Lectures 3, 4, 5, 6 Flashcards
A plant cell structure that forms during late cytokinesis and serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent cell division.
Phragmoplast
The formula represents the role of GNOM in auxin gradient and root hair positioning.
PIN recycling —GNOM (via)——> Auxin gradient ——Root hair positioning—->
A key component in the ethylene signaling pathway, which interacts with auxin signaling.
EIN2
Small GTPases that regulate cell polarity, cytoskeleton organization, and various signaling pathways in plants.
Rho-of-Plant (ROP) Proteins
A critical enzyme involved in various cellular processes, including cell division, and forms a complex with TON1 and TON2/FASS.
Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A)
A microtubule-associated protein involved in the attachment of microtubules to the cortex.
CLASP
A network of filaments that provides structural support and facilitates various cellular processes, including cell division and movement.
Actin Cytoskeleton
The formula represents the degradation of AUX/IAA12 and activation of ARF5.
Auxin+AUX/IAA12→Degradation of AUX/IAA12→Activation of ARF5→Gene Transcription
A signaling cascade that involves a series of protein kinases, which ultimately regulate various cellular activities, including cell division and cell plate formation.
MAP Kinase Pathway
The formula represents the role of auxin and TIR1 in the degradation of AUX/IAA12.
Auxin+TIR1→SCF complex→Ubiquitination of AUX/IAA12→Degradation by 26S proteasome→Release of ARF5→Gene Transcription
The coordinated asymmetrical distribution of cells and subcellular structures within the plane of a single cell layer
Planar polarity
The formula represents the role of SHR in endodermal cell fate.
SHR (vascular tissue)→Movement to adjacent cell layer→Activation of SCR→Endodermal cell fate
A process where a parent cell divides into two daughter cells with different sizes, contents, or fates
Asymmetric cell division
The spatial arrangement of the division plane, which determines the positioning and fate of the daughter cells.
Division Plane Orientation
The formula represents the asymmetric division of the zygote in Arabidopsis.
Zygote —–Asymmetric Division——>
Apical Cell (Shoot)+Basal Cell (Root)
The formula represents the polarization vector.
P= Total Dipole Moment/volume
The formula represents the role of SABRE in microtubule alignment and PPB orientation.
SABRE→MT Alignment→PPB Orientation→Cell Division Plane Orientation
The formula represents the role of the auxin gradient in planar polarity.
Auxin Gradient→Planar Polarity
A plant hormone that interacts with auxin signaling pathways to influence cell polarity and differentiation.
Ethylene
An ARF-GEF involved in the recycling of PIN proteins, which are auxin efflux carriers.
GNOM
The formula represents the role of CLASP in microtubule attachment and dynamics.
CLASP→MT Attachment+MT Dynamics→PPB Association
The genetic basis of root hair placement, involving Rho-of-Plant (ROP) proteins.
Root Hair Polarity
The formula represents the role of GNOM in auxin transport and embryo polarity.
GNOM —BFA—> ARF-GEF —PIN1 Recycling—> Auxin Transport —Apical-Basal Axis—> Embryo Polarity
The formula represents the combined activity of AUX1, EIN2, and GNOM in root hair positioning.
AUX1+EIN2+GNOM→Auxin gradient→Root hair positioning
The formula represents the interaction between SABRE and CLASP for PPB orientation.
SABRE+CLASP→PPB Orientation→Cell Division Plane Orientation
A large protein required for proper microtubule alignment and PPB orientation.
SABRE (SAB)
An auxin influx carrier that facilitates the entry of auxin into cells.
AUX1
An octameric adapter complex essential for clathrin-dependent endocytosis in plant cells.
TPLATE complex
