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Current aspects and methods of plant cell biology > Lectures 3, 4, 5, 6 > Flashcards

Lectures 3, 4, 5, 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

A plant cell structure that forms during late cytokinesis and serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent cell division.

A

Phragmoplast

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2
Q

The formula represents the role of GNOM in auxin gradient and root hair positioning.

A

PIN recycling —GNOM (via)——> Auxin gradient ——Root hair positioning—->

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3
Q

A key component in the ethylene signaling pathway, which interacts with auxin signaling.

A

EIN2

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3
Q

Small GTPases that regulate cell polarity, cytoskeleton organization, and various signaling pathways in plants.

A

Rho-of-Plant (ROP) Proteins

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4
Q

A critical enzyme involved in various cellular processes, including cell division, and forms a complex with TON1 and TON2/FASS.

A

Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A)

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4
Q

A microtubule-associated protein involved in the attachment of microtubules to the cortex.

A

CLASP

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5
Q

A network of filaments that provides structural support and facilitates various cellular processes, including cell division and movement.

A

Actin Cytoskeleton

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6
Q

The formula represents the degradation of AUX/IAA12 and activation of ARF5.

A

Auxin+AUX/IAA12→Degradation of AUX/IAA12→Activation of ARF5→Gene Transcription

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7
Q

A signaling cascade that involves a series of protein kinases, which ultimately regulate various cellular activities, including cell division and cell plate formation.

A

MAP Kinase Pathway

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8
Q

The formula represents the role of auxin and TIR1 in the degradation of AUX/IAA12.

A

Auxin+TIR1→SCF complex→Ubiquitination of AUX/IAA12→Degradation by 26S proteasome→Release of ARF5→Gene Transcription

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9
Q

The coordinated asymmetrical distribution of cells and subcellular structures within the plane of a single cell layer

A

Planar polarity

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10
Q

The formula represents the role of SHR in endodermal cell fate.

A

SHR (vascular tissue)→Movement to adjacent cell layer→Activation of SCR→Endodermal cell fate

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11
Q

A process where a parent cell divides into two daughter cells with different sizes, contents, or fates

A

Asymmetric cell division

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11
Q

The spatial arrangement of the division plane, which determines the positioning and fate of the daughter cells.

A

Division Plane Orientation

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12
Q

The formula represents the asymmetric division of the zygote in Arabidopsis.

A

Zygote —–Asymmetric Division——>​
Apical Cell (Shoot)+Basal Cell (Root)

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13
Q

The formula represents the polarization vector.

A

P= Total Dipole Moment/volume

14
Q

The formula represents the role of SABRE in microtubule alignment and PPB orientation.

A

SABRE→MT Alignment→PPB Orientation→Cell Division Plane Orientation

15
Q

The formula represents the role of the auxin gradient in planar polarity.

A

Auxin Gradient→Planar Polarity

16
Q

A plant hormone that interacts with auxin signaling pathways to influence cell polarity and differentiation.

A

Ethylene

17
Q

An ARF-GEF involved in the recycling of PIN proteins, which are auxin efflux carriers.

A

GNOM

18
Q

The formula represents the role of CLASP in microtubule attachment and dynamics.

A

CLASP→MT Attachment+MT Dynamics→PPB Association

19
Q

The genetic basis of root hair placement, involving Rho-of-Plant (ROP) proteins.

A

Root Hair Polarity

20
Q

The formula represents the role of GNOM in auxin transport and embryo polarity.

A

GNOM —BFA—> ARF-GEF —PIN1 Recycling—> Auxin Transport —Apical-Basal Axis—> Embryo Polarity

21
Q

The formula represents the combined activity of AUX1, EIN2, and GNOM in root hair positioning.

A

AUX1+EIN2+GNOM→Auxin gradient→Root hair positioning

22
Q

The formula represents the interaction between SABRE and CLASP for PPB orientation.

A

SABRE+CLASP→PPB Orientation→Cell Division Plane Orientation

23
Q

A large protein required for proper microtubule alignment and PPB orientation.

A

SABRE (SAB)

24
Q

An auxin influx carrier that facilitates the entry of auxin into cells.

A

AUX1

25
Q

An octameric adapter complex essential for clathrin-dependent endocytosis in plant cells.

A

TPLATE complex

Current aspects and methods of plant cell biology (1 decks)

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