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HUBS191 > Lectures 1-4 > Flashcards

Lectures 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is anatomical position

A

Upright

Face forward

Feet forward

Palms face forward

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2
Q

What is homeostasis

A

The process by which living organisms maintain their internal environment despite fluctuations in external environment

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3
Q

Top (or towards the top) in anatomical terms

A

Cranial or cephalic

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4
Q

Behind in anatomical terms

A

Posterior or dorsal

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5
Q

Infront in anatomical terms

A

Anterior or ventral

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6
Q

Higher up in anatomical terms

A

Superior

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7
Q

Lower down in anatomical terms

A

Inferior

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8
Q

Toward the midline in anatomical terms

A

Medial

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9
Q

Further up or down the midline in anatomical terms

A

Distal

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10
Q

Further to the right or left in the midline in anatomical terms

A

Lateral

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11
Q

Closer in anatomical terms

A

Proximal

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12
Q

Deep is _________ to/from the surface

A

Further

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13
Q

Superficial is __________ to/from the surface

A

Closer

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14
Q

What is the sagittal plane

A

Vertical midline of the body. Splits the body into a left and right side

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15
Q

What is the coronal plane

A

Divides the body into a front and back side

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16
Q

What is the transverse plane

A

Divides the body into a top and bottom half

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17
Q

What movement occurs in the sagittal plane

A

Front and back movements

Flexion and extension

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18
Q

What movement occurs in the coronal plane

A

Side to side movements

Abduction and adduction

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19
Q

What movement occurs in the transverse plane

A

Rotating movements

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20
Q

Whats the movement where your palms face anterior called?

A

Supination

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21
Q

Whats the movement where your palms face posterior called

22
Q

Ankle flexion

A

Dorsiflexion

23
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Ankle flexion

24
Q

Ankle extension

A

Plantarflexion

25
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Ankle extension

26
Q

Bottom (or towards the bottom) in anatomical terms

27
Q

Sole of foot faces towards midline

28
Q

Inversion

A

Sole of foot faces towards midline

29
Q

When the controlled variable moves too far from set point and the body responds by doing something to bring the variable back to ‘normal’

30
Q

Feedback

A

When the controlled variable moves too far from set point and the body responds by doing something to bring the variable back to ‘normal’

31
Q

When there is anticipation of an event that will change the controlled variable so the body does something to minimise the effect

A

Feedforward

32
Q

Feedforward

A

When there is anticipation of an event that will change the controlled variable so the body does something to minimise the effect

33
Q

What are the functions of a skeleton

A
  1. Support
  2. Movement
  3. Protection
  4. Storage
  5. Red blood cell formation (red marrow)
34
Q
  1. Support
  2. Movement
  3. Protection
  4. Storage
  5. Red blood cell formation (red marrow)
A

What are the functions of a skeleton

35
Q

Compact bone

A
  • good at transmitting force down one direction
  • Often found down the shaft of weight bearing bones
36
Q
  • good at transmitting force down one direction
  • Often found down the shaft of weight bearing bones
A

Compact bone

37
Q

Cancellous bone

A
  • Often found at the end of limb bones
  • good at taking force from multiple directions and directing into a straight force by the time it gets down to the shaft
38
Q
  • Often found at the end of limb bones
  • good at taking force from multiple directions and directing into a straight force by the time it gets down to the shaft
A

Cancellous bone

39
Q

What are the bone classes

A
  1. Long bones
  2. Short bones
  3. Flat bones
  4. Irregular bones
40
Q

Ends of the bone

41
Q

Epiphysis

A

Ends of the bone

42
Q

Where the red marrow is for forming red blood cells

A

The medullary cavity

43
Q

Long bones

A
  1. Longer than they are wide
  2. Act as levers for movement
  3. Thicker compact bone
  4. Usually limb bones
44
Q

Short bones

A
  1. Close to equal width and length
  2. Mostly made of cancellous bone, but thin compact bone portion on the outside
  3. Good at weight bearing from multiple directions
45
Q

Flat bones

A
  1. Function is muscle attachment. Flat surfaces are great for muscle attachment due to large surface area for muscle to attach to
  2. They’re made of thin plates of compact bone with cancellous bone in the middle
46
Q

Irregular bones

A
  1. Not long, round or square, just cancellous or flat
  2. Often have foramina (holes) used to allow blood vessels to go through
47
Q

What are the two divisions of the skeleton?

A

Axial skeleton

Appendicular skeleton

48
Q

What is the purpose of the axial skeleton

A

Bones of the core

Protection of vital organs

49
Q

What is the purpose of the appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of the limbs

Most important for movement

50
Q

What are the major bones if the skull (axial skeleton) and their functions

A

Cranium (vault)

         encloses the brain

          Muscle attachments

Facial bones

        Protect and support sensory organs

HUBS191 (1 decks)

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