

A

30% (USGBC)

97
Q

What is DRIP IRRIGATION?

A

Drip irrigation delivers water at low pressure through buried mains and sub mains. Water is distributed to the soil through a network of perforated tubes or emitters. Drip irrigation is much more efficient than traditional sprinkler systems.

98
Q

What are NOXIOUS weeds?

A

They are an invasive species of plants that inhibit the cultivation and growth of local native or adaptive plants.

99
Q

What are NATIVE or INDIGENOUS plants?

A

They are adapted to a given area during a defined time period and are not invasive. In North America, the term often refers to plants growing in a region prior to the time of settlement by people of European descent.

100
Q

What are considered INVASIVE plants?

A

They are nonnative to the ecosystem and likely to cause harm once introduced. These species are characteristically adaptable and aggressive, have a high reproductive capacity, and tend to overrun the ecosystems they enter. Collectively, they are among the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability.

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